Losartan Elevates the Serum High-Molecular Weight-Adiponectin Isoform and Concurrently Improves Insulin Sensitivity in Patients with Impaired Glucose Metabolism

Context: Low levels of adiponectin and T in men have been shown to predict development of the metabolic syndrome, but the effects of T on glucose metabolism are incompletely understood and may be influenced either directly or indirectly through changes in body composition or in levels of adiponectin. Objective: The aim of the study was to test whether T exerts its effects on glucose metabolism directly or indirectly. Design, Setting, and Participants: In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study, 12 healthy young males were studied on four separate occasions. They received GnRH agonist treatment 1 month before 3 of 4 trial days to induce castrate levels of T. On trial days, T gel containing either high or low physiological T dose or placebo was applied to the body. On a fourth trial day, participants constituted their own eugonadal controls. Intervention: Each study comprised a 5-hour basal period and a 3-hour hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp. Main Outcome Measures: We measured the effect of acute T on peripheral glucose disposal, total adiponectin and subforms, and other indices of glucose metabolism. Results: Short-term hypogonadism was associated with increased high molecular weight adiponectin levels (P < .03) and increased oxidative glucose disposal (P = .03) but not total glucose disposal (P = .07). Acute T treatment was an independent suppressor of high molecular weight adiponectin levels (P = .04) but did not affect total glucose disposal (P = .17). Conclusions: These data show that T can act through putative fast nongenomic pathways to affect adiponectin levels in humans. The early hypogonadal state is characterized by a marked shift in fuel oxidation from lipids toward glucose, which may rely partly on buffering capabilities of adiponectin.

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Leptin/Adiponectin Ratios Using Either Total Or High-Molecular-Weight Adiponectin as Biomarkers of Systemic Insulin Sensitivity in Normoglycemic Women

Journal of Diabetes Research ◽

10.1155/2017/9031079 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Carolina Bravo ◽

Luis Rodrigo Cataldo ◽

José Galgani ◽

Javier Parada ◽

José Luis Santos

Keyword(s):

Molecular Weight ◽

Insulin Sensitivity ◽

Glucose Tolerance ◽

High Molecular Weight ◽

Glucose Tolerance Test ◽

Tolerance Test ◽

Sensitivity Index ◽

High Molecular Weight Adiponectin ◽

Intravenous Glucose ◽

Negatively Associated

Plasma leptin/adiponectin ratio (LAR) is negatively associated with insulin sensitivity indexes. High-molecular-weight adiponectin (HMWA) was proposed as the most biologically active form of this insulin-sensitizing adipokine. There are no studies assessing the relative merits of leptin/HMWA ratio over LAR as a biomarker of systemic insulin sensitivity. A standard 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT; 75 g of glucose) and a short minimal-model intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT; 0.3 g/kg body weight) were performed in 58 Chilean normoglycemic women (age: 27 ± 6.3 years, BMI 23.6 ± 3.2 kg/m2). LAR was negatively associated with HOMA-S (r=−0.49; p<0.0001), Matsuda-ISICOMP (r=−0.54; p<0.0001), and the calculated sensitivity index (CSi) derived from IVGTT (r=−0.38; p=0.007). In comparison to LAR, leptin/HMWA ratio did not increase neither the linear fit (r2) nor the magnitude of association with insulin sensitivity indexes (slope of multiple linear regression). The discriminatory capacity of both ratios to classify insulin-resistant versus insulin-sensitive subjects was similar for HOMA-S (p=0.84), Matsuda-ISICOMP (p=0.43), or CSi (p=0.50). In conclusion, LAR showed consistent negative associations with different systemic insulin sensitivity indexes. The use of HMWA to generate leptin/HMWA ratio did not show any advantage over LAR as a biomarker of systemic insulin sensitivity in normoglycemic women.

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High Molecular Weight Adiponectin Correlates with Insulin Sensitivity in Patients with Hepatitis C Genotype 3, But Not Genotype 1 Infection

The American Journal of Gastroenterology ◽

10.1111/j.1572-0241.2005.00311.x ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 100 (12) ◽

pp. 2717-2723 ◽

Cited By ~ 44

Author(s):

Amy Y-H. Wang ◽

Ingrid J. Hickman ◽

Ayanthi A. Richards ◽

Jonathan P. Whitehead ◽

Johannes B. Prins ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molecular Weight ◽

Hepatitis C ◽

Insulin Sensitivity ◽

High Molecular Weight ◽

Genotype 1 ◽

Genotype 3 ◽

High Molecular Weight Adiponectin

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Correlation of High-Molecular-Weight Adiponectin and Leptin Concentrations with Anthropometric Parameters and Insulin Sensitivity in Newborns

International Journal of Endocrinology ◽

10.1155/2014/435376 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Jia Zheng ◽

Xinhua Xiao ◽

Qian Zhang ◽

Lili Mao ◽

Ming Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molecular Weight ◽

Insulin Sensitivity ◽

Cord Blood ◽

High Molecular Weight ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Anthropometric Measurements ◽

Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis ◽

High Molecular Weight Adiponectin ◽

College Hospital ◽

Hmw Adiponectin

Objective. High-molecular-weight adiponectin (HMW-adiponectin) and leptin are two important adipokines. The aim of this study was to examine the association between the two adipokines and anthropometric measurements of neonates at birth. Furthermore, we would like to explore whether HMW-adiponectin and leptin correlate with insulin sensitivity in neonates.Methods. Venous cord blood samples were obtained from 266 full-term healthy neonates consecutively born at Peking Union Medical College Hospital. HMW-adiponectin, leptin, blood glucose, and insulin concentrations were measured.Results. HMW-adiponectin and leptin were significantly higher in females compared with males (P=0.031andP=0.000, resp.). Univariate correlation analysis showed that leptin concentrations in cord blood were positively associated with gestational age, birth weight, body length, ponderal index, placenta weight, insulin, and insulin sensitivity (allP<0.001). However, there was no correlation between cord blood HMW-adiponectin levels and foetal anthropometric measurements or foetal insulin sensitivity indicators (allP>0.05). Multivariate linear regression analysis indicated that leptin (B=-0.126,P=0.045) in cord blood was independently associated with insulin sensitivity.Conclusions. Leptin concentrations, but not HMW-adiponectin, were positively associated with foetal anthropometric measurements. Leptin concentrations are significantly associated with foetal insulin sensitivity, and there were no significant correlations between HMW-adiponectin levels and foetal insulin sensitivity.

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Circulating high-molecular-weight adiponectin is upregulated in preeclampsia and is related to insulin sensitivity and renal function

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/eje-07-0454 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 158 (2) ◽

pp. 197-201 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Mathias Fasshauer ◽

Theresa Waldeyer ◽

Jeannette Seeger ◽

Susanne Schrey ◽

Thomas Ebert ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molecular Weight ◽

Renal Function ◽

Insulin Sensitivity ◽

High Molecular Weight ◽

Active Form ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Serum Concentrations ◽

High Molecular Weight Adiponectin ◽

Hmw Adiponectin ◽

Total Adiponectin

ObjectivePreeclampsia (PE) is a serious cardiovascular complication in pregnancy which is associated with an increased future metabolic and cardiovascular risk for mother and newborn. Recently, a paradoxical upregulation of the insulin-sensitizing and anti-atherogenic adipokine adiponectin has been shown in PE. Furthermore, high-molecular-weight (HMW) adiponectin has been suggested as the biologically active form of this adipokine.Design and methodsHMW adiponectin and total adiponectin serum concentrations were quantified by ELISA in PE (n=16) patients and pregnant control women without PE (n=20). Furthermore, HMW adiponectin and total adiponectin were correlated to clinical and biochemical measures of renal function, glucose, and lipid metabolism, as well as inflammation.ResultsMedian maternal HMW adiponectin and total adiponectin levels were significantly and independently upregulated almost twofold in PE when compared with controls. HMW adiponectin and total adiponectin correlated positively with creatinine and negatively with fasting insulin in univariate and multivariate analyses.ConclusionsWe show that maternal HMW adiponectin and total adiponectin serum concentrations are significantly increased in PE and are positively associated with markers of insulin sensitivity and renal dysfunction. Adiponectin might be part of a physiological feedback mechanism improving insulin sensitivity and cardiovascular health in PE.

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