scholarly journals Effect of Intercropping on Productivity and Profitability of Sesame under Dryland Arid Conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-156
Author(s):  
Moola Ram
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Research Station ◽  
High Potassium ◽  
Net Return ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Total Productivity

An experiment on sesame intercropping system was conducted during kharif (rainy) season of 2017 on sandy loam soil (8.72 pH, 0.88 EC dS m-1), with low nitrogen (137 kg N ha-1), medium phosphorus (14.4 kg ha-1) and high potassium content (357 kg ha-1) at Agricultural Research Station, Mandor, Jodhpur in randomized block design with 3 replications. Among 7 treatments (T1 – Sole sesame, T2 – Sesame + Urdbean in 3:1, T3 – Sesame + Urdbean in 4:2, T4 – Sesame + Mungbean in 3:1, T5 – Sesame + Mungbean in 4:2, T6 – Sesame + Mothbean in 3:1, T7 – Sesame + Mothbean in 4:2 row ratio), it was found that intercropping of sesame with mungbean in ratio 3:1 resulted significantly higher total productivity and net returns (541 kg ha-1 & Rs. 18270 ha-1) over sole sesame crop (344 kg ha-1 & Rs. 6156 ha-1) followed by mungbean in 4:2 (490 kg ha-1 with net return of Rs. 15164 ha-1) being at par with urdbean in 3:1 (473 kg ha-1 with net return of Rs. 14078 ha-1). It was concluded that mungbean can be grown as a beneficial intercrop in sesame under dryland conditions of Rajasthan.

Productivity augmentation of greengram (Vigna radiata) through weed management

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. P. Singh ◽  
R. S. Yadav ◽  
Amit Kumawat ◽  
R. R. Jakhar
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Hand Weeding ◽  
Weeds Control

A field experiment was conducted at Research Farm of Agricultural Research Station, Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University, Bikaner during three consecutive kharif season of 2013, 2014 and 2015. The experiment comprising ten weeds control treatments consisting of pendamethalin 1000 g/ha (PE), imazethapyr 50g/ha (3-4 leaf stage of crop), imazethapyr 70g/ha (3-4 leaf stage of crop), pendamethalin + imazethapyr 800g/ha (PE), pendamethalin + imazethapyr 900g/ha (PE), pendamethalin + imazethapyr 1000g/ha (PE), imazethapyr + imazamox 60g/ha (3-4 leaf stage of crop), imazethapyr + imazamox 70g/ha (3-4 leaf stage of crop), 2 hand weeding at 20 and 40 DAS and weedy check in randomized block design (RBD) with three replications. Two hand weeding at 20 and 40 DAS was found most effective to control weeds in greengram and recorded lowest weed count and weed dry matter of both broad leaved and grassy weeds. It was also recorded significantly highest branches/pant, leaf area index, total chlorophyll, protein content in seed, pods/plant, seeds/pod and seed, straw and biological yield over other treatments. Among different herbicides, pendamethalin + imazethapyr 800g recorded significantly higher net returns (31350/ha) and B:C ratio (2.70).

scholarly journals Influence of Post Emergence Application of Herbicides on Growth, Yield and Economics of Dry Direct Sown Rice

2021 ◽  
pp. 158-164
Author(s):  
A. Upendra Rao ◽  
K. Madhu Kumar ◽  
V. Visalakashmi ◽  
S. Govinda Rao
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Amine Salt ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Weed Growth ◽  
Randomized Block Design

The field trial was conducted on sandy clay loam soils of agricultural research station Ragolu, A.P. India during two consecutive Kharif seasons of 2015 and 2016 .The trial was conducted in Randomized Block Design with three replications and nine treatments Viz., T1- post emergence application of Bis-pyribac sodium @ 25 g ai/ha at 20 DAS fb Amine salt of 2,4 D @ 0.58 kg ai/ha at 40 DAS; T2- post emergence application of Bis-pyribac sodium @ 25 g ai/ha at 20 DAS fb metsulfuron methyl + chlorimuron ethyl (Almix) 4 g ai/ha  at 40 DAS; T3- post émergence application Bis-pyribac sodium @ 25 g ai/ha at 20 DAS fb Ethoxysulfuron @ 20 g ai/ha  at 40DAS ; T4- post emergence application Bis-pyribac sodium @ 25 g ai/ha at 20 DAS fb  postemergence   application  of Fenoxaprop P ethyl with safenor (Rice star) @ 625ml/ha at 40 DAS ; T5- post emergence application Bis-pyribac sodium @ 25 g ai/ha at 20 DAS fb postemergence application  of Cyhalofopbutyl @100 g ai/ha + amine salt of 2,4, D @ 0.58  kg ai/ha at 40 DAS; T6- post emergence application Bis-pyribac sodium @ 25 g ai/ha at 20 DAS fb Ethoxysulfuron  @ 20 g ai/ha+ Fenoxaprop PEthyl with safenor (Rice star) @ 625ml/ha at 40 DAS; T7- Post emergece application  of Penoxulam@  25g ai/ha at 20 DAS fb amine salt of 2,4, D   @ 0.58 kg ai/ha at 40 DAS ;T8-  Two hand weedings at 20 & 40 DAS  and T9- Weedy Check. The study in dry direct sown rice on weed management by herbicides revealed that, uncontrolled weed growth in dry direct sown rice reduced the grain yield by 46 to 54 percent. Post emergence application of Bis-pyribac sodium @ 25 g ai/ha at 20 DAS  followed by Ethoxysulfuron  @ 20 g ai/ha+ Fenoxaprop P Ethyl with safenor (Rice star) @ 625 ml/ha  at 40 DAS  resulted into taller plants, maximum number of tillers/m2, The highest dry matter production at harvest, more number of panicles/m2 filled grains/panicle, 1000 grain wt, higher grain yield (82-108 %t over weedy check) Straw yield besides  higher gross returns net returns and B:C ratio  among different herbicide treatments.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Herbicides in Controlling Wild Onion (Asphodelus tenuifolius L.) in Cumin Grown under Arid Climatic Conditions

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1597
Author(s):  
Moti Lal Mehriya ◽  
Neelam Geat ◽  
Sita Ram Kumhar ◽  
Abdullah A. Alrajhi ◽  
Mohammed A. Alkuriji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Total Efficiency ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Randomized Block Design

A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of different herbicides for controlling wild onion (Asphodelus tenuifolius) in cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) during the rabi seasons (2018–2019 and 2019–2020) at Agricultural Research Station, Agriculture University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan. The experiment comprised eight herbicidal weed management treatments for wild onion applied to cumin in a three-replication randomized block design. Among the herbicidal weed management treatments, early post-emergence (8 DAS) application of oxyfluorfen 200 g/ha resulted in the lowest weed density and dry matter of Asphodilus tenuifolius, with maximum weed (Asphodilus tenuifolius) control efficiency at 40 days after sowing (DAS) during both experimental years. Likewise, the highest total efficiency of weed control was recorded with the application of oxyfluorfen 200 g/ha at 8 DAS. Oxyflourfen 200 g/ha used early post emergence (8 DAS) reduced the weed index more effectively than the other herbicides. It also recorded the highest number of branches/plant, plant height, umbels/plant, umbellates/umbel, seeds/umbellates, and seed yield. However, application of oxyflourfen @ 200 g/ha 8 DAS–early POE and pendimethalin 38.7 CS 500 g/ha + oxyfluorfen @ 150 g/ha 8 DAS–early POE were statistically similar in terms of plant growth, yield, and yield attributes. The net returns (366.49 USD/ha in 2018–2019 and 175.72 USD/ha in 2019–2020) and B:C ratio (1.70 and 1.33 in 2018–2019 and 2019–2020, respectively) were also superior, with oxyfluorfen 200 g/ha applied early post emergence.

scholarly journals Identification of Economically Viable Cropping Systems for Vertisols of Northern Telangana Zone

2020 ◽  
pp. 98-106
Author(s):  
Firdoz Shahana ◽  
M. Goverdhan ◽  
S. Sridevi ◽  
B. Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Bt Cotton ◽  
Black Gram ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Lower Productivity ◽  
Randomized Block Design

A field experiment was conducted during 2016-17 at AICRP on Integrated Farming Systems, Regional Sugarcane and Rice Research Station, Rudrur to diversify existing rice-rice cropping system with less water requiring crops under irrigated dry conditions for vertisols of Northern Telangana Zone. The experiment was laid out with twelve cropping systems as treatments in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications. The twelve combinations of cropping systems tested during kharif and rabi seasons were rice – rice (check), maize + soybean (2:4) – tomato, maize + soybean (2:4) - rice, maize - sunflower + chickpea (2:4), maize - chickpea, Bt cotton + soybean (1:2) on broadbed – sesame + groundnut (2:4), Bt cotton - sesame + blackgram (2:4), soybean – wheat, soybean – sunflower + chickpea (2:4), turmeric – sesame, turmeric + soybean (1:2) on flat bed – bajra and turmeric + soybean (1:2) on broadbed – sesame + blackgram (2:4). On system basis, significantly higher productivity in terms of rice equivalent yield (REY) of 23830 kg ha-1 was recorded with turmeric+soybean (1:2) BBF– sesame+blackgram (2:4) turmeric – sesame cropping sequence. However it was on par with turmeric – sesame and turmeric + soybean (1:2) on flat bed – bajra crop sequence with productivity of 23332 kg ha-1 and 21389 kg ha-1 respectively. Lower productivity was recorded with rice-rice cropping system (10725 kg ha-1). Significantly higher system net returns were recorded with Bt. cotton – sesame + black gram (2:4) on BBF (Rs222838 ha-1) closely followed by Bt Cotton + Soybean (1:2) (BBF) - Sesamum + Groundnut (2:4) (Rs221160 ha-1) and Maize+soybean (2:4)–tomato (Rs212909 ha-1). Lower system net returns were recorded in conventional rice-rice system (Rs88179 ha-1). Bt. cotton – sesame + black gram (2:4) and Bt Cotton + Soybean (1:2) (BBF)- Sesamum + Groundnut ((2:4) and Maize+soybean (2:4)–tomato were economically superior with REE of 152.71%, 150.81% and 141.45%. Rice- Rice cropping adopted by majority of farmers is less productive and economically inferior indicating wider scope of diversifying existing rice- rice cropping system with high productive, economically viable cropping systems in vertisols of Northern Telangana Zone.

scholarly journals Insect Control on Flue-Cured Tobacco with Systemic Insecticides, 1994

1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 258-259
Author(s):  
Paul J. Semtner ◽  
William B. Wilkinson III
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Calculated Data ◽  
Sooty Mold ◽  
Systemic Insecticides ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Extension Center ◽  
Water Treatments ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This experiment was conducted to evaluate various systemic insecticides applied as soil or transplant water treatments followed by foliar applications of Orthene for TA and TFB control on fluecured tobacco and to determine the impact of treatment on tobacco yield and price. The experiment was conducted at the VPI & SU Southern Piedmont Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Blackstone, VA. Eleven treatments and an untreated control were established in a randomized complete block design with 4 replications. Plots, 4 × 40 ft (1 row × 24 plants), were separated by single guard rows. Pretransplant soil treatments of most liquid formulations were applied broadcast with a CO2-pressurized tractor sprayer that delivered 30.4 gal/acre at 40 psi through 8003LP tips on 29 Apr (Ambient temperature, 85-89°F, soil temperature, 75°F; soil pH, 5.8; OM, 2%). Treatments were immediately incorporated by double disking. The Furadan and Temik treatments were applied during bed formation and immediately covered with 6 to 8 inches of soil on 17 May. Furadan 4F was diluted 50:50 in water and applied in a narrow stream (< 1-inch wide) in the row using a peristaltic pump. Temik was applied in a 14 inch band using a tractor mounted- Gandy granular applicator. The soil moisture was good for both the pretransplant soil and bedding treatments. ‘K-326’ flue-cured tobacco was transplanted into experimental plots in a Chesterfield-Mayodan-Bourne sandy loam soil on 18 May. A measuring cup was used to apply transplant water (TPW) treatments of Orthene and Admire in 4 fl oz/plant (204 gal/acre) at the base of each plant in the treatment plots. Virginia Cooperative Extension recommendations were followed for production of the crop. Foliar applications of Orthene and Dipel were applied on 6 Jul with a CO2-pressurized backpack sprayer that delivered 30 gal/acre through 3 TX-12 tips at 60 psi. TA populations were estimated on the upper 4 leaves of 10 plants/plot about once a week from 5 to 11 wk after transplanting. On 25 Aug, TA damage was rated on a scale of 0 to 10 where 0 = no aphid damage or sooty mold and 10 = very severe necrosis of leaves and extensive sooty mold. TFB and TFB feeding holes in the most damaged leaf were counted on 10 plants/ plot. Tobacco was harvested as it ripened, weighed, graded by a USDA/AMS inspector, and yield and price were calculated. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and significantly different means were separated by WD (K-ratio = 100). Aphid count data were transformed to Log10(x + 1) before analysis.

Effect of integrated nutrient management on physical and chemical properties of soil

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suman Meena ◽  
Narendra Swaroop ◽  
Joy Dawson
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Particle Density ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Pore Space ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Available Nitrogen ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Physical And Chemical

A field experiment was conducted during <italic>Kharif</italic> season 2014 at the Research farm of Soil Science Allahabad School of Agriculture, laid out in randomized block design on sandy loam soil, containing sand 62.71%, silt 23.10% and clay 14.19% (Inceptisols). It was observed that for post harvest soil properties in treatment N<sub>20</sub>+ FYM @ 10 t ha<sup>−1</sup> and <italic>Rhizobium</italic> P<sub>40</sub>K<sub>40</sub> were improved significantly due to integrated use of inputs. Organic carbon-0.75%, available nitrogen- 333.23 kg ha<sup>−1</sup>, phosphorus- 34.58 kg ha<sup>−1</sup>, potassium -205.83 kg ha<sup>−1</sup>, pore space -50.80 %, pH -6.80 were found to be significant and bulk density -1.07 Mgm<sup>−3</sup>, particle density -2.62 Mgm<sup>−3</sup>, EC at 27°C -0.24 dSm<sup>−1</sup> were found to be non-significantly improved in this treatment.

scholarly journals Optimization of Irrigation and Fertigation Scheduling for Sustainable Sugarcane Initiative (SSI) through Subsurface Drip Irrigation in Western Zone of Tamil Nadu

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-121
Author(s):  
M. Manikandan ◽  
G. Thiyagarajan ◽  
S. Thenmozhi ◽  
S.K. Natarajan ◽  
J. Bhuvaneswari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Climatic Zone ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Pan Evaporation ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Surface Drip Irrigation

Sustainable Sugarcane Initiative (SSI) under Sub Surface Drip Irrigation (SSDI) is gaining momentum among the farmers because of more output with less input. Even though the benefits of SSI under SSDI are realized by farmers, development of optimal irrigation and fertigation schedule is need of the hour for Western Agro-climatic zone of Tamil Nadu. Field trials were carried out at Agricultural Research Station, Bhavanisagar from 2014 to 2017 to develop an optimal irrigation and fertigation schedule for SSI for Western Agro-climatic zone. The experiment was taken in a randomized block design with three replications. The experiment consisted of eight treatments of which six treatments comprised of SSDI with three irrigation regimes of 100, 80 and 60 percent pan evaporation and two fertigation levels of 100 and 75 percent of recommended N & K and two treatments in surface drip irrigation (SDI) with 100 percent pan evaporation (PE) + 100 percent RD and 100 percent PE + 75 percent RD of N&K through fertigation. The results of this study revealed that SSDI with 60 per cent PE + 100 per cent RD of N&K through fertigation recorded lower water use (1004 mm) and higher WUE (113 kg/ha-mm). However, significantly higher and comparable yield of sugarcane (148 t/ha) was recorded in SSDI with 100 per cent PE + 100 per cent RD of N&K through fertigation and surface drip irrigation with 100 per cent PE + 100 per cent RD of N&K through fertigation. The net return (Rs. 2,09,405 per ha) and B:C ratio (2.6) was higher in SSDI with 100per cent PE + 100 per cent RD of N&K through fertigation treatment.

scholarly journals Plant Factors for Irrigating Mixed Turfgrass and Shrub Landscapes in a Humid Environment

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 322-329
Author(s):  
Tim R. Pannkuk
Keyword(s):  
Water Conservation ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Sprinkler System ◽  
Vegetative Cover ◽  
Soil Leachate ◽  
Soil Moisture Sensors ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Loam Soil

Landscape water conservation methods and techniques contribute to managing water resources. Use of reference evapotranspiration (ETo) data and landscape coefficients is one method that needs further development. Local ETo data and actual plant water use were used to calculate plant factors (PFs) for three model landscapes composed of mixtures of turfgrass and shrubs. Model landscapes using a sandy loam soil included st. augustinegrass (Stenotaphrum secundatum), privet (Ligustrum japonicum), dwarf burford holly (Ilex cornuta ‘Burfordii Nana’), and dwarf yaupon holly (Ilex vomitoria ‘Nana’) at three ratios of turfgrass to shrub vegetative cover: 80:20, 50:50, and 20:80. Soil was placed into inground lysimeters in a complete randomized block design with soil moisture sensors and a drainage system. Lysimeters were irrigated with a sprinkler system, and water was applied at a rate of 100% replacement of ETo minus precipitation. Lysimeter soil leachate was collected from the drainage system and quantified. After 2 years, the PF of 20:80 and 50:50 turfgrass/shrub combination were greater than the PF of the 80:20 combination. Plant factors for the 80:20, 50:50, and 20:80 turfgrass:shrub combinations were 0.68, 0.97, and 1.01, respectively. There were no seasonal differences in PFs. Total growing season leachate depth over 2 years was 63.4, 30.7, and 12.6 mm for 80:20, 50:50, and 20:80, respectively. Further work on PFs should include other plant combinations, and evaluation in other climatic zones.

scholarly journals Multivariate Analysis Of Divergence In Advanced Lines Of Mustard (Brassica spp)

1970 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
MA Zaman ◽  
M Tuhina-Khatun ◽  
MZ Ullah ◽  
M Moniruzzamn ◽  
MZ Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Brassica Spp ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
Total Divergence

A field experiment was conducted comprising eighteen advanced lines of mustard in a randomized block design with three replication at Regional Agricultural Research Station, BARI, Hathazari, Chittagong during Rabi season (December 2009 to April 2010) for estimation of divergence among advanced lines of mustard. The genotypes were grouped into four clusters. Cluster I contained the highest number of genotypes (6) and the cluster III contained the lowest (3). The inter-cluster distances in all cases were larger than the intra-cluster distance which indicated that wider diversity was present among the genotypes of distant grouped. The highest intra cluster distance was observed in cluster II and the lowest in I. The highest inter cluster distance was observed between the cluster III and II followed by III and I and the lowest between cluster IV and III. Days to 50% flowering (81.94%), days to maturity (8.24%), plant height (5.82%), branches per plant (1.91%) and siliquae per plant (1.17%) contributed maximum towards the total divergence which suggested that these characters were highly responsible for genetic divergence in the present materials. But the highest cluster means for primary branches per plant and maximum seeds per siliquae with minimum seed yield per plant were obtained from the cluster II. The genotypes from cluster I had dwarf plant along with earliness in days to 50% flowering, days to maturity and maximum number of primary branches per plant. Therefore, the genotypes from cluster I and III could be utilized in the hybridization programme for getting desirable transgressive segregants and high heterotic response due to getting maximum yield along with short duration.   Key words: Multivariate analysis; Divergence; MustardDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpbg.v23i2.9322 Bangladesh J. Pl. Breed. Genet., 23(2): 29-34, 2010

scholarly journals Genetic Divergence in Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L)

1970 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
MA Zaman ◽  
M Tuhina-Khatun ◽  
M Moniruzzaman ◽  
MN Yousuf
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
Moderate Yield

Comprising 34 groundnut genotypes an experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with three replication at the Research farm of Regional Agricultural Research Station, BARI, Hathazari, Chittagong during Rabi season (December 2009 to April 2010) for estimation of the multivariate analysis of divergence. The genotypes were grouped into five clusters. Cluster III contained the highest number of genotypes (12) and the cluster II contained the lowest (2). The inter-cluster distances in all cases were larger than the intra-cluster distance which indicated that wider diversity is present among the genotypes of distant grouped. The highest intra cluster distance was observed in cluster V and the lowest in II. The highest inter cluster distance was observed between the cluster IV and III followed by V and III and the lowest between cluster V and I. Days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, number of branches per plant, number of matured nuts per plant and karnel size were the most important contributors based on the latent vector. But the highest cluster means for matured nuts per plant, 100 karnel weight, 100 nuts weight and yield per plant were obtained from the cluster II. With moderate yield but early maturity varieties were found in cluster IV. Therefore, more emphasis should be given on cluster VI for selecting genotypes as parents for crossing with the genotypes of cluster II and III for getting new recombinants with early maturity and higher yield.   Key Words: Genetic divergence; cluster analysis; D2 analysis; groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L) DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpbg.v23i1.9317 BJPBG 2010; 23(1): 45-49

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