scholarly journals Composting of Calotropis Gigantea Leaves Using Mix Dung of Buffalo, Cow, Goat and Sheep

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 1044-1047
Author(s):  
Mayur Shah ◽  
Devang Upadhyay ◽  
Prateek Shilpkar
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Monthly Interval ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Calotropis Gigantea ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Buffalo Cow

Under shed at Biogas Research and Extension Centre, Gujarat Vidyapith, Sadara, District- Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India, a composting pit was prepared by bricks and filled with mixture of 10 kg dung (2.5 kg each of cow, buffalo, sheep and goat) and 2 kg leaves of Calotropis gigantea. The mixture was well mixed at 15 days interval and samples were analysed for various physico-chemical properties at monthly interval of composting upto 90 days. Results show that compared to values of various physico-chemical parameters before composting the values of available phosphorus, available potassium and total nitrogen increased by 2.89, 2.18 and 3.15 times whereas content of pH, electrical conductivity, chloride, total organic carbon and ratio of C:N decreased by 1.12, 4.13, 2.68, 2.38 and 8.13 times after composting. The study highlights the conversion of leaves of C. gigantea into valuable compost.

scholarly journals Composting of Calotropis gigantea Leaves In Presence of Sheep Dung

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 281-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayur Shah ◽  
Jaldip Kansara ◽  
Prateek Shilpkar
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Calotropis Gigantea ◽  
Almost Everywhere ◽  
Plant Grown ◽  
Economic Use

Calotropis gigantea is a plant grown almost everywhere and has no economic use. Leaves of Calotropis gigantea plants were composted with sheep dung. Composting conditions were maintained and samples were withdrawn at 30, 60 and 90 days of composting and analysed for pH, electrical conductivity, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl1-, total organic carbon, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium. Results show that contents of these parameters changes with time and at 90 days nutrient rich compost is obtained with decreased concentration of chloride.

scholarly journals Effect of Herbicides Application on Soil Physico-chemical Properties and Performance of Maize in Sudan Savanna Zone of Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 47-58
Author(s):  
G. Omar ◽  
B. Tasi’u
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Soil Reaction ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Sudan Savanna

A multi-locational field trial was conducted at two locations (Orchard of the Bayero University Gezawa village in Gezawa Local Government area) in the Sudan savanna zone of Nigeria to investigate the effect of applications of paraquat and atrazine herbicides on soil physico-chemical properties and maize performance. Pre-planting and plot-by-plot soil samples was taken 24 hours after herbicides application, vegetative growth period, reproductive stage and at harvest were taken and subjected to routine analyses using standard laboratory methods. Crop growth and yield characters were measured using standard methods. The experiment consisted of 7 treatments laid out in a randomized complete block design replicated 3 times. Results indicated highly significant differences between the locations in the content of the sand, silt and clay separates but no significant differences were observed between the treatments. There were highly significant variations in soil reaction, electrical conductivity, organic carbon, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and all the exchangeable bases, except calcium at both locations. Soil reaction, electrical conductivity, organic carbon, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium and cation exchange capacity showed no significant differences with all the treatments across the locations. Electrical conductivity, organic carbon, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and sodium were low across the locations but were higher at Bayero University Kano. The soils at both locations were generally acid. Thus, the soils at both locations were non-saline and non-sodic. Only the yield varied with the treatments. The highest yield was obtained at Bayero University Kano. Application of the highest treatment (4 kg/ha Atrazine + 4 kg/ha Paraquat was associated with high sand content and strong soil acidity). Combined application of 3 kg/ha Atrazine + 3 kg/a Paraquat was associated with low total nitrogen and exchangeable potassium and with the highest yield of maize. Application of Atrazine at 3 kg/ha corresponded with low organic carbon and low leaf area. Paraquat applied at 4 kg/ha was associated with very low concentration of exchangeable Na and moderate concentration of available P. Combined application of paraquat at 4 kg/ha was associated with low cation exchange capacity. Combined application of 3 kg/ha atrazine and 3 kg/ha paraquat is recommended for higher maize yield. Integrated soil fertility management is recommended in the study areas.

scholarly journals Physico-chemical Parameters of Honey From Melipona mondury Smith, 1863 (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponini)

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rogério Marcos de Oliveira Alves ◽  
Jacqueline Lemos Viana ◽  
Henrique de Abreu Cerqueira Sousa ◽  
Ana Maria Waldschmidt
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Water Activity ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Technical Regulation ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Physico Chemical

The physico-chemical properties of honey produced by the stingless bee Melipona mondury from Atlantic Forest in the state of Bahia, northeastern Brazil were evaluated. The evaluated characteristics included: water content, electrical conductivity, pH, acidity, water activity, ashes, diastase, hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), reducing sugars and saccharose values. The honey samples showed mean values of 29.18% for moisture; 391.5 μS for electrical conductivity; pH of 4.06; 34.3 meq kg-1 for acidity; 0.73 for water activity; 0.18% for ashes; 4.05 (Goethe unit) for diastase; 1.60% for HMF; 65.42% for reducing sugars; and 2.14% of saccharose. Only the diastase activity was above the limits accepted by the Technical Regulation for Identity and Quality of Honey (Brazilian Ministry of Agriculture and Supplies). Most parameters are according to those reported in honeys from other species of stingless bees in Brazil.

Physico-chemical and hydrological properties of soilless substrates

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 700-704
Author(s):  
Anbarasu Mariyappillai ◽  
◽  
Gurusamy Arumugam ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Particle Density ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Aim: To evaluate the physico-chemical and hydrological characteristics of cocopith, perlite, vermicullite, vermicompost, sand, rice husk, paddy straw, saw dust and rock wool for using them as substrates for soilless agriculture. Methodology: The soilless substrates were initially evaluated for pH and EC, and then estimated for total organic carbon by dry combustion method, total nitrogen by Kjeldahl digestion method, potassium by atomic absorption and phosphorus by colorimetric method. The hydrological properties of substrates were estimated by Keen - Rackzowski box method. Results: The desirable level of physical properties of bulk density (0.47 gm cm-3), particle density (0.63 gm cm-3), total porosity (75.81%) and chemical properties of pH (6.23), EC (5.02 dS m-1), total organic carbon (36.39 %), and other properties were noticed under cocopith. The maximum level of water holding capacity (769.30 %) and volume of expansion (185.78 %) was registered by cocopith. Interpretation: Cocopith has favourable hydrological properties with desirable level of physical and chemical properties, which makes it the best medium for soilless agriculture. Coconut fiber is a characteristic natural fiber from the external husk of coconut and its extraction process also without polluting nature.

scholarly journals Dynamics of the Physico-chemical Properties of Sediments along the Bandama River in the Department of Niakaramadougou, Northern Côte d’Ivoire

2019 ◽  
pp. 739-750
Author(s):  
N’Doufou Gnosseith Huberson Claver ◽  
Kouadio Koffi Hypolithe ◽  
De Lasm Omer Zephir ◽  
Zogoury Eddie Constant Fabrice
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Statistical Analyses ◽  
The Other ◽  
Eastern Shore ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Sediment Analysis ◽  
Granulometric Analysis ◽  
Physico Chemical

This work focuses on analyzing of physico-chemical properties of sediment affected by frequent floods along the eastern shore of the Bandama River in the department of Niakaramadougou. Sampling was from 4 excavated graves at two positions of studied area, one near the stream and the other one far away from the stream.. Samples collected were analyzed, including texture with granulometric analysis made by the Robinson pipette, and standard sediment analysis methods for measuring organic carbon (OC), nitrogen (N), and other chemical properties including pH, organic matter (OM), and C/N ratio. Statistical analyses were carried out to assess the differences between the physico-chemical parameters at different sampling areas. Differences are significant when comparing areas that are highly affected by floods and areas that are less affected by floods, especially for concentrations of OM, OC and nitrogen. Results show that successive floods are influencing directly the dynamic of physico-chemical properties of the sediments along the shore.

scholarly journals Assessment of Physico-chemical Parameters and Nutrient Availability in Soils of Arvi and Karanja Blocks of Wardha district, Maharashtra

Agropedology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aliza Pradhan ◽  
◽  
Mahesh Maske ◽  
Manoj Sayre ◽  
Mahesh Sadatpure ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Manganese Content ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The physical and chemical properties of the soil governs the kand productivity The present study focuses on soil properties and nutrient indices of soils in five different villages of Arvi and Karanja blocks of Wardha district, Maharashtra. A research programme on Leveraging Agriculture for Nutrition in South Asia (LANSA) through framing system is in progress in these villages. The soils of the site are slightly acidic to alkaline, medium to high in organic carbon, deficient in nitrogen, phosphorus and zinc, medium in iron content and sufficient in potassium, copper and manganese content.

scholarly journals Some Physico-chemical Properties of the Habitat of West African Manatee Trichichus senegalensis along River Benue, Nigeria.

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Micheal Iwar ◽  
P O Egwumah ◽  
S. O. Olufeagba
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Continuous Monitoring ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Biological Oxygen Demand ◽  
West African ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Total Dissolved Solid

Some physico-Chemical parameters of Manatee habitat along river Benue were conducted. The river was divided into four segments;  Makurdi, Abinsi, Gbajimba and Gbaji. In each srgment, ten (10) sample points were chosen and the following parameters ; Temperature, dissolved solid (D0), pH, Total dissolved solid,(TDS) Electrical conductivity (EC) and Biological oxygen demand (BOD) were measured. Data collected was subjected to statistical analysis.  The result indicated that there were significant differences in the pH, Electrical conductivity, and Biological oxygen demand (BOD) among the four study areas. The mean pH ranged between 6.94 to 7.09, EC ranged between 47.76 µs/cm -55.91 µs/, dissolved oxygen was between 15.82Mg/L in Makurdi to 18.50Mg/L in Abinsi, mean Temperature moved between 29.27oC in Makurdi to 34.33oC in Gbaji, the total dissolved solids ranged from 44.46 Mg/l in Abinsi to 56.74Mg/L in Gbajimba while Biological Oxygen demand (BOD) was least at Gbajimba( 3.03 Mg/L) and  Makurdi with 5.49Mg/L It is therefore suggested that continuous monitoring of the water health of the river be sustained for the survival of the west African manatee.

scholarly journals Characterization of Humic Acid and Fulvic Acid Extracted from Soil Samples of Cultivated Areas of North Bengal and Sikkim States, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-66
Author(s):  
M. Chanda ◽  
S. Jha ◽  
D. Mukhopadhyay ◽  
M. Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Fulvic Acid ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Chemical Studies ◽  
Measurement Surface ◽  
North Bengal

Humic acid and fulvic acid extracted from soils of cultivated areas, collected from Majitar, Darjeeling and Pundibari cities were first isolated, purified and then characterized for the physico-chemical properties (oxidizable organic carbon, electrical conductivity, pH, phosphorus, nitrogen, potassium, CEC, etc.). The physico-chemical studies showed that soils were neutral to acidic but are independent of altitude. Organic carbon, available phosphorus, nitrogen were higher with soil of Majitar city. The total acidity, carboxylic group, phenolic -OH group were higher in fulvic acid than in humic acid. Further, both acids were characterized by potentiometric titration, viscometric measurement, surface tension and spectral analysis. The humification index (E4/E6) of fulvic acid was relatively higher than humic acid. The highest molecular weight of humic acid and fulvic acid were recorded 13645.83 and 1465.54, respectively.

scholarly journals Dynamics of Sediment Organic Matter along Bandama River in the Department of Sinématiali, Northern Côte d’Ivoire

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
N’doufou Gnosseith Huberson Claver ◽  
Kouadio Koffi Hypolithe ◽  
Nangah Krogba Yves ◽  
Tra Bi Djè Frederic
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Surface Sediments ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Total Organic Matter ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
Aggregation Analysis ◽  
Periodic Flooding

This study examines the distribution of organic matter in areas affected by frequent floods along the east bank of the Bandama River in the department of Sinématiali. The sites sampled are defined by two zones, one near the stream and one far from the stream. Samples collected were analyzed, including for texture with aggregation analysis by the Robinson pipette, and standard sediment analysis methods for measuring organic carbon (CO), nitrogen (N), and organic matter (MO). Statistical analyzes were carried out to assess the differences between the physico-chemical parameters of the different sampling areas. Results show that sediment from the various study sites has a sando-limonous to limono-clay texture. Total organic matter levels are higher in surface sediments that contain the lowest proportions of clay. Rates range from 31.98 gkg-1 to 38.98 gkg-1. In depth, the rates obtained are very low and range from 6.3 gkg-1 to 8.193 gkg-1. The low rates recorded in depth are reported to be related to leaching caused by periodic flooding. These results show that successive floods have a direct effect on the dynamics of the physico-chemical properties of the sediments along the shore.

scholarly journals Impact of Irrigational Runoff on Fish Biodiversity in River Ngadda, Maiduguri – Borno State

2021 ◽  
pp. 3981-3988
Author(s):  
Mathias Nzitiri Bwala
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Total Suspended Solids ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Dissolved Solids ◽  
Fish Biodiversity ◽  
Physico Chemical

Irrigation is a dry season agricultural activity that was known to man for centuries. Agricultural runoff has been identified as the major nonpoint sources of pollution into surface waterbodies which changes the physico – chemical parameters thereby impacting on the biodiversity of such ecosystem. River Ngadda receives pollutants from the irrigational sites along the river bank. The study was aimed at assessing the impact of irrigation on fish biodiversity in river Ngadda, Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria. The objectives of the study were to determine the physico – chemical parameters and examine the fish biodiversity of the river. The river was divided into 4 sampling Stations. Water samples was collected biweekly for the period of 6 months from 4 sampling stations. The physico – chemical qualities (total nitrogen (TN), ammonium (NH4+), total phosphorus (TP), total organic carbon (TOC), total dissolved solids (TDS), turbidity (Tur) and total suspended solids (TSS) were determined using standard methods. Capture and recapture method was employed to determine the relative abundance of fish species using Lincoln index. The mean Total Nitrogen (TN) ranges from 5.02 mg/L – 8.31mg/L, mean ammonium (NH4+) ranges from 0.93mg/L – 2.01, mean Total phosphorous (TP) ranges from 0.07mg/L – 1.81mg/L. mean Total Organic Carbon (TOC) ranges 5.87mg/L – 7.45mg/L, mean Turbidity (Tur) ranges from 27mg/L – 31mg/L, mean Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) ranges 198NTU – 298NTU, mean Total Suspended Solids ranges from 34mg/L – 47mg/L and mean surface water Temperature ranges from 26°C – 28°C. A total of 4 families and 10 species of fishes were identified in the sampling stations.

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