The New Method for Increasing the Genetic Potential in a Nucleus of Romanian Buffaloes, by Unicornual Artificial Insemination with Sexed Semen, after Stimulation with OvSynch Protocol

Although artificial insemination can mean a slow and progressive improvement of animal genetics, in buffalo-cow its practical application is difficult the results are incomparably lower then cattle. The purpose of this article is to develop a new methodology, a well-known technique to make AI biotechnology more applicable to the buffalo, in order to improve the conception rate. The protocol we follow is to stimulate hormonal ovarian activity, inducing the dominant follicle, causing ovulation and scheduling the moment of sexed artificial insemination deep in the uterine horn only ipsilateral to the ovary that will ovulate. The experiment was performed on 40 primiparous buffaloes-cows in two groups for AI separated by two bulls whit 2 Millions female sperm straws. The groups was compiled after a thorough gynecological examination, and subsequently the OvSynch therapeutic protocol was started. The results were 82,5% buffaloes (33/40) had dominant follicle (DF) and inseminated, on hot/cold seasons the distribution was 75%vs90%. The conception rate was 63,6% (21/33), on hot/cold seasons 60%vs66,6%, and after calving 92.5% (20/21) female cattle were obtained. Thus, by implementing UcFTAI protocol, we state that the goal of increasing the genetic potential of CIB by becomes achievable and can be extended to a larger scale. Our Improved Protocol (UcFTAI) aims to reduce waste and maximize OvSynch hormone therapy.

Future Milk Production Prospects in India for Various Animal Species using Time Series Models

Background: The Indian dairy industry is contributing significantly to the country’s economic growth. Since the variations in milk production will be a huge matter for dairy products as well as for farmers, investors and policymakers in the country, an accurate forecast of milk production is extremely very important. Methods: This study represents an ARIMA modelling approach for forecasting the milk production in India and milk production by five major milk producing animal species namely, Cow, Buffalo, Goat, Sheep and Camel by using annual data from 1961 to 2018. ARIMA (0,2,1) model was selected as the best model in forecasting milk production in India. Result: There will be an increment in the overall milk production in India according to the study. Further, there will be an increase in buffalo, cow and goat milk production while a decrease in milk production by camels and sheep.

FARMER'S KNOWLEDGE AND ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF USING OF Chloris gayana GRASS AS BUFFALO FEED IN PASTORAL LAND

The research objective was to obtain information about the knowledge of farmers towards Chloris gayana grass and economic feasibility of buffalo farming and farmer level as a first step for further activities. The study was conducted in the village Mekarsari Cibadak Subdistrict Lebak District of Banten Province, with a survey method in 2016, using questionaire and interviews to 20 farmers. Primary data were obtained from the farmer and secondary data obtained from the local Office. The collected data were tabulated and analyzed descriptively, quantitatively and economically. In male buffalo rearing, farmer’s profit was able to reach Rp3.170.000,-/head, with B/C ratio was 1.06. While buffalo cow-calf operation gave profit as Rp4.630.000,-/head, with B/C ratio was 1.06. It seems that keeping buffalo to produce meat was more porfitable compared to cow-calf operation. It resulted the development of bufallo in Kampung Curug Mekar Sari village Cibadak District of Lebak, Banten was slow. Planting Chloris gayana grass can support farmer and increase the economic scale of buffalo farmers.

‘Sapi perah’ or ‘kuda beban’: Cultural Values in Indonesian Proverbs Associated with Horse, Cow, Buffalo and Donkey

<p>Proverbs, a short well-known saying in figures of speech or symbolism, seem to have stood the test of ages for their usefulness in modern society. Proverbs have been found to serve people well as a significant rhetoric force in both oral and written communication, from friendly chats, powerful political speeches, and religious sermons to lyrical poetry, best-seller novels, and the influential mass media (Mieder, 2004). Proverbs reveal an awareness of the human condition and human flaws that make their distant voices ring with clarity, humor, wit, and insight (Barajaz, 2010). This paper reported a study of cultural values Indonesian proverbs associated with horse, buffalo, cow and donkey. The purpose is to identify how these animals are culturally perceived and used in transferring wisdom, acceptable and favourable manners and moral conducts. The data comprise 80 Indonesian proverbs using any of the four animals in their expressions, gathered from various printed and electronic sources. The study found that proverbs using these four animals are used to show both positive and negative human attitudes. Positively, they illustrate the values of self-motivation, hard-work and devotion to duty, truthfulness, dependability, well-adjustment, fairness and justice. Negatively, they exemplify foolishness, arrogance, hypocritical attitude, inherent wickedness, unfavorable attitude towards opposite sex, over-excitement and being in a dilemmatic situation. The study shows that such values have been orally taught and transferred within the context of familiar daily objects and situations in the chiefly agricultural cultures. The proverbs mainly function to convey advice on acceptable attitudes, manners, and moral conducts.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong><em>figurative language, Indonesian proverbs, cultural values</em></p>

Composting of Calotropis Gigantea Leaves Using Mix Dung of Buffalo, Cow, Goat and Sheep

Under shed at Biogas Research and Extension Centre, Gujarat Vidyapith, Sadara, District- Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India, a composting pit was prepared by bricks and filled with mixture of 10 kg dung (2.5 kg each of cow, buffalo, sheep and goat) and 2 kg leaves of Calotropis gigantea. The mixture was well mixed at 15 days interval and samples were analysed for various physico-chemical properties at monthly interval of composting upto 90 days. Results show that compared to values of various physico-chemical parameters before composting the values of available phosphorus, available potassium and total nitrogen increased by 2.89, 2.18 and 3.15 times whereas content of pH, electrical conductivity, chloride, total organic carbon and ratio of C:N decreased by 1.12, 4.13, 2.68, 2.38 and 8.13 times after composting. The study highlights the conversion of leaves of C. gigantea into valuable compost.