scholarly journals Rationale for the Role and Importance of Short-Haul Shipping for Port Development

2021 ◽  
pp. 84-89
Author(s):  
S. Gusakov ◽  
◽  
A. Kravchenko ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Short Distance ◽  
Economies Of Scale ◽  
Road Networks ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Short Sea Shipping ◽  
Inland Waterways ◽  
Sea Transportation

Short Sea Shipping involves the transport of goods and passengers using watercraft over a limited distance and without crossing the ocean. A direct competitor to land transport, it uses ports and inland waterways to complement traditional transport systems to increase capacity, increase flexibility and achieve sustainable transport mobility. The short haul category does not have an official and universally recognized definition. However, several attempts have been made to establish its boundaries and come up with a definition that accurately reflects the content. The definition given by the European Commission: "The movement of goods and passengers by sea between ports located geographically in Europe, or between ports located in non-European countries with coasts on closed seas and bordering Europe" is widely used today. A deep understanding of the serious socio-economic and environmental impacts of road transport operations compels policymakers at different institutional levels (e.g. local, national and regional) to act accordingly and introduce a range of targeted policy frameworks, strategies and interventions to support the broader development and exploitation of others. modes of transport (i.e. rail, inland waterways), thus helping to unload road networks, thus realizing significant improvements in terms of air quality, road safety, and so on. Taking into account the geographic characteristics of the main trading regions of the world, as well as the priorities set by the relevant government authorities, and funds (both public and private) allocated for infrastructure projects, railways, short-distance shipping and inland waterways were considered with a view to establishing additional opportunities to ensure dynamic growth. So, sea transportation over short distances competes with land transport. First of all, they have a geographic advantage, the sea offers more route options and more flexibility for ships. Another benefit concerns economies of scale. Environmental sustainability is the main benefit of short sea shipping. It also has a lower carbon footprint per tonnekilometer than trucks. In addition, maritime transport offers various social benefits. Unloading of road networks is carried out by transferring traffic from land to sea. Ensuring the further development of ports provides for a more detailed study of such a segment as short-distance sea transportation.

scholarly journals Power unit-cargo space link in transport

2005 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoran Radmilovic ◽  
Branislav Dragovic ◽  
Vladislav Maras
Keyword(s):  
Power Unit ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Flexible Link ◽  
Railroad Transport ◽  
Inland Waterways ◽  
Rigid Link ◽  
Inland Waterway

This paper deals with transportation technology regarding links between power unit and cargo space. These links can be divided into two groups: rigid and flexible. Rigid link, established between power unit and cargo space, is dominant in maritime and road transport (sea ships and trucks), and occasionally in transport on inland waterways (self- propelled barges). Flexible link is used in the railroad transport (systems with trailers and semi trailers), and in inland waterway transport (push - towing and pulling systems, and combinations of the systems). The main goal of this research is determination of possible link types and organization of the means of transportation.

scholarly journals A Theoretical Model with Which to Safely Optimize the Configuration of Hydraulic Suspension of Modular Trailers in Special Road Transport

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 305
Author(s):  
Rubén Escribano-García ◽  
Marina Corral-Bobadilla ◽  
Fátima Somovilla-Gómez ◽  
Rubén Lostado-Lorza ◽  
Ash Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Optimization Algorithm ◽  
Hydraulic Cylinder ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Automatic Testing ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
The Road ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
On The Road

The dimensions and weight of machines, structures, and components that need to be transported safely by road are growing constantly. One of the safest and most widely used transport systems on the road today due to their versatility and configuration are modular trailers. These trailers have hydraulic pendulum axles that are that are attached in pairs to the rigid platform above. In turn, these modular trailers are subject to limitations on the load that each axle carries, the tipping angle, and the oil pressure of the suspension system in order to guarantee safe transport by road. Optimizing the configuration of these modular trailers accurately and safely is a complex task. Factors to be considered include the load’s characteristics, the trailer’s mechanical properties, and road route conditions including the road’s slope and camber, precipitation and direction, and force of the wind. This paper presents a theoretical model that can be used for the optimal configuration of hydraulic cylinder suspension of special transport by road using modular trailers. It considers the previously mentioned factors and guarantees the safe stability of road transport. The proposed model was validated experimentally by placing a nacelle wind turbine at different points within a modular trailer. The weight of the wind turbine was 42,500 kg and its dimensions were 5133 × 2650 × 2975 mm. Once the proposed model was validated, an optimization algorithm was employed to find the optimal center of gravity for load, number of trailers, number of axles, oil pressures, and hydraulic configuration. The optimization algorithm was based on the iterative and automatic testing of the proposed model for different positions on the trailer and different hydraulic configurations. The optimization algorithm was tested with a cylindrical tank that weighed 108,500 kg and had dimensions of 19,500 × 3200 × 2500 mm. The results showed that the proposed model and optimization algorithm could safely optimize the configuration of the hydraulic suspension of modular trailers in special road transport, increase the accuracy and reliability of the calculation of the load configuration, save time, simplify the calculation process, and be easily implemented.

scholarly journals Capacity in municipalities: Infrastructures, maintenance debts and ways of overcoming a run-to-failure mentality

2021 ◽  
pp. 026909422110304
Author(s):  
Jens Alm ◽  
Alexander Paulsson ◽  
Robert Jonsson
Keyword(s):  
Economies Of Scale ◽  
Heavy Traffic ◽  
Road Networks ◽  
Large Degree ◽  
Welfare States ◽  
The Road ◽  
Technical Capacity ◽  
Multidimensional Concept ◽  
Sewage Systems ◽  
Road Segments

There is a growing maintenance debt of ageing and critical infrastructures in many municipalities in European welfare states. In this article, we use the multidimensional concept of local capacity as a point of departure to analyse how and in what ways Swedish municipalities work with the routine maintenance of infrastructures, including municipal road networks as well as water and sewage systems. For the road networks, maintenance is generally outsourced to contractors and there is also a large degree of tolerance for various standards on different road segments within and between the municipalities. Less used road segments are not as prioritised as those with heavy traffic. For the water and sewage systems, in-house technical capacity is needed as differences in water quality are not tolerated. Economies of scale mean that in-house capacity is translated into the creation of inter-municipal bodies. As different forms of capacities tend to reinforce each other, municipal capacity builds up over time in circular movements. These results add knowledge to current research by pointing to the ways municipalities are overcoming a run-to-failure mentality by building capacity to pay off the infrastructural maintenance debt.

scholarly journals Sustainable Transport in the Danube Region

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 6797
Author(s):  
Peter Mako ◽  
Andrej Dávid ◽  
Patrik Böhm ◽  
Sorin Savu
Keyword(s):  
Water Transport ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Main Question ◽  
Inland Water ◽  
Danube Region ◽  
Inland Water Transport

Sustainability of transport systems is a key issue in transport. The main question is whether high levels of road and railway transport in areas along navigable waterways is an effective solution for this issue. The Danube waterway is an example. Generally, it is not observed that traffic performance is not as high as on the Rhine. This paper deals with the revelation of the available capacity of this waterway based on approximation functions and their comparison with real transport performances. This methodology points to the level of use of waterways. The connection of this model with the production of fossil fuels creates a basis for a case study. The case study in this paper offers a possibility for a sustainable and environmentally friendly transition from road transport to inland water transport on the example of specific transport routes. The main contribution of this paper is a presentation of the application of sustainable models of use transport capacity to increase the share of environmentally friendly and sustainable inland water transport. The conclusion based on the case study and materials is that the available capacity of inland water transport on the Danube could support the transition of traffic performances to sustainable and environmentally friendly means of transport.

scholarly journals Probabilistic Assessment of Road Risks for Improving Logistics Processes

2018 ◽  
Vol 183 ◽  
pp. 01003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelaziz Lakehal ◽  
Fouad Tachi
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Network ◽  
Utility Function ◽  
Short Distance ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Logistic Function ◽  
Probabilistic Assessment ◽  
Influence Diagram ◽  
Intermodal Transport ◽  
Transport Function ◽  
Control Actions

The Intermodal transport represents a solution, which has proved its effectiveness, for the supply of the various logistic platforms. Road transport is also one of the means of transport used in the logistic function and is the most common. This type of transport is especially recommended for medium and short distance journeys. Transport is an important link in the logistical chain. Several constraints accompany this transport function such as: delays, flexibility, diversity of merchandise, and road risks. To identify this last problem of road risk and to minimize its influence, a Bayesian network has been developed in this paper. Through experts’ surveys and research in the literature, the various risks were identified. The structure of the Bayesian network is defined on the basis of this census. The network settings vary from one situation to another. The exploitation of statistics and historical files of the transport company has allowed to define the parameters (probabilities) given in the example studied in this paper. To prevent risks and anticipate failures in the logistics function, while optimizing a utility function, an influence diagram was used. This tool has provided the ability to control actions and make decisions safely. An example of merchandise transport between two port companies has shown promising results and better efficiency in the anticipation of actions.

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