Calf jackets: a review of science and practice

Livestock ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 284-290
Author(s):  
Jamie Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stress ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Trial Data ◽  
Cold Period ◽  
Ideal World ◽  
Thermoneutral Zone ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Ideal

In the ideal world in which we do not live, where all births are easy, all nutrition balanced, and environmental conditions clean and without thermal stress, calf jackets would never be needed. In reality, however, calves — particularly those born in the winter months in the UK — will likely fall below their thermoneutral zone, requiring a solution. While some added insulation for a cold period might have positive physiological responses, trial data on the value of calf jackets do not often show clear benefits, despite the confidence of some UK producers that they produce benefits for their farms. There are also concerns about the extent of effective hygiene routinely applied to jackets. This article presents and discusses literature related to calf jacket use, and suggests protocols for safe use.

Byron and Romantic Concepts of Inspiration

Romanticism ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-189
Author(s):  
Rolf Lessenich
Keyword(s):  
Romantic Period ◽  
Romantic Irony ◽  
Social Distinction ◽  
Ideal World ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Ideal

Though treated marginally in histories of philosophy and criticism, Byron was deeply involved in Romantic-Period controversies. In that post-Enlightenment, science-orientated age, the Platonic-Romantic concept of inspiration as divine afflatus linking the prophet-priest-poet with the ideal world beyond was no longer tenable without an admixture of doubt that turned religion into myth. As a seriously-minded Romantic sceptic in the Pyrrhonian tradition and commuter between the genres of sensibility and satire, Byron often refers to the prophet-poet concept, acting it out in pre-Decadent poses of inspiration, yet undercutting it with his typical Romantic Irony. In contrast to Goethe, who insisted on an inspired poet's sanity, he saw inspiration both as a social distinction and as a pathological norm deviation. The more imaginative and poetical the creation, the more insane is the poet's mind; the more realistic and prosaic, the more compos it is, though an active poet is never quite sane in the sense of Coleridge's ‘depression’, meaning his non-visitation by his ‘shaping spirit of imagination’.

scholarly journals Early life thermal stress modulates hepatic expression of thermotolerance related genes and physiological responses in two rabbit breeds

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 736-748
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Madkour ◽  
Mohamad M. Aboelenin ◽  
Waleid M. E. Shakweer ◽  
Saleh Alfarraj ◽  
Sulaiman Ali Alharbi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stress ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Hepatic Expression

Variations in physiological responses to thermal stress in congeneric limpets in the Mediterranean Sea

2014 ◽  
Vol 456 ◽  
pp. 34-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Prusina ◽  
Gianluca Sarà ◽  
Maurizio De Pirro ◽  
Yun-Wei Dong ◽  
Guo-Dong Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stress ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
The Mediterranean

scholarly journals The Reality of Moral Imperatives in Liberal Religion

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-335
Author(s):  
Howard Lesnick
Keyword(s):  
Ideal World ◽  
Liberal Religion ◽  
The World ◽  
Moral Universe ◽  
Child Subject ◽  
Good And Evil ◽  
The Ideal

God has made man with the instinctive love of justice in him,which gradually gets developed in the world …. I do not pretendto understand the moral universe; the arc is a long one, my eyereaches but little ways; I cannot calculate the curve and completethe figure by the experience of sight; I can divine it by conscience.And from what I see I am sure it bends towards justice.Theodore Parker (1853)A strange mystery it is that Nature, omnipotent but blind, in therevolutions of her … hurryings through the abysses of space, hasbrought forth at last a child, subject still to her power, but giftedwith sight, with knowledge of good and evil, with the capacity ofjudging all the works of his unthinking mother. [Gradually, asmorality grows bolder, the claim of the ideal world begins to befelt, [giving rise to the claim] that, in some hidden manner, theworld of fact is really harmonious with the world of ideals. Thusman creates God, all-powerful and all-good, the mystic unity ofwhat is and what should be.

Wetting and the physiological responses of grain-fed cattle in a heated environment

2004 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 253 ◽  
Author(s):  
John B. Gaughan ◽  
M. Shane Davis ◽  
Terry L. Mader
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Metabolic Responses ◽  
Hot Days ◽  
Carry Over

A controlled crossover experimental design was used to determine the effect of altered water sprinkling duration on heifers subjected to heat stress conditions. Heifers were subjected to 3 days of thermoneutral conditions followed by 3 days of hot conditions accompanied by water sprinkling between 1300 and 1500 h (HOT1–3). Then on the following 2 days (HOT4–5), environmental conditions remained similar, but 3 heifers were sprinkled between 1200 and 1600 h (WET) and 3 were not sprinkled (NONWET). This was followed by a 1-day period (HOT6) in which environmental conditions and sprinkling regimen were similar to HOT1–3. Rectal temperature (RT) was collected hourly, and respiration rate (RR) was monitored every 2 h on HOT Days 2, 4, 5, and 6. Dry matter intake and rate of eating were also determined. Sprinkling reduced RR and RT (P < 0.01) of all heifers during HOT1–3. During HOT4–5, WET heifers had lower (P < 0.05) RT than NONWET from 1300 to 700 h and lower RR from 1400 to 2000 h. Dry matter intake of NONWET heifers was reduced by 30.6% (P < 0.05) during HOT4–5 and by 51.2% on HOT6. On HOT4–5 the dry matter intakes of WET heifers were similar to intakes under thermoneutral conditions. During HOT6, RT was again reduced following sprinkling in all heifers. Comparison of RT and RR of NONWET and WET heifers on HOT1–3 v. HOT6 revealed that under similar environmental conditions, NONWET heifers had increased RT, partially due to carry-over from HOT4–5. However, NONWET heifers had 40% lower feed intake but tended to have lower RR on HOT6 v. HOT1–3. Only RR of WET heifers was greater on HOT6, possibly a result of switching from a 4-h back to a 2-h sprinkling period, while maintaining a 62% greater intake (5.80 v. 3.58 kg/day) than NONWET heifers during this time. Results suggest that inconsistent cooling regimens may increase the susceptibility of cattle to heat stress and elicit different physiological and metabolic responses.

scholarly journals Experiencing Gender Regimes: Accounts of Women Professors in Mexico, the UK and Sweden

2021 ◽  
pp. 095001702110412
Author(s):  
Laurie Cohen ◽  
Joanne Duberley ◽  
Beatriz Adriana Bustos Torres
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Lived Experiences ◽  
Ideal Type ◽  
Career Experiences ◽  
Gender Regime ◽  
Gender Regimes ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The University ◽  
Women Professors ◽  
The Ideal

This article investigates differences between statistics on gender equality in Mexico, the UK and Sweden, and similarities in women professors’ career experiences in these countries. We use Acker’s inequality regime framework, focusing on gender, to explore our data, and argue that similarities in women professors’ lived experiences are related to an image of the ideal academic. This ideal type is produced in the interplay of the university gender regime and other gender regimes, and reproduced through the process of structuration: signification, domination and legitimation. We suggest that the struggle over legitimation can also be a trigger for change.

scholarly journals New vessels: Vascular tissue engineering

2007 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-15
Author(s):  
Ruben Y. Kannan ◽  
Sandip Sarkar ◽  
Jalaledin Mirzay-Razaz ◽  
Alexander M. Seifalian
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Tissue ◽  
Vascular Bypass ◽  
Synthetic Materials ◽  
Poly Ethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Tissue Engineered Blood Vessels ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Vascular Bypass Grafts ◽  
Poly Ethylene ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Ideal

The use of vascular bypass grafts in patients is not new. The high prevalence of atherosclerosis has seen them being used in the treatment of some of the 800 000 cases of myocardial infarction in the UK. So, is there a need for tissue-engineered blood vessels if there is a functional prosthetic alternative? While this may hold true for vessels with high-blood-flow rates1, the patency rates of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (Dacron®) and expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) grafts are less satisfactory at lower flow rates. Given the limitations with synthetic materials alone, a biological or bio-hybrid vascular prosthesis could provide us with the ideal blood-vessel substitute.

scholarly journals Practical Considerations for Implementing Species Distribution Essential Biodiversity Variables

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Boyd ◽  
Nick Isaac ◽  
Robert Cooke ◽  
Francesca Mancini ◽  
Tom August ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Distribution ◽  
Biodiversity Indicators ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Occupancy Detection ◽  
Essential Biodiversity Variables ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Species Occupancy ◽  
Very High ◽  
The Ideal

Species Distribution Essential Biodiversity Variables (SD EBVs; Pereira et al. 2013, Kissling et al. 2017, Jetz et al. 2019) are defined as measurements or estimates of species’ occupancy along the axes of space, time and taxonomy. In the “ideal” case, additional stipulations have been proposed: occupancy should be characterized contiguously along each axis at grain sizes relevant to policy and process (i.e., fine scale); and the SD EBV should be global in extent, or at least span the entirety of the focal taxa’s geographical range (Jetz et al. 2019). These stipulations set the bar very high and, unsurprisingly, most operational SD EBVs fall short of these ideal criteria. In this presentation, I will discuss the major challenges associated with developing the idealized SD EBV. I will demonstrate these challenges using an operational SD EBV spanning ~6000 species in the United Kingdom (UK) over the period 1970 to 2019 as a case study (Outhwaite et al. 2019). In short, this data product comprises annual estimates of occupancy for each species in all sampled 1 km cells across the UK; these are derived from opportunistically-collected species occurrence data using occupancy-detection models (Kéry et al. 2010). Having discussed which of the “ideal” criteria the case study satisfies, I will then touch on what are, in my view, two underappreciated challenges when constructing SD EBVs: dealing with sampling biases in the underlying data and the difficulty in evaluating the extent to which they bias the final product. These challenges should be addressed as a matter of urgency, as SD EBVs are increasingly applied in important settings such as underpinning national and international biodiversity indicators (see e.g., https://geobon.org/ebvs/indicators/).

scholarly journals Biblical Inspirations in Nikifor’s Paintings

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 31-46
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Wałczyk
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
The Self ◽  
Creative Activity ◽  
The Real ◽  
Ideal World ◽  
The World ◽  
Biblical Anthropology ◽  
Divine Order ◽  
The Ideal

Nikifor Krynicki (Epifaniusz Drowniak, 1895-1968) was one of the most popular non-academic Polish painters worldwide. To show the biblical inspiration in his creative output I chose two categories from various thematic aspects: self-portraits and landscapes with a church. There are plenty of Nikifor’s paintings showing him as a teacher, as a celebrating priest, as a bishop, or even as Christ. A pop­ular way to explain this idea of self-portraits is a psychological one: as a form of auto-therapy. This analysis is aims to show a deeper expla­nation for the biblical anthropology. Nikifor’s self-portraits as a priest celebrating the liturgy are a symbol of creative activity understood as a divine re-creation of the world. Such activity needs divine inspira­tion. Here are two paintings to recall: Potrójny autoportret (The triple self-portrait) and Autoportret w trzech postaciach (Self-portrait in three persons). The proper way to understand the self-identification with Christ needs a reference to biblical anthropology. To achieve our re­al-self we need to identify with Christ, whose death and resurrection bring about our whole humanity. The key impression we may have by showing Nikifor’s landscapes with a church is harmony. The painter used plenty of warm colors. Many of the critics are of the opinion that Nikifor created an imaginary, ideal world in his landscapes, the world he wanted to be there and not the real world. The thesis of this article is that Nikifor created not only the ideal world, but he also showed the source of the harmony – the divine order.

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