Evaluating evidence in practice

Livestock ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-97
Author(s):  
Mike Steele
Keyword(s):  
Case Management ◽  
Evidence Based Medicine ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Adverse Outcome ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Evaluation Process ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Risk Averse ◽  
Based Medicine

Evaluating evidence-based medicine (EBM) techniques can be an extremely rewarding part of the advisory process. The result of applying the ‘best evidence’ approach from a careful appraisal of the scientific literature available and the data from a clinical case, should significantly reduce the risk of an adverse outcome. Sharing the consequences of using a Knowledge Summary with other professionals either within a practice or in a wider field, can make consultation a much more efficient and risk-averse process. Once the value to be obtained from the EBM search is aligned between stakeholders, a project can be built that is both accountable and measurable within the group and clear differences determined, between the start and end of the project. The evaluation process should include all possible parameters, including those from the case and the stakeholders' time saved after improvement has been found. In future, the ability to share the outcome of EBM case management within an online platform could be beneficial to both advisory, farm and companion animal health businesses.

Using Science-Based Guidelines to Shape Public Health Law

2003 ◽  
Vol 31 (S4) ◽  
pp. 65-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Zaza ◽  
John Clymer ◽  
Linda Upmeyer ◽  
Stephen B. Thacker
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Evidence Based Medicine ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Scientific Article ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Health Law ◽  
The Past ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Based Medicine

Compared to evidence-based public health, evidence-based medicine is a more familiar phrase. Evidence-based medicine has become increasingly popular in the past decade, due in large part to the emergence of computerized database search technology and advanced statistical tools which allow researchers to quickly identify and summarize vast amounts of scientific information.Today, the concept of evidence-based public health is gaining momentum and has grown in popularity. However, the term “evidence-based” lacks clarification and is subject to a variety of interpretations. The evidence that supports evidence-based medicine or public health may include individual experience, anecdotal information, the content of a single scientific article, or the results of a sophisticated systematic review of scientific literature. The imprecise language used to describe evidence leads to confusion over what types of evidence are most appropriate in answering different types of questions.

scholarly journals COVID-19: The Impact on Cardiovascular System

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1691
Author(s):  
Jozica Šikić ◽  
Zrinka Planinić ◽  
Vid Matišić ◽  
Tea Friščić ◽  
Vilim Molnar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Evidence Based Medicine ◽  
Patient Monitoring ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
The Past ◽  
Multidisciplinary Nature ◽  
Based Medicine ◽  
The Impact

SARS-CoV-2 has been circulating in population worldwide for the past year and a half, and thus a vast amount of scientific literature has been produced in order to study the biology of the virus and the pathophysiology of COVID-19, as well as to determine the best way to prevent infection, treat the patients and eliminate the virus. SARS-CoV-2 binding to the ACE2 receptor is the key initiator of COVID-19. The ability of SARS-CoV-2 to infect various types of cells requires special attention to be given to the cardiovascular system, as it is commonly affected. Thorough diagnostics and patient monitoring are beneficial in reducing the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and to ensure the most favorable outcomes for the infected patients, even after they are cured of the acute disease. The multidisciplinary nature of the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic requires careful consideration from the attending clinicians, in order to provide fast and reliable treatment to their patients in accordance with evidence-based medicine principles. In this narrative review, we reviewed the available literature on cardiovascular implications of COVID-19; both the acute and the chronic.

Disease diagnostic coding to facilitate evidence-based medicine: current and future perspectives

2021 ◽  
pp. 104063872199937
Author(s):  
Rachel J. Derscheid ◽  
Michael C. Rahe ◽  
Eric R. Burrough ◽  
Kent J. Schwartz ◽  
Bailey Arruda
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Continuous Improvement ◽  
Evidence Based Medicine ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Coding System ◽  
Diagnostic Coding ◽  
Based Medicine

Technologic advances in information management have rapidly changed laboratory testing and the practice of veterinary medicine. Timely and strategic sampling, same-day assays, and 24-h access to laboratory results allow for rapid implementation of intervention and treatment protocols. Although agent detection and monitoring systems have progressed, and wider tracking of diseases across veterinary diagnostic laboratories exists, such as by the National Animal Health Laboratory Network (NAHLN), the distinction between detection of agent and manifestation of disease is critical to improved disease management. The implementation of a consistent, intuitive, and useful disease diagnosis coding system, specific for veterinary medicine and applicable to multiple animal species within and between veterinary diagnostic laboratories, is the first phase of disease data aggregation. Feedback loops for continuous improvement that could aggregate existing clinical and laboratory databases to improve the value and applications of diagnostic processes and clinical interventions, with interactive capabilities between clinicians and diagnosticians, and that differentiate disease causation from mere agent detection, remain incomplete. Creating an interface that allows aggregation of existing data from clinicians, including final diagnosis, interventions, or treatments applied, and measures of outcomes, is the second phase. Prototypes for stakeholder cooperation, collaboration, and beta testing of this vision are in development and becoming a reality. We focus here on how such a system is being developed and utilized at the Iowa State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory to facilitate evidence-based medicine and utilize diagnostic coding for continuous improvement of animal health and welfare.

scholarly journals Evidence-based medicine (EBM) for undergraduate medical students in Sudan: sources of information, knowledge about terms, skills related to EBM and attitude toward EBM in Sudan

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elfatih A. Hasabo ◽  
Walaa Elnaiem ◽  
Abrar Y. Ali ◽  
Anfal M. Altahir ◽  
Elmuiz A. Hsabo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Evidence Based Medicine ◽  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Attitude Score ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Professional Literature ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Based Medicine

Abstract Background Evidence-based medicine (EBM) is the use of the current best evidence for patient care. Medical students should critically appraise the research evidence to help them during their clinical practice in the future. We conducted this study to assess the skills, terms and attitude toward EBM. Method We conducted a cross-sectional study for medical students from governmental universities. Students completed an online validated questionnaire consisting of several sections to assess skills, attitude and knowledge about terms related to EBM. We used a scale ranging from 1(strongly disagree) to 5(strongly agree) for the 11 questions assessing the attitude and a scale ranging from 1(Poor) to 5(advanced) for EBM skills. Results A total of 761 medical students with a mean age of 21.97 ± 1.64 participated in the study. 327 (43 %) of them were males. The most commonly used search engines were Google 690 (91 %) and Wikipedia 465 (61 %). Medical books 719 (94 %) and lecture notes 353 (46 %) were the most common sources for health information. The majority of students rated their skills related to EBM as average and below average for all questions (overall = 2.18 ± 0.8). Students rated their skills as poor (31 %) in locating professional literature, as average (34 %) in searching online databases, poor (42 %) in critical appraisal of a scientific publication reporting findings from clinical research and poor (36 %) in Critical appraisal of available scientific literature. Regarding attitude, the overall mean score was 2.83 ± 0.76. There is no significant difference in attitude score between students with or without EBM training (P = 0.2). The terms with the highest understanding were case-control study (45 %) and case report (44 %) for study design. Median (44 %) and sample size (43 %) for statistics. Incidence (46 %) and prevalence (44 %) for epidemiology. Conclusions Medical students have a knowledge gap in skills and terms related to EBM and an average attitude towards EBM. The majority of them were using a nonscientific search engine to obtain medical information. There is a need to educate students about the proper steps for getting the scientific literature and EBM skills.

scholarly journals Information seeking and evaluation: a multi-institutional survey of veterinary students

2019 ◽  
Vol 107 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin R. B. Eldermire ◽  
Suzanne Fricke ◽  
Kristine M. Alpi ◽  
Emma Davies ◽  
Andrea C. Kepsel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Evidence Based Medicine ◽  
Information Seeking ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Scientific Paper ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
Based Medicine ◽  
Veterinary Faculty

Objective: To practice evidence-based medicine, clinicians must be competent in information literacy (IL). Few studies acknowledge the critical role that reading strategies play in IL instruction and assessment of health professional students. The purpose of this study was to understand the information-seeking and evaluation behaviors of doctor of veterinary medicine (DVM) students in regard to scientific papers.Methods: The authors studied DVM student behaviors across eight programs in North America using a web-based survey of closed- and open-ended questions about finding and evaluating scientific papers, including a task to read a linked scientific paper and answer questions about it.Results: A total of 226 individuals responded to the survey. The sections of a scientific paper that were most commonly read were the abstract, introduction, and conclusions. Students who reported reading a higher proportion of scientific papers were more likely to feel confident in their abilities to interpret them. A third of respondents answered open-ended questions after the paper reading task. Respondents felt the least amount of confidence with one of the final steps of evidence-based medicine, that of interpreting the significance of the paper to apply it in veterinary medicine.Conclusions: DVM students may lack the skills needed to evaluate scientific literature and need more practice and feedback in evaluating and interpreting scientific papers. Librarians who support DVM students can (1) help DVM students to efficiently evaluate scientific literature, (2) seek training opportunities in alternative modes of teaching and learning IL skills, and (3) partner with veterinary faculty and clinicians to provide students with practice and feedback in information evaluation.

scholarly journals Accuracy of references in psychiatric literature: a survey of three journals

1999 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 221-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Lawson ◽  
Ruth Fosker
Keyword(s):  
Evidence Based Medicine ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Treatment Decisions ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Based Medicine

Aims and methodThe prevalence of errors in reference citations and use in the psychiatric literature has not been reported as it has in other scientific literature. Fifty references randomly selected from each of three psychiatric journals were examined for accuracy and appropriateness of use by validating them against the original sources.ResultsA high prevalence of errors was found, the most common being minor errors in the accuracy of citations. Major citation errors, delayed access to two original articles and three could not be traced. Eight of the references had major errors with the appropriateness of use of their quotations.Clinical implicationsErrors in accuracy of references impair the processes of research and evidence-based medicine, quotation errors could mislead clinicians into making wrong treatment decisions.

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