Effects of Total Solid, Volatile Solid, Ammonia and Ratio of Carbon to Nitrogen on Methane Production in Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Poultry Litter and Wheat Straw

The characteristics such as pH, dry matter, carbon concentration, the total solid and volatile solid of kitchen wastes produced by a canteen in Guangzhou were measured. The anaerobic digestion process performances were evaluated through the examination of operational conditions like activated sludge inoculation, temperature on SS, biogas production, COD concentration and pH in the reactor. When the proportion between kitchen wastes to seed sludge inoculation was 1:1, the biogas production reached the peak at 45 °C. The kitchen waste pH decreased at the first four days then increased adversely after 4 days digestion, but COD concentration showed the opposite variation.

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Carbohydrate digestibility and nitrogen metabolism in sheep fed untreated or sulphur dioxide-treated wheat straw and poultry litter

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859600071070 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 114 (1) ◽

pp. 115-121 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

J. Miron ◽

R. Solomon ◽

E. Yosef ◽

D. Ben-Ghedalia

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid ◽

Wheat Straw ◽

Nitrogen Metabolism ◽

Butyric Acid ◽

Sulphur Dioxide ◽

Volatile Fatty Acid ◽

Poultry Litter ◽

Ammonia Concentration ◽

Apparent Digestibility ◽

Carbohydrate Digestibility

SUMMARYDigestibility of neutral detergent fibre (NDF) and monosaccharide components of diets containing 60% untreated straw (UTS) or straw treated with sulphur dioxide (TS) and poultrylitter (1:1) plus 40% concentrate at 700 g/day intake was examined in sheep equipped with rumen and duodenal cannulas. An all-concentrate diet (CD) served as a reference ration. The SO2 treatment of straw increased the apparent digestibility of the NDF, glucose, xylose, arabinose and galactose components of the diet from 58·9, 86·7, 55·7, 82·5 and 91·8%, respectively, in the UTS diet to 73·8, 92·6, 77·8, 88·9 and 94·6%, respectively, in the TS diet. Whereas digestion of NDF and glucose in sheep on the TS diet was slightly lower than in those on the CD diet, digestion of xylose, arabinose and galactose was higher. Thus, the digestibility of total monosaccharides in th TS diet was 90·2 % and that of the CD diet only 61% units higher. The SO2 treatment also increased the total rumen volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration and the proportion of butyric acid in the total VFA compared with the UTS diet.Rumen ammonia concentration was 7 mg/100 ml lower and nonammonia nitrogen (NAN) flowto the duodenum was 1·3 g/day higher in sheep fed the TS diet compared with the CD diet. The quantity of duodenal N absorbed in the intestine was 10·7 g/day in the TS diet, close to the value of 11·6 g/day found with the CD diet.The similarity between the TS and CD diets in total monosaccharides digestion and duodenal Nabsorption, confirms the findings of earlier studies that a TS diet is a highly productive ration.Complementary interaction between the SO2-treated straw and poultry litter components of the TS diet is discussed.

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Enhanced Methane Production from Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Wheat Straw and Herbal-Extraction Process Residues

BioResources ◽

10.15376/biores.10.4.7985-7997 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Yonglan Xi ◽

Zhizhou Chang ◽

Xiaomei Ye ◽

Jing Du ◽

Guangyin Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wheat Straw ◽

Methane Production ◽

Extraction Process

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Changes in the Material Characteristics of Maize Straw during the Pretreatment Process of Methanation

Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology ◽

10.1155/2012/325426 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Yongzhong Feng ◽

Xiaoling Zhao ◽

Yan Guo ◽

Gaihe Yang ◽

Jianchao Xi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sodium Hydroxide ◽

Ph Value ◽

Total Solid ◽

Biogas Slurry ◽

Volatile Solid ◽

Chemical Reagents ◽

Carbon Nitrogen Ratio ◽

Nitrogen Ratio ◽

Pretreatment Conditions ◽

Pretreatment Technology

Pretreatment technology is important to the direct methanation of straw. This study used fresh water, four bacterium agents (stem rot agent, “result” microbe decomposition agent, straw pretreatment composite bacterium agent, and complex microorganism agent), biogas slurry, and two chemical reagents (sodium hydroxide and urea) as pretreatment promoters. Different treatments were performed, and the changes in the straw pH value, temperature, total solid (TS), volatile solid (VS), and carbon-nitrogen ratio (C/N ratio) under different pretreatment conditions were analyzed. The results showed that chemical promoters were more efficient than biological promoters in straw maturity. Pretreatment using sodium hydroxide induced the highest degree of straw maturity. However, its C/N ratio had to be reduced during fermentation. In contrast, the C/N ratio of the urea-pretreated straw was low and was easy to regulate when used as anaerobic digestion material. The biogas slurry pretreatment was followed by pretreatments using four different bacterium agents, among which the effect of the complex microorganism agent (BA4) was more efficient than the others. The current study is significant to the direct and efficient methanation of straw.

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Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass with 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Acetate for Its Eventual Valorization by Anaerobic Digestion

Resources ◽

10.3390/resources10120118 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 118

Author(s):

Jose D. Marin-Batista ◽

Angel F. Mohedano ◽

Angeles de la Rubia

Keyword(s):

Ionic Liquid ◽

Anaerobic Digestion ◽

Wheat Straw ◽

Lignocellulosic Biomass ◽

Methane Production ◽

Liquid Fraction ◽

Soluble Sugars ◽

Crystallinity Index ◽

Barley Straw ◽

Cellulose Crystallinity

This study assessed the breakdown of lignocellulosic biomass (LB) with the ionic liquid (IL) 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([Emim][Ac]) as a pretreatment to increase the methane yield. The pretreatment was conducted for wheat straw (WS), barley straw (BS), and grape stem (GS) at 120 °C for 120 min, using several LB to [Emim][Ac] ratios (1:1, 1:3, and 1:5 w/w). Pretreatment significantly disrupted the lignocellulose matrix of each biomass into soluble sugars. GS showed the highest sugar yield, which was followed by WS, while BS was slightly hydrolyzed (175.3 ± 2.3, 158.2 ± 5.2, and 51.1 ± 3.1 mg glucose g–1 biomass, respectively). Likewise, the pretreatment significantly reduced the cellulose crystallinity index (CrI) of the resulting solid fractions of GS and WS by 15% and 9%, respectively, but slightly affected the CrI of BS (5%). Thus, BMP tests were only carried out for raw and hydrothermally and [Emim][Ac] (1:5) pretreated GS and WS. The untreated GS and WS showed similar methane yields to those achieved for the solid fraction obtained after pretreatment with an LB to [Emim][Ac] ratio of 1:5 (219 ± 10 and 368 ± 1 mL CH4 g–1 VS, respectively). The methane production of the solid plus liquid fraction obtained after IL pretreatment increased by 1.61- and 1.34-fold compared to the raw GS and WS, respectively.

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Optimization of Biomethane Production via Fermentation of Chicken Manure Using Marine Sediment: A Modeling Approach Using Response Surface Methodology

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph182211988 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (22) ◽

pp. 11988

Author(s):

Fatma Abouelenien ◽

Toyokazu Miura ◽

Yutaka Nakashimada ◽

Nooran S. Elleboudy ◽

Mohammad S. Al-Harbi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Response Surface Methodology ◽

Response Surface ◽

Marine Sediment ◽

Incubation Time ◽

Methane Production ◽

Total Solid ◽

Solid Content ◽

Chicken Manure ◽

Total Solid Content ◽

Semi Solid

In this study, marine sediment (MS) was successfully used as a source of methanogenic bacteria for the anaerobic digestion (AD) of chicken manure (CM). Using MS showed high production in liquid and semi-solid conditions. Even in solid conditions, 169.3 mL/g volatile solids of chicken manure (VS-CM) was produced, despite the accumulation of ammonia (4.2 gNH3-N/kg CM). To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest methane production from CM alone, without pretreatment, in solid conditions (20%). Comparing MS to Ozouh sludge (excess activated sewage sludge) (OS), using OS under semi-solid conditions resulted in higher methane production, while using MS resulted in more ammonia tolerance (301 mL/gVS-CM at 8.58 gNH3-N/kg). Production optimization was carried out via a response surface methodology (RDM) model involving four independent variables (inoculum ratio, total solid content, NaCl concentration, and incubation time). Optimized methane production (324.36 mL/gVS-CM) was at a CM:MS ratio of 1:2.5 with no NaCl supplementation, 10% total solid content, and an incubation time of 45 days.

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PRELIMINARY FINDINGS ON PRODUCING ORGANIC VIDALIA ONIONS

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.40.3.885c ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 40 (3) ◽

pp. 885c-885

Author(s):

George E. Boyhan ◽

Raymond Hicks ◽

C. Randell Hill

Keyword(s):

Wheat Straw ◽

Poultry Litter ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Practical Method ◽

Pine Straw ◽

Oat Straw ◽

Allelopathic Effects ◽

Hand Weeding ◽

Future Work ◽

Better Than

There has been interest in producing Vidalia onions organically among both conventional and organic growers. In the 2000–01 season we began to look at producing onions organically. Starting with conventionally produced transplants that were transplanted at standard commercial spacings on beds prepared with 10.2–15.2 cm of incorporated compost and 2,802 kg·ha–1 rate of fresh poultry litter. This was sidedressed with an additional 2,500 less/acre (2,802 kg·ha–1) poultry litter. Yields were about half of conventional onion production. In 2002–03, production of organic transplants with 10.2 cm of incorporated compost with 2.24 t·ha–1 rate of poultry litter, which was followed by an additional sidedressing of 2.24 t·ha–1 rate of poultry litter resulted in similar findings. The weight of harvested transplants was about half that of conventionally produced transplants. In the 2002–03 and 2003–04 seasons various natural mulches were evaluated for weed control. They included wheat straw, oat straw, Bermuda hay, pine straw, and compost. None of these performed better than hand weeding and the wheat straw, oat straw, and Bermuda hay actually reduced yields apparently due to allelopathic effects. Finally in the 2003–04 season rates of poultry litter from 0–22.4 t·ha–1 were evaluated for transplant production with rates of 13.4, 17.9, and 22.4 t·ha–1 yielding plants comparable to conventional transplants. Work continues in the area of organic Vidalia onion production. One of the greatest challenge for future work will be finding a cost-effective and practical method of controlling weeds in transplant production.

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Anaerobic Digestion of Wastewater Sludge and Alkaline-Pretreated Wheat Straw at Semi-Continuous Pilot Scale: Performances and Energy Assessment

Energies ◽

10.3390/en14175391 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (17) ◽

pp. 5391

Author(s):

Christine Peyrelasse ◽

Abdellatif Barakat ◽

Camille Lagnet ◽

Prasad Kaparaju ◽

Florian Monlau

Keyword(s):

Wheat Straw ◽

Methane Production ◽

Stable Process ◽

Pilot Scale ◽

Economic Benefits ◽

Full Scale ◽

Alkaline Pretreatment ◽

Wastewater Sludge ◽

Reactor Performance ◽

Scale Reactor

During the last decade, the application of pretreatment has been investigated to enhance methane production from lignocellulosic biomass such as wheat straw (WS). Nonetheless, most of these studies were conducted in laboratory batch tests, potentially hiding instability problems or inhibition, which may fail in truly predicting full-scale reactor performance. For this purpose, the effect of an alkaline pretreatment on process performance and methane yields from WS (0.10 g NaOH g−1 WS at 90 °C for 1 h) co-digested with fresh wastewater sludge was evaluated in a pilot-scale reactor (20 L). Results showed that alkaline pretreatment resulted in better delignification (44%) and hemicellulose solubilization (62%) compared to untreated WS. Pilot-scale study showed that the alkaline pretreatment improved the methane production (261 ± 3 Nm3 CH4 t−1VS) compared to untreated WS (201 ± 6 Nm3 CH4 t−1VS). Stable process without any inhibition was observed and a high alkalinity was maintained in the reactor due to the NaOH used for pretreatment. The study thus confirms that alkaline pretreatment is a promising technology for full-scale application and could improve the overall economic benefits for biogas plant at 24 EUR t−1 VS treated, improve the energy recovery per unit organic matter, reduce the digestate volume and its disposal costs.

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