scholarly journals Review: Ethno-zoological study of animals-based medicine used by traditional healers of North-east India

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
JAFRIN FARHA HUSSAIN ◽  
Hero Tynsong
Keyword(s):  
Animal Species ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Related Services ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
North East India ◽  
North East ◽  
Ne India ◽  
Based Medicine ◽  
Comprehensive Study

Abstract. Hussain JF, Tynsong H. 2021. Review: Ethno-zoological study of animals-based medicine used by traditional healers of North-east India. Asian J Ethnobiol 4: 1-22. Since ages, plants and animals have been used in human cultures as therapeutics. Animals have not only acted as a source of food for humans, but have also been commonly used in applications such as medicine, clothes, and other related services. The use of animals and animal products in traditional methods of treating diseases, and for many other reasons, dates back to the early days of civilization. Treatment of human diseases using animal-derived products is called zootherapy or ethno-zoology. Despite the worldwide utilization of ethno-zoology in the form of traditional medicines based on animals, a thorough and comprehensive study of zootherapy in comparison to plant-based medicinal research is still ignored. This study is an attempt to highlight available knowledge on ethno-zoological therapeutic applications used by different traditional healers of North-East (NE) India. With regard to the frequency of animal species, the use of mammals and mammalian products is found to be the highest in NE India as compared to other animal groups, while use of fish-based medicine in the state of Manipur is prevalent compared to other animal species. In Arunachal Pradesh, use of insects is high in traditional medicines.

scholarly journals AQUATIC/SEMI-AQUATIC MACROPHYTES USED IN HERBAL REMEDIES FROM THE WETLANDS OF WESTERN ASSAM, NORTH-EAST INDIA

2019 ◽  
pp. 93-96
Author(s):  
UPEN DEKA ◽  
TAPAN DUTTA ◽  
SANJAY TALUKDAR
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Herbal Remedies ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Rural People ◽  
North East India ◽  
North East ◽  
Trapa Natans ◽  
Stomach Pain ◽  
Euryale Ferox

Objective: The aim of present investigation has been carried out for the documentation of ethnomedicinally important aquatic/semi-aquatic plants used by the rural people living in the vicinity of two major wetlands, i.e., Deepor Beel and Chandubi Beel of Western Assam, India. Methods: Intensive field surveys were conducted with the local traditional healers to gather information on medicinal plants used by them in treatment of various ailments. Results: Altogether 31 medicinal plant species belonging to 25 genera and 14 families have been documented from both the wetlands. Of 31 plant species, nine species were found to be used in skin disease, six in jaundice and liver problem, four species each in fever and urinary tract, two species in dysentery and snakebite, and remaining are found to be used in cough, stomach pain, wounds and cuts, neuralgia, toothache, tonsillitis, blood pressure, and smallpox. Conclusion: Unfortunately, the population of ethnomedicinally used macrophytes Nelumbo nucifera, Euryale ferox, and Trapa natans which are rare in these two wetlands are decreasing alarmingly due to commercial exploitation, natural as well as excessive anthropogenic pressure in these two wetlands.

scholarly journals Historical and Temporal Trends of Climatic Parameters in North East India

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 547-561 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Local Climate ◽  
Water Resources Systems ◽  
North East India ◽  
North East ◽  
Mk Test ◽  
Ne India ◽  
Increasing Trends

Accessing temporal trend of different meteorological parameters is essential for understanding the local climate changing pattern of a region. Quantitative estimates of the effect of climate change helps in understanding, planning, and management of water resources systems. In this study, monthly meteorological data were collected from 30 stations of north-east (NE) India for 1971–2010 and non-parametric Mann-Kendall (MK) test and Sen slope were employed for detection and quantification of significant temporal trends, respectively. An ESRI ArcGIS toolbar “ArcTrends” was used for the above mentioned tasks. The results obtained for rainfall were of mixed nature and both increasing and decreasing significant trends were found for different stations in different months. Most of the negative trends were found in the months of July–August (monsoon), whereas, more stations showed positive trends in April–May (pre-monsoon), and October–November (post-monsoon), indicating inter-seasonal shifting of rainfall without much change in the annual total. Number of rainy days was found to have positive trends in March–May (pre-monsoon) and negative trends in September–December. Except some positive trends during June–December in Manipur and Meghalaya, there were no significant trends in maximum temperature. In some stations, minimum temperature was found to have significant increasing trends throughout the year indicating a general rising trend in NE India. Some major towns like Guwahati, Imphal, Agartala and Kailashshahar showed significant positive trends in mean temperature, mostly during June–December. Mean relative humidity was, in general, found to be significantly increasing, especially during February–March. In some stations, wind speed was found to have significant negative trends throughout the year, with Agartala being the most affected.

scholarly journals Traditional Remedies for Ailments Prevalent Amongst the Thengal-Kacharis of Lakhimpur District, Assam, India

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 401-407
Author(s):  
Ankur Jyoti SAIKIA ◽  
Vipin PARKASH
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
North East India ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
North East ◽  
Forestry Practices ◽  
Traditional Remedies ◽  
Plant Utilization ◽  
Plant Families

Assam, the ‘Gateway of North-East India’, is renowned for its phyto-diversity, myriad ethnic make-up and age-old tradition of indigenous healthcare. This paper documents the indigenous ethno-medicinal knowledge of the Thengal-Kachari tribesmen, who belong to the greater Bodo-Kachari ethnic group, residing in Lakhimpur district of Upper Assam. The information was collected through questionnaires in consultation with the tribal Bej’s (local healers). Plant and animal species were identified with the help of relevant standard literature and presented along with their part(s) used, method(s) of preparation and modes of administration in target diseases. About 30 species of plants, belonging to 22 plant families, and 4 species of animals belonging to 4 animal families, were collected and enumerated for their traditional usage in treatment of 13 diseases. With respect to usage, there were more plant parts (86.49%) utilized than animal parts (13.51%), of which aboveground phyto-biomass was used in bulk (64.71%) quantity, herbs being utilized in major proportion (14). The correlation of ethnomedicinal usage with Dr. Duke’s Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical database evidently points out the medicinal implication of data claimed by this tribe. The present study, thus, underlines the potential for further documentation of such ethno-medicines from local healers from the rest pockets of the region for further phyto-chemical analysis, forestry practices and biodiversity conservation studies pertaining to medicinal plant utilization by this hitherto less studied ethnic group.

scholarly journals THE MULTIDIMENSIONAL POVERTY IN THE NORTH EASTERN STATES OF INDIA

2020 ◽  
pp. 89-92
Author(s):  
Paranan Konwar
Keyword(s):  
Direct Method ◽  
Multidimensional Poverty ◽  
Multidimensional Poverty Index ◽  
North East India ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Ne India ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Comparative Study

The Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) applies the direct method of measuring poverty using the Alkire and Foster (AF) approach. The study aims at analyzing the comparative study and trends of the multi-dimensional poverty among the north eastern states of India. The MPI value was continuing to be higher in Assam and Meghalaya over the decade (2005-06 to 2015-16). Vulnerability to poverty was estimated to be lower in Mizoram over the decade as compared to all India level. On the other hand, severity of poverty was higher in two states, Assam and Meghalaya as compared to the all India estimate (8.8%) between 2005-06 and 2015-16. In can be concluded Assam, a gateway to north east India, remains as multidimensionality poor as compared to all states of NE India. Vulnerability and severity of poverty are higher in Assam over the decades among the NE States. Thus, it is recommended for pro-poor strategy for Assam in health, education and standard of living to come out of multidimensional poverty. KEYWORDS: MPI, Assam, North East India, Vulnerability of poverty, severity of poverty

Ethno-medicinal uses of vertebrates in Chitwan-Annapurna Landscape, central Nepal

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jagan Nath Adhikari ◽  
Bishnu Prasad Bhattarai ◽  
Maan Bahadur Rokaya ◽  
Tej Bahadur Thapa
Keyword(s):  
Animal Species ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Ethnic Communities ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Central Nepal ◽  
Informant Consensus ◽  
Felis Chaus ◽  
Key Informant Interview

Abstract Background: Traditional knowledge on use of animal products to maintain human health is important since time immemorial. Although a few studies are reported as food and medicinal values of different animals, a comprehensive ethno-medicinal study of vertebrates in Nepal is still lacking. Thus, present study is aimed to document the ethno-medicinal knowledge related to vertebrate fauna among different ethnic communities in Chitwan-Annapurna Landscape, central Nepal.Methods: Ethno-medicinal information collected by using semi-structured questionnaires, focus group discussion and key informant interview. The data were analyzed by applying Use Value (UV), Informant Consensus Factor (ICF) and Fidelity level (FL).Results: The study reported a total of 58 species of vertebrates of which 53 were wild and 5 as domestic. They were used to treat 62 different types human ailments. Four vertebrates were also used for veterinary and agriculture. The most commonly used species was Felis chaus (UV = 0.25) with 3 use-reports by 10 informants. Cardiovascular and dental problems had the highest ICF value (0.974) with cardiovascular problems having 351 use-reports for 10 animal species and dental problems having 77 use-reports for 3 animal species. The least ICF was found in ophthalmological problems (ICF=0.833, use reports=7 for 2 species). Conclusions: The vertebrates are widely used by the local people and the traditional healers in Chitwan-Annapurna landscape against various ailments. The users collected the vertebrates mostly from wild. People intentionally or unintentionally kill wild animals that has threated the availability of different species. Our study revealed in-depth knowledge on use of vertebrates including their status needed for the sustainable ethno-medicinal uses and their future conservation.

scholarly journals Potential malaria vector Anopheles minimus (species A) still persisting in North East India

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Varun Tyagi ◽  
Diganta Goswami ◽  
Sunil Dhiman ◽  
Dipanjan Dey ◽  
Bipul Rabha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malaria Vector ◽  
Sibling Species ◽  
Morphological Identification ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Anopheles Minimus ◽  
North East India ◽  
North East ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Ne India

ABSTRACTBackgroundVector borne infectious diseases affect two third of the world’s human population and cause mortality in millions each year. Malaria remains one of the major killers in the Indian sub-continent and transmitted uninterruptedly by many efficient vectors and their sibling species. In North East India (NE), Anopheles minimus has been recognized as an important vector which shares majority of malaria cases. This study primarily focuses on to recognize the presence and distribution of sibling species of An. minimus in certain endemic area of NE India.MethodsAnopheles species were collected and identified using available morphological keys. The genomic DNA was extracted from the mosquito specimen and used to perform species specific PCR (ss PCR) for molecular identification of major malaria vector An. minimus sibling speciesResultMorphological identification suggested the presence of An. minimus sl in low density in the study area. The specimen of An. minimus subjected to ss PCR confirmed the prevalence of only one sibling species namely, An. minimus A in Sialmari and Chandubi.ConclusionThough in low density, but malaria vector An. minimus is still present in certain endemic areas of NE India. The ss PCR assay employed presently suggested that An. minimus sibling species A is prevailing in the region. Presently used ss PCR assay was simpler, faster, cheaper and more readily interpreted than earlier assays. This information could be useful in understanding of current prevalence and distribution of An. minimus sibling species complex in NE region of India.

scholarly journals Comparative assessment of arbuscular mycoorhizal fungi (AMF) associated with Oroxylum indicum L. (Kurz.)- an ethno-medicinal plant of N. E. India

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 1436
Author(s):  
Aatreyee Nath ◽  
Liza Handique Bhattacharyya* ◽  
Pranaba Nanda Bhattacharyya ◽  
Vipin Parkash ◽  
Bijay Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Diversity Indices ◽  
North East India ◽  
Oroxylum Indicum ◽  
North East ◽  
Environmental Selection ◽  
Geographical Variations ◽  
Sampling Locations ◽  
Ne India ◽  
Spore Population ◽  
Fungal Associations

Oroxylum indicum L. (Kurz.) is an ethno-medicinally important plant of North East India. In the present investigation, a comparative study was conducted to assess the AM fungal associations of Oroxylum indicum (L.) Kurz. each at two sampling locations of Jorhat district, Assam and Mon district of Nagaland, N. E. India. Comparatively higher root colonization (100±0) and maximum spore population (1239±13.4) were observed in the rhizospheric samples of Mon district, Nagaland, the region which is geographically more distinct and diverse than the other study location. The rhizospheric samples of Jorhat district showed relatively lower spore count and AM colonization. The Shannon-Weinner and Simpson diversity indices were measured as maximum (2.935 and 0.941 respectively) in samples of Mon district, Nagaland. The results of the present investigation indicated the effect of geographical variations, environmental selection as well as alterations of edaphic factors in changing the AMF populations associated with Oroxylum indicum, an ethno-medicinally important plant of NE India.

Bandh Syndrome and its Impact on Trade and Commerce in North-East India

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-101
Author(s):  
Komol Singha
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Law And Order ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Development Path ◽  
North East India ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Ne India ◽  
Big Push

The North-East India (NEI) consists of eight states and it is a ‘mixed bag’ of several ethnic groups. The region is known for its unexploited natural and human resources which are the basic factors of economic development. So, the energetic entrepreneurs are necessary if we want to harness it properly. With the emergence of Globalization and more recently with the inception of ‘Look East Policy’, trade and commerce has become an important tool in linking this region with the Asian and South East Asian countries. Look-East Policy is expected to provide an opportunity to overcome the problem of distance from big markets. It is apparent that NE India as a whole needs a big push or a kick starts to launch the economy on the development path through trade and commerce. But, it is greatly handicapped by law and order situation or bandh and blockade in the region. Economic development of a region is quite illusive agenda without developing trade and commerce in the region. Peaceful environment in the region is the pre-requisite condition for economic development. Keeping this in mind, the question that arises is who will be the active agents in bringing peace in the region?

Development of the Rubber Sector in North East India: A Case of Missing Innovation and Linkages

2021 ◽  
pp. 097152312110023
Author(s):  
Indraneel Bhowmik ◽  
P. K. Viswanathan
Keyword(s):  
Import Substitution ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
System Model ◽  
System Framework ◽  
North East India ◽  
North East ◽  
Evolution And Development ◽  
Ne India

The development of the rubber sector in North East (NE) India in recent decades is an outcome of the government’s import substitution initiatives in the post-independence period. The article attempts to trace the process of evolution and development of the rubber sector in the region and observes that the adopted policies for rubber expansion had been framed under the narrow innovation system model, whereby the localised knowledge and learning, as well as practices, remained completely ignored in the promotion of the sector. The lack of region-specific rubber development strategies with appropriate linkages supported by institutional systems are the critical gaps that undermine the sustainable growth of the rubber sector in the NE region. Eventualities of the sort call for reinventing policies and programmes under the broad innovation system framework, so as to reap the advantages emanating from the integration of the region with the global market and facilitate greater diversification and sustainable growth of the rubber sector.

scholarly journals Geochemical and biostratigraphic constraints on the genesis of mafic intrusive in the Buxa Dolomite (Neoproterozoic), Panging area of the Arunachal Lesser Himalaya, north east India

2010 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
A. K. Gupta ◽  
A. K. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Lesser Himalaya ◽  
Mafic Rocks ◽  
North East India ◽  
Partial Melt ◽  
North East ◽  
Enriched Mantle ◽  
Tectonic Environment ◽  
Ne India ◽  
Late Neoproterozoic ◽  
Gabbroic Intrusion

Mafic intrusive within Neoproterozoic carbonates of Miri-Buxa Group in the Panging area of the Arunachal Lesser Himalaya, NE India has been reported for the first time. These mafic rocks have affinity to subalkaline-Mg-tholeiites and identified as low-Ti gabbro. Geochemically they are characterized by enrichment in LILE and LREE, depleted in HFSE with minor REE fractionated nature [(La/Yb)N = 2.70-3.29)] and positive Eu anomalies (Eu/Eu* = 1.00-1.30). These rocks have the influence of a within plate signature which were intruded in a continental rift tectonic environment. Petrogenetic modelings of [Mg]-[Fe] and REE suggest these mafic rocks probably derived from enriched mantle source similar to komatiitic composition at moderate to higher degree (35% - 50%) of partial melt. Based on the present reported microfossils viz. Rivularia haematites and Filamentus cyanobacteria in the chert lenses of the Buxa Dolomite from the Panging area, it is suggested that the gabbroic intrusion might have been taken place during Late Neoproterozoic which is probably close to the Precambrian–Cambrian boundary.

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