scholarly journals Antifungal activities of methanol extracts of some medicinal plants against germination and growth of Colletotrichum destructivum O’Gara in culture

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Nwazuo Enyiukwu ◽  
Anderson Chidi Amadioha ◽  
Charles Chimezie Ononuju
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Spore Germination ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Antifungal Activities ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Economic Production ◽  
Colletotrichum Destructivum ◽  
Mammalian Toxicity ◽  
Germination And Growth

Abstract. Authors. 2021. Antifungal activities of methanol extracts of some medicinal plants against germination and growth of Colletotrichum destructivum O’Gara in culture. Asian J Nat Prod Biochem 19: 25-29. Cowpea is an important grain and leafy vegetable in many tropical locations. Anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum destructivum O’Gara is one of the several factors constraining the economic production of the crop in warm humid areas. Use of resistant varieties and synthetic pesticides for control of the disease in the crop are disadvantaged for variability of the pathogen, leading to resistance failure of cultivars in many cowpea growing areas; and pesticide residues in the treated crops which ultimately engender mammalian toxicity respectively. This study evaluated the effects of Alchornea cordifolia, Tabernaemontana pachysiphon and Lantana camara as eco-friendly fungicides against the pathogen in culture. The results showed that the extracts inhibited the fungus in a dose-wise manner. At 75 and100 % concentrations, L. camara strongly inhibited the spore germination and radial growth of the fungus better than all concentrations of T. pachysiphon and A. cordifolia; whereas A. cordifolia extracts exhibited the lowest inhibition at all concentrations. Generally, the fungitoxicity of benomyl was found higher which inhibited 90.15 % spore germination and 96.32 % radial growth of the pathogen. However, at 75%, 100% L. camara and 100% T. pachysiphon which significantly (P?0.05) inhibited (80.02%, 84.21 % and 80.91%) spore germination and (87.33%, 90.87 % and 85. %) radial growth of the fungus respectively compared well with inhibition effects recorded from benomyl. Therefore these plants can be used as viable protectants of cowpea against anthracnose (C. destructivum) in small holder farming systems of the humid tropics; to enhance its production and farm economy.

Effect of the triazine herbicides Goltix and Igran on germination and growth of Aspergillus fumigatus, Fusarium oxysporum, Helminthosporium oryzae, and Verticillium agaricinum

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 737-741 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. E. A. Elwy ◽  
M. Osman ◽  
T. M. A. Abdel Rahman ◽  
I. M. K. Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Spore Germination ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Germ Tube ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Tube Length ◽  
Liquid Cultures ◽  
Germ Tube Length ◽  
Helminthosporium Oryzae ◽  
Germination And Growth

The effect of two triazines on spore germination, radial growth, and biomass production were studied in A. fumigatus, F. oxysporum, H. oryzae, and V. agaricinum. Igran inhibited spore germination of all species to some extent and at 1000 ppm completely inhibited spore germination in A. fumigatus and F. oxysporum. Goltix inhibited germination of F. oxysporum and H. oryzae, but stimulated germination of A. fumigatus and V. agaricinum. Germ tube length was significantly decreased at high herbicide concentrations. Both derivatives reduced radial growth rate as well as mycelial growth in liquid cultures. The level of inhibition depends on the herbicide, its concentration, and the fungal species.

scholarly journals The Effect of Resin and Monoterpenes on Spore Germination and Growth in Fusarium circinatum

2015 ◽  
Vol 105 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. L. Slinski ◽  
F. Zakharov ◽  
T. R. Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Radiata ◽  
Spore Germination ◽  
Direct Contact ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Pitch Canker ◽  
Fusarium Circinatum ◽  
Saturated Atmosphere ◽  
Germination And Growth

Resin obtained from Pinus radiata and five monoterpene components of resin (limonene, α-pinene, β-pinene, camphene, and myrcene) were tested to determine their effects on mycelial growth and germination and survival of spores of Fusarium circinatum, the cause of pitch canker in pine, and F. temperatum, which is interfertile with F. circinatum but not pathogenic to pine. Averaged across all treatments, F. temperatum sustained the greatest reduction in radial growth (16.9 ± 0.02% of control). The greatest reduction in dry weight also occurred in F. temperatum (11.7 ± 0.01% of control), and all isolates of F. circinatum were significantly less affected (P < 0.05). Spore germination rates in a saturated atmosphere of monoterpenes were relatively high for all tested isolates but, when placed in direct contact with resin, spore survival was significantly greater for F. circinatum than for F. temperatum. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that greater tolerance of resin is one factor distinguishing F. circinatum from the nonpathogenic F. temperatum. However, differential tolerance of monoterpene components of resin is not sufficient to explain the observed variation in virulence to pine in F. circinatum.

scholarly journals Exploring antifungal activities of acetone extract of selected Indian medicinal plants against human dermal fungal pathogens

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 2180-2187
Author(s):  
Sasi Abirami ◽  
B Edwin Raj ◽  
T Soundarya ◽  
Marikani Kannan ◽  
Dhanasekaran Sugapriya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Acetone Extract ◽  
Antifungal Activities ◽  
Indian Medicinal Plants

Chemical control of fungal growth and ochratoxin A production by Aspergillus isolated from Moroccan grapes

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-91
Author(s):  
Adil Laaziz ◽  
Souad Qjidaa ◽  
Yousra El Hammoudi ◽  
Abdelouahed Hajjaji ◽  
Amina Bouseta
Keyword(s):  
Ochratoxin A ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Sublethal Concentration ◽  
Agar Culture ◽  
Total Inhibition ◽  
Yeast Autolysate ◽  
Germination And Growth ◽  
Czapek Yeast Autolysate Agar

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of three fungicides azoxystrobin (Ortiva), hexaconazole (Hexa) and pyrimethanil (Pyrus) for their ability to inhibit the radial growth and ochratoxin A (OTA) production by five ochratoxigenic strains of Aspergillus carbonarius and A. niger previously iso-lated from Moroccan grapes. Our results showed that, the addition of the fungicides to the Czapek Yeast Autolysate agar culture medium reduced the growth of the ochratoxigenic strains. Pyrimethanil caused total inhibition of spore germination and growth of the five strains, for all dose tested. Where-as hexaconazole totally inhibited the growth of 4 strains and gave growth for the MUCL 49227 strain (2.67 mm/day) at sublethal concentration. The reduction in radial growth was less marked for azoxystrobin, with growth rate varying between 0 and 6.37 mm/day depending on the strain and the azoxystrobin concentration. Analysis of variance showed that the effect of single factors (fungicides, concentration and strain) and their interactions on growth and OTA production were highly significant (P=0.000).These findings suggest that the use of tested fungicides have to potential for reduction in production of OTA.

In vitro evaluation of the anti-mycobacterial properties of the extracts of Momordica Charantia

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
Paul Giftson ◽  
Jerrine Joseph ◽  
Revathy Kalyanasundaram ◽  
V. Ramesh Kumar ◽  
Wilson Aruni
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Antimycobacterial Activity ◽  
Bitter Gourd ◽  
World Population ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
The World

Tuberculosis (TB) is a communicable disease and remains one of the top 10 causes of death worldwide. One fourth of the world population is infected with TB at a risk of developing disease. The increase in the incidence of drug resistant TB around the world urges the need to develop a new candidate to fight against the disease. Plants were considered as the rich source of bioactive components to be used as potential drugs. Medicinal plants are used in pure as well as crude materials for their medicinal properties. Our research aims in identifying the phyto-molecules which have anti- tuberculosis property. Four medicinal plants namely, Acalyphaciliata (Kuppaimeni), Solanumtrilobatum (Thuthuvalai), Momordicacharantia (Bitter Gourd) and Sennaauriculata (Avaram) were chosen to evaluate their antimicrobial activity focusing on anti-tubercular activity. The methanol extracts of the medicinal plants showed significant inhibitory activity against bacterial and fungal pathogens. Sennaauriculata methanol extracts showed activity against S. aureus, E. coli, P. aeruginosa and C. albicans. In the screening of antimycobacterial activity done by LRP assay, among the plant extracts tested, the hexane crude extracts of Momordicacharantia (Bitter Gourd) showed 82.2% and 81.03% of inhibition against M. tuberculosis H37Rv at 500µg/ml and 250µg/ml concentration respectively. Similarly, the methanol crude extracts of Momordicacharantia showed 87.14% and 63.55% of inhibition at 500µg/ml and 250µg/ml concentration respectively.

scholarly journals Medicinal importance of Kaempferia galanga L. (Zingiberaceae): A comprehensive review

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-288
Author(s):  
Aswin Rafif Khairullah ◽  
Tridiganita Intan Solikhah ◽  
Arif Nur Muhammad Ansori ◽  
Ristag Hamida Hanisia ◽  
Gavrila Amadea Puspitarani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Kaempferia Galanga ◽  
Joint Fractures ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes ◽  
Southeast Asian Countries

Kaempferia galanga included in the Zingiberaceae family is one of the potential medicinal plants with aromatic rhizome. In traditional medicine in Asian countries, this plant is widely used by local practitioners. This plant is widely cultivated in most Southeast Asian countries such as Cambodia, Vietnam, Malaysia, Thailand, and Indonesia. Ethyl-para-methoxycinnamate and ethyl-cinnamate are found as the main compounds in hexane, dichloromethane, and methanol extracts of K. galanga. This plant is traditionally used as an expectorant, stimulant, diuretic, carminative, and antipyretic remedy. In addition, K. galanga is used for treatment of diabetes, hypertension, cough, asthma, joint fractures, rheumatism, urticaria, vertigo, and intestinal injuries. Therefore, this study aimed to give a sneak peek view on galangal’s ethnobotany, toxicology, pharmacology, and phytochemistry.

scholarly journals Thrombolysis Potential of Methanol Extracts from the Five Medicinal Plants Leaf, Available in Bangladesh

Pharmacologia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Jakaria ◽  
Mukimul Islam ◽  
Md. Shariful I ◽  
Mohammad Belal Talu ◽  
Chayan Dhar Clint ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Methanol Extracts

scholarly journals Impact of temperature on Bacillus cereus spore germination in ultra-high temperature chocolate milk

Food Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 808-813
Author(s):  
Ubong A. ◽  
C.Y. New ◽  
L.C. Chai ◽  
Nur Fatihah A. ◽  
Nur Hasria K. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Incubation Time ◽  
Spore Germination ◽  
Infection Risk ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Harsh Environment ◽  
Chocolate Milk ◽  
Data Gap ◽  
Germination And Growth

Bacillus cereus spores are capable of surviving the harsh environment and more often, they cause great concern to the dairy industry. The current research was conducted to study the effect of temperature on germination and growth of B. cereus spores in UHT chocolate milk; the study was carried out at 8°C, 25°C and 35°C over a span of seven days. The results showed that no growth was observed at 8°C. At 25°C, a rapid increase in growth was observed as early as Day 1, from an initial count of ten spores to 4.01 log10 CFU/mL. Meanwhile, at 35°C, the growth on Day 1 was more rapid in which the count promptly increased to 8.07 log10 CFU/mL. Analysis of graph trend showed that the number of vegetative cells decreased while the number of spores increased with incubation time due to nutrients exhaustion. This study fills up the data gap towards understanding the possible issues that might arise in the actual scenario and at the same time, suggests a suitable approach to minimize infection risk caused by B. cereus spores.

Biochemical Composition, Antimicrobial and Antifungal Activities Assessment of the Fermented Medicinal Plants Extract Using Lactic Acid Bacteria

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamza Gadhoumi ◽  
Akrem Hayouni EL ◽  
Enriqueta Martinez-Rojas ◽  
Walid Yeddes ◽  
Moufida Saidani Tounsi
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Food Preservation ◽  
Antifungal Activities ◽  
Antimicrobial And Antifungal Activities ◽  
Plants Extract

Abstract To prevent foodborne diseases and extend shelf-life, antimicrobial agents may be used in food to inhibit the growth of undesired microorganisms. The present study was aimed to determine the antimicrobial and antifungal activities of the fermented medicinal plants extract using Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 4356. The fermentation kinetic parameters, biochemical composition and the volatile compounds of the fermented plant extract was assessed. The results showed that, the fermented plants beverage exhibited high content in polyphenols, flavonoids, and tannins (152.7 mg AGE/ L; 93.6 mg RE/ L; and 62.1mg CE/ L, respectively) to compare with the extract without fermentation. The GC-MS headspace analyses showed the presence of twenty-four interesting volatile compounds. The richness of the fermented plants extracts of polyphenols content and the bioactive compound such as Eucalyptol, Camphene, α-Phellandrene, α-Terpinene improve their biological activity. In addition, the fermented plants extract exhibited a high antimicrobial potential against resistance pathogenic bacteria and fungi determined by different methods. The maximum inhibition showed in the fermented plants beverage against Escherichia coli 25922/3, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 27853 ATCC, Staphylococcus aureus 29213 ATCC, Enterococcus aerogenes 13048 ATCC, Phytophthora infestans P3 4/91 R+, Phytophthora infestans P4 20/01 R, Phytophthora infestans (GL-1). The obtained results support the hypothesis of using whey as a functional ingredient to improve food preservation. The bioprocesses of fermentation technology enhance antimicrobial and antifungal activities which could be used in different industrial applications.

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