scholarly journals Zum Transfer kulturspezifischer Textbedeutungen. Theoretische und methodische Überlegungen aus einer semiotischen Perspektive

2009 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelika Hennecke
Keyword(s):  
Text Analysis ◽  
Specific Situation ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
Types Of Knowledge ◽  
Semiotic Model ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Theoretical Conception ◽  
Theoretical Reflection ◽  
Language Text

This paper discusses the role of cultural specific text elements in the constitution of the meaning of the text and focuses the problems which these elements can cause in the translation process. It is based on a description of the translation process as symbiosis of the three categories language, text and culture in a specific situation. The described comprehension of translation turns the question of the methodology of the cultural transfer into a key question that consequently has an impact on the praxis and didactics of translation. The meaning of a text is the result of a complex interaction of different systems in which different types of knowledge are activated. The central question is how culture manifests itself within texts and how these manifestations can be reconstructed, i.e. how the translator's decisions can be made transparent in the context of the transfer. Firstly there is a theoretical reflection on the interdependence of the three categories language, culture and text in which the underlying semiotic conception of text and culture is outlined. On this basis a pragma-semiotic model of the constitution of the text as a complex sign is presented, and a methodology for an integrative text analysis is deduced from this theoretical conception of text constitution. The different forms of cultural specific elements are analyzed and categorized, whereas in addition to the traditional manifestations the concept of intertextuality is introduced and discussed as an important fact for the pragmatic and cultural coherence of the text. The defined forms of cultural specific text elements are illustrated by a number of examples taken from translation praxis and classroom. All the examples are translations from Spanish into German. Finally, the practical and didactical implications, which are of great importance for the training of further translators, are discussed.

scholarly journals Precedent Phenomena as Means of Establishing Attractiveness in Polycode Internet Text

2020 ◽  
pp. 140-153
Author(s):  
Timur Radbil ◽  
Alexey Pomazov
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Text Analysis ◽  
Cultural Information ◽  
Internet Media ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Initial Content ◽  
Media Texts ◽  
The University ◽  
Russian Universities

The article deals with the problem of precedent phenomena use for realization of the attractiveness effect. The role of traditional and innovative precedent phenomena (memes) in polycode internet media-text aimed at attracting attention of the audience to educational sites is under analysis. The material of the research is the content of Russian universities' educational sites and their official pages in VKontakte. The method of discourse analysis of polycode internet media-text and the standard structural-and-semantic and functional-and-semantic method of transformed precedent text analysis are applied in the work. The findings are that creators use various models of semantic, lexical-and-semantic, structural and syntactic transformation of basic traditional precedent phenomena in polycode internet media texts including ironic reinterpretation, amphiboly and "literalization of initial content". Internet-memes as instruments of attractiveness effect use some other semiotic mechanisms for attraction of the audience attention such as illogisms and visual blendings as well as different types of intertextual interaction. The author comes to a conclusion that precedent phenomena are of great perlocutive potential which allows to correlate basic cultural information in an initial precedent phenomenon with an actual one, meant by creator sense in transformed component. The results can be applied in optimization of the university site content.

scholarly journals Heart-moving stories about kitties in Runet in the paradigm of the genres of volunteer discourse

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-326
Author(s):  
Vadim V. Dementyev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Problems ◽  
Frame Structure ◽  
Indirect Communication ◽  
External Data ◽  
Careful Treatment ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Children's Speech ◽  
Language Text

The article deals with heart-moving stories about kitties published on the Internet by the Moscow adoption center for cats “Murkosha”, which are studied in connection with the dominants of the volunteer discourse. The article focuses on speech genre and narrative characteristics of these stories. It is shown that their specific language, text, and other features are secondary to the main goal – to influence the reader, to induce him either to take the cat directly or to help the adoption center financially. Accordingly, the means that make it possible to enhance the impact come to the fore: expression, different types of direct appeal to moral imperatives, playing with values; at the syntax level – an abundance of direct and indirect directives. The author shows some speechgenre connections of the heart-moving stories about kitties with other genres of volunteer and non-volunteer (advertising) discourse: they are united by the role of indirect communication in text-building and (usually not directly named) practical illocutionary goal; but they demostrate a different attitude to the values that the author of the heart-moving stories about kitties operates (among them the main one is the increase in the amount of love and goodness in the world). The cat is presented in a humanized form (the method of personification) (hence, and not only from “advertising” intentionality, there is a lot of indirect communication, including metaphors, pastiche of various “human” genres), most often as a child. Hence – many “children’s” genres, imitation of the features of children’s speech and speech of adults in communication with children. The method of personification determines the greatest variety of expressive means when describing the “most metaphorical” components of a cat’s image (frame actants): the “character” of the cat and the “communication” (friendship, love) of the cat and the owner. The article analyzes illocutionary types of heart-moving stories about kitties, identified by the authors themselves and marked with smilies (emergency message for help; the story of a cat that entered the adoption center and is ready to be handed over to the future owner; a message about the need for especially careful treatment of a cat with physical or psychological problems; an adoption center that found a family; “letter from home” from new owners) and narrative types (narrative with partially expressed authorship; mixed (authorship) narratives; pastiche of the “dialogue” of a cat with an adoption center employee; “narrative” on behalf of a cat, etc.). A separate micro-study deals with the heart-moving stories frame structure, where the actants / slots are distinguished: a cat (external data, diseases, and other physical and / or psychological problems, “psychology” of a cat); a past owner of a cat, a new or future owner of a cat; street, street life, homelessness, dangers; adoption center for cats “Murkosha” and its staff. There is a characteristic of the use and distribution of linguistic means (primarily expressive: metaphors, especially – conceptual metaphors, definitions, including applications, epithets, etc.) by frame actants and slots. In particular, it is shown that the image of a cat is formed by three meaningful dominants (concepts): love-friendship (as an indissoluble unity) (hence the image of communication happiness), orphanhood and doing good. The latter corresponds to the dominant of the volunteer discourse. Of the two remaining, orphanhood is well combined with it (the targeting of doing good is emphasized), but the latter rather contradicts it (it is more likely mutually beneficial cooperation, even exchange, than disinterested service) and can probably be explained by the focus on the diversity of reaching a heterogeneous audience, where the motives to take a cat from a shelter can also be different.

scholarly journals Reflections on nursing teaching in the post-modernity era and the metaphor of a theory-practice gap

2007 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 498-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeyne Alves Pires Scherer ◽  
Edson Arthur Scherer
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Students ◽  
Organizational Contexts ◽  
Types Of Knowledge ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Practice Gap ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Theory Practice Gap ◽  
Globalized World ◽  
Theoretical Reflection

This article presents a theoretical reflection on nursing teaching. First, we contextualize the topic regarding the globalized world and the repercussions of its paradigms on mankind and, consequently, on nursing students' learning. Next, we focus on the theory-practice gap established in the nursing learning. Educators are expected to show students the relevance of integrating these different types of knowledge. Moreover, to play a pivotal role in a process that helps students to apply theoretical knowledge in practical situations, reducing the difference between what is considered ideal and what is real. The bio-psycho-social-economic-cultural model values the care for the individual in the different organizational contexts and can base the practice. Another inquiry that emerged is about the extent to which we have assisted others in their corporal, mental, spiritual and noetic dimensions, in addition to the attention delivered to the care-giver.

scholarly journals Integrative character of communication and organizing role of the category of person in the context of anthropocentrism

Neophilology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (15) ◽  
pp. 5-16
Author(s):  
Anatoliy Leonidovich Sharandin
Keyword(s):  
Main Function ◽  
Language System ◽  
Types Of Knowledge ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Integrative Unity ◽  
Communicative Space ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Communicative Activity

Considered the problem of relations between such concepts as integration of language levels, category of person and anthropocentrism in the context of the ideas of professor S.G. Ilyenko. This is not accidental, since this problem is presented in her works as having a methodological character in connection with the recognition of anthropocentrism and integration as the main principles of the description of the language system. The key and organizing role in their interrelation is played by the category of the person which in various forms of its realization is present at different language levels and in communicative activity of the person as a whole. This allows us to consider the concept of integrative communicative space, which is represented as a unity created by the interaction of different types of knowledge: 1) knowledge obtained as a result of reflection and interpretation of reality; 2) knowledge of the language system used as a means of cognition of this reality and communication. As a result, communication is the highest level that allows you to compare information at different levels, and forms on their basis integrative unity, the integrity of which ensures the implementation of the language of its main function – communicative.

Teacher Research in Teacher Education

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Kervin ◽  
Barbara Comber
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Education ◽  
Teacher Knowledge ◽  
Teacher Research ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Types Of Knowledge ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Education Field ◽  
Academic Study

Teacher research is well established internationally. Teacher research serves an important role for teacher education, both as the object of academic study and as a practice within programs and the profession. Teacher research has the potential to build teacher knowledge for practice, in practice, and of practice. An understanding of the role of research in these different types of knowledge, enables a demonstration of both the richness of and potential for the education field. Research has an important role in both preservice and in-service education and the potential to bring about change personally, professionally, and politically.

scholarly journals The Role of Coherence in Text Approaching and Comprehension: Applications in Translation Didactics

2007 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 146-155
Author(s):  
Georgia Kostopoulou
Keyword(s):  
Translation Studies ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
Text Linguistics ◽  
Low Coherence ◽  
Types Of Knowledge ◽  
Methodological Problems ◽  
Product And Process ◽  
Linguistic Approach ◽  
High Coherence

Abstract The communicative text-linguistic approach to the study of texts and their theoretical and methodological problems plays an important role in Translation Studies and in Translation Didactics. The need to use and utilise the textual factors in the translation process and teaching is apparent in various linguistic and translational theories given that Translation, an act of speech and communication, is not performed at the level of language, but at the level of the text and discourse, utilising both linguistic and extralinguistic devices. This paper examines one of the seven textual factors, according to the basic theory of de Beaugrande and Dressler, i.e., the factor of coherence. Given that coherence expresses the logical consistency of utterances in terms of content – and therefore the construction of meaning – concepts such as knowledge, patterns and types of knowledge, frames and scripts, memory, are crucial for describing and examining this factor when approaching and understanding a text. Moreover, the interconnection of text linguistics, translation and cognition is evident, considering de Beaugrande’s argument (1999) that “text linguistics has always had a resolutely cognitive orientation because the text must be described as both product and process.” Furthermore, we shall examine how teachers of translation courses may take into account these concepts and elements when choosing texts for translation purposes, and utilise the theory of high-coherence and low-coherence texts (D. McNamara) in order to assist translator trainees in enhancing their extralinguistic knowledge and in using their prior knowledge during the comprehension/decoding phase of the translation act.

scholarly journals The Role of the Knowledge Intermediary in Evangelical Project and Production Management Theories

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-55
Author(s):  
Jaydeep Balakrishnan ◽  
Chun Hung Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Project Management ◽  
Production Management ◽  
Theory Of Constraints ◽  
Types Of Knowledge ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Critical Chain Project Management ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Critical Chain

Abstract Given the creation of different types of knowledge propositions in project and production management, we discuss what we call ‘evangelical’ propositions and what as knowledge intermediaries our role should be in its dissemination. We examine both proposition accuracy as well as the process by which the proposition was arrived at. We suggest strategies for knowledge intermediaries to adopt in order to achieve balance in evaluating these developments. Further, we support our suggestions by examining the development of the Theory of Constraints (TOC) and Critical Chain Project Management (CCPM) and the debate that has accompanied these, as a case study. The debate relates to how much of the knowledge proposition in these is really new and whether the method of developing the proposition was lacking in some sense. Knowledge intermediaries, those who are expected to play an important role in disseminating knowledge, will be better prepared to deal with similar innovations in a balanced manner, by analyzing the case of TOC/CCPM.

“Real Flight and Dreams of Flight Go Together”: High Technology and Imaginary Heights in Early Modern and Postmodern Science Fiction

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 382-393
Author(s):  
Nina Engelhardt
Keyword(s):  
Social Studies ◽  
Science Fiction ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
High Technology ◽  
The Third ◽  
Types Of Knowledge ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Moral Dimensions ◽  
Third Dimension

This article examines how science fiction literature illustrates that exploring the “space above” and journeys toward it necessitates engaging with different types of knowledge, not least scientific-technological and imaginative ones. Scholarship in geography and urban and social studies has recently experienced what has been called a “vertical turn,” that is, a growing attention to the third dimension of space, and researchers call for more interdisciplinary experiments and commitment. This article argues that fictional literature is a valuable source of inquiry and, moreover, that it is precisely science fiction itself that illustrates the need to draw on various types of knowledge in order to explore issues of verticality and the space above. It examines an early modern text from a period before technological ascent into space became possible and a 20th-century novel set at the beginning of the rocket age: Francis Godwin’s The Man in the Moone; or a Voyage Thither, written sometime after 1628 and published in 1638, and Thomas Pynchon’s Gravity’s Rainbow (1973). Both texts illustrate that scientific-technological and imaginative investigations of “the above” are inseparable and emphasize the role of the imagination in fictional as well as in technological ascents. Moreover, in these texts, travelling into the space above involves complex ethical and moral dimensions. Exploring these in relation to the inseparability of scientific-technological and imaginative investigations, the analysis of the science fiction texts also develops the ethical and cognitive value of making scholarly analysis of verticality an interdisciplinary endeavor.

scholarly journals Integrated Approach to Text Analysis in Teaching Translation at Linguistic Department

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 01118
Author(s):  
Tatyana Nikitina ◽  
Klara Kasatkina
Keyword(s):  
Text Analysis ◽  
Teaching Practice ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Integrated Model ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
Scientific Discussion ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The University ◽  
Different Levels

The article addresses the issue of preliminary translation as part of the translation process. Though the review of scientific discussion in the area shows substantial research of text analysis, its application in teaching practice still remains unclear. Particularly, it concerns the format and effectiveness of different methods. The article describes an integrated model of text analysis, which is based on textological and intercultural approaches and uses different tools for analyzing the text. The model is tested in the practice of teaching translation at the university by the use of questionnaires, a protocol method, and a comparative method. The study of the results proves the efficiency and flexibility of the model in reference to different types of texts. It can be used for different levels of translation training. The application of the integrated text analysis provides a better understanding of the text contents and better equivalency. It also diminishes mistakes in translation. The model of integrated text analysis is a useful tool for educators in linguistic area.

Model Kontribusi Aset Pengetahuan dalam Memfasilitasi Proses Penciptaan Pengetahuan pada Koperasi Susu

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Anggraini Sukmawati ◽  
M Syamsul Maarif ◽  
Marimin Marimin ◽  
Hartrisari Hardjomodjojo ◽  
N S Indrasti
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Creation ◽  
Canonical Correlation ◽  
Conceptual Knowledge ◽  
Fundamental Question ◽  
Knowledge Assets ◽  
Creation Process ◽  
Types Of Knowledge ◽  
Seci Model ◽  
Different Types

<em>Given the crucial role of knowledge creation in contemporary business enterprises, a fundamental question arises: what processes are facilitating knowledge creation?  This study aims to find the answer.This study investigates the interrelations among four categories of knowledge assets (experiential, conceptual, systemic, and routine) and four categories of SECI model for knowledge creation processes (socialization, externalization, combination , and internalization). In our framework, we argue that different types of knowledge assets may have differing influences on knowledge creation. In order to test the feasibility of this framework, we conducted an empirical research exercise.  Data were collected from three dairy cooperations in Java, Indonesia through a survey instrument. A total of 105 usable responses were analysed. We employed regression analysis, ANOVA and canonical correlation analysis to examine the separate correlations. We identified four responses interrelationhips from this study. Compared to other knowledge assets, conceptual knowledge assets have a greater effect on socialization of knowledge creation process. Experiential knowledge assets have  a greater effect on combination. Routine knowledge assets have a greater effect on externalization of knowledge creation process. Systemic knowledge assets have a greater effect on internalization of knowledge creation process.</em>

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