A critical neuro-geography of behaviourally and neuroscientifically informed public policy

2019 ◽  
pp. 127-146
Author(s):  
Jessica Pykett
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Social Harm ◽  
Behavioural Insights ◽  
Liberal Societies ◽  
Body And Soul ◽  
The Mind

Amidst the growing enthusiasm for the application of behavioural insights from behavioural economics, psychology and the neurosciences in social policy, there has been a shift in emphasis from structural, through individuated and towards neuromolecular scales of explanation for social problems. This chapter explores the role of these trends in carving out new spatialities of social policy. The chapter considers the scale at which government intervention is deemed necessary, effective and efficient; and who should be responsible for health, productivity and wellbeing in liberal societies. It traces continuities between behavioural and neuroscientifically-informed public policy through analysis of international and supra-national policy documentation within societies in which neoliberalism is increasingly recognised as a source of social harm and economic instability. The chapter develops an approach to ‘critical neuro- geography’ which sheds new light on the strategic importance of scalar claims and other spatialities to forms of governance targeted at the mind, body and soul.

Approccio delle capacitŕ e sociologia economica: un matrimonio vincente per lo studio delle politiche

2009 ◽  
pp. 66-79
Author(s):  
Gianluca Busilacchi
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Economic Sociology ◽  
Capability Approach ◽  
Social Scientist ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Amartya Sen ◽  
Empirical Level ◽  
The Capability Approach

- Over the last year the capability approach has been widely used by social scientist. Its success is mainly due to the richness of its theoretical framework and the possibility to enrich the interdisciplinary researches also at the empirical level. However the empirical applications in the field of public policy, especially social policy, are still very limited: what is the reason? And which is the role of economic sociology in contributing to the analysis of social policy endorsing the capability approach? The first part of the paper concerns the explanation of the theoretical framework of the capability approach, through an analysis of its main concepts and empirical applications. Then we will try to see why the capability approach can be especially used by economic sociology, and why this social science can be enriched by the capability approach to analyse social policy with a richer toolbox.Keywords: social policy, capability approach, economic sociology, public policy, Amartya Sen, poverty

scholarly journals Role of the institutions of provincial government in resolving social problems of the population of the Belarusian provinces (1861–1914)

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-317
Author(s):  
N. S. Motorova
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Provincial Government ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Xix Century

The article describes the structure and powers of the provincial government in the implementation of the main directions of state social policy. It was noted that on theterritoryofBelarusthey played a major role in solving the social problems of the population due to the lack of zemstvos. The outdated legal framework and the lack of a clear division of functions hampered their effectiveness.In the mid 1880s regulatory committees were established in the structure of the provincial institutions. On the territory of the Belarusian provinces they played an important role in the implementation of social policy, as they controlled the financing of the rural­medical part and partly public charity. However, the experience of the activities of the regulatory committees was unsatisfactory. In this regard, at the end of the XIX century the Interior Ministry proposed to eliminate them, as well as to abolish the provincial food commissions and departments of public charity. It was planned to transfer their functions to the zemstvos. This proposal was implemented partially, as a result of the introduction of the institutions of local economy in theVitebsk,MinskandMogilevprovinces in 1903.At the end of the XIX century in the structure of the provincial administration ofBelaruswere created the offices which were entrusted with the functions of monitoring compliance with the workers’ legislation, and then the insurance of workers. They were formed under the influence of new social demands. These offices corresponded to new social and economic conditions, in contrast to the provincial institutions, which managed public charity, national food and health care.

SOCIJALNA ZAŠTITA KAO DEO FORMALNE DRUŠTVENE REAKCIJE NA KRIMINALITET MALOLETNIKA

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Snežana Soković ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Juvenile Delinquency ◽  
Crime Prevention ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Social Response ◽  
Juvenile Criminality ◽  
Prevention And Treatment

Social work and crime prevention are synergistically linked: crime prevention and treatment of offenders are an integral part of social policy, and solving social problems is a strong factor in crime prevention, which is why social work presents an important segment of the formal social response to crime. Social protection institutions have a particularly important role in combating juvenile delinquency. The paper analyzes the place and role of social work and social protection services in the formal reaction of society to juvenile criminality in the context of contemporary criminological knowledge about the etiology of juvenile delinquency. The situation, problems and perspectives of social work in the function of prevention of juvenile criminality in Serbia are especially analyzed.

Translation as a sub-set of public and social policy and a consequence of multiculturalism: the provision of translation and interpreting services in Australia

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (251) ◽  
pp. 55-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jim Hlavac ◽  
Adolfo Gentile ◽  
Marc Orlando ◽  
Emiliano Zucchi ◽  
Ari Pappas
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Service Delivery ◽  
New World ◽  
Linguistic Diversity ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Official Language ◽  
Colonial Power ◽  
Government Services

AbstractTranslation can be an overt feature of public policy, typically in situations where there are status planning regulations that prescribe the use of two or more languages that then enable the development of translation infrastructure. In New World countries, one language, usually that of a former colonial power, is thede jureorde factoofficial language and seldom does translation feature as a national policy in its own right. Accounts for the provision of translation in a country such as Australia are to be found elsewhere. This article adopts a “looking sideways” approach to account for the provision of translation in a range of settings – healthcare, welfare, court/police, etc. In these areas, and since the introduction ofmulticulturalismin the mid-1970s, linguistic diversity of the Australian populace has been a component of policy formulation and the provision of translation has become a means for policy to be implemented. A national policy on languages that expressly includes translation does exist in Australia. However, it is the cross-portfolio convention of addressing language barriers in the provision of government services and beyond that accounts for translation. It is here conceptualized not so much as a cultural-linguistic value, but as a means for service delivery.

scholarly journals Entrepreneurial ecosystems in Poland: panacea, paper tiger or Pandora’s box?

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chay Brooks ◽  
Tim Vorley ◽  
Cristian Gherhes
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Entrepreneurial Ecosystems ◽  
Practice Gap ◽  
Framework Conditions ◽  
Theory Practice Gap

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to critically examine the role of public policy in the formation of entrepreneurial ecosystems in Poland. Design/methodology/approach The paper assumes a qualitative approach to researching and analysing how public policy enables and constrains the formation of entrepreneurial ecosystems. The authors conducted a series of focus groups with regional and national policy makers, enterprises and intermediaries in three Polish voivodeships (regions) – Malopolska, Mazowieckie and Pomorskie. Findings The paper finds that applying the entrepreneurial ecosystems approach is a challenging prospect for public policy characterised by a theory-practice gap. Despite the attraction of entrepreneurial ecosystems as a heuristic to foster entrepreneurial activity, the cases highlight the complexity of implementing the framework conditions in practice. As the Polish case demonstrates, there are aspects of entrepreneurial ecosystems that are beyond the immediate scope of public policy. Research limitations/implications The results challenge the view that the entrepreneurial ecosystems framework represents a readily implementable public policy solution to stimulate entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial growth. Insights are drawn from three regions, although by their nature these are predominantly city centric, highlighting the bounded geography of entrepreneurial ecosystems. Originality/value This paper poses new questions regarding the capacity of public policy to establish and extend entrepreneurial ecosystems. While public policy can shape the framework and system conditions, the paper argues that these interventions are often based on superficial or incomplete interpretations of the entrepreneurial ecosystems literature and tend to ignore or underestimate informal institutions that can undermine these efforts. As such, by viewing the ecosystems approach as a panacea for growth policy makers risk opening Pandora’s box.

scholarly journals Nudges, consideraciones normativas de sus objetivos y métodos

2021 ◽  
pp. 23-37
Author(s):  
Júlia De Quintana
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Institutional Design ◽  
Master's Degree ◽  
Tax Compliance ◽  
Bachelor's Degree ◽  
Academic Affairs ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Behavioural Insights

Júlia de Quintana pursues a PhD on the acceptability of nudges in public policy at Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. She obtained a bachelor’s degree in Sociology, awarded with the Special Prize by the Academic Affairs Committee (2014) and a master’s degree in Social Policy, Employment and Welfare (2015) from the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Her main research interests are behavioural public policy, institutional design and nudges. Her work covers normative an empirical discussion on decision-making and rationality and social policy and explores the potentialities of behavioural insights in areas such as tax compliance and income guarantee schemes.

scholarly journals The Role of Fault and Policy in Negligence Law

1996 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lewis N. Klar
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Tort Law ◽  
Liability Insurance ◽  
Corrective Justice ◽  
Extensive Review ◽  
Policy Goals ◽  
Negligence Law ◽  
Moral Blame

The article describes how the developments of Canadian negligence law have extended it beyond its conceptual limits. The author discusses how the courts have gradually shifted the purposes of the negligence action towards achieving loss distribution by liability insurance, compensating the injured and disabled, deterring tortious conduct, and other public and social policy goals, which he suggests should instead merely remain the consequences of the tort action, and not its primary purposes. Instead, suggests the author, the courts have increasingly failed to recognize negligence law's traditional purposes of apportioning moral blame, sanctioning tortious conduct, and correcting wrongs. Absent its fundamental premise of fault, the author maintains that negligence law is merely an inefficient and expensive way to provide for the needs of accident victims, which could be better and more efficiently dealt with by legislative intervention. Further, the author submits that as tort law becomes seen more as a means to compensate, deter, punish and educate, and less as a vehicle for corrective justice, the elements of the negligence action will lose their importance. Instead, he suggests that the judiciary must re-focus tort law as a system of fault-based corrective justice, supplemented by programs designed to efficiently achieve compensation, punishment, deterrence, accident prevention, and other public policy goals. In discussing these issues, the author provides an extensive review of the leading and relevant cases and authorities in this area.

scholarly journals Mandat Pekerja Sosial untuk Melakukan Advokasi dalam Memberikan Perlindungan terhadap Tenaga Kerja Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shelly Puspita Sari
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Social Workers ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Violence In The Workplace

Abstract. There are potential social problems facing Indonesian Workers, ranging from violence in the workplace, unpaid wages and etc. The role of state is to guarantee safety and legal protection from various crimes threatening labor’ life and survival.Social protection can be defined as any form of public policy and intervention undertaken to respond to various risks, vulnerabilities and tribulations, whether physical, economic, or social, especially those experienced by those living in poverty. But unfortunately, the government’s attention is still considered less than the aspect of its implementation. Therefore, the article argues on the important of role of social workers in a form of advocacy in providing protection for Indonesian workers. Abstrak. Masih banyaknya potensi permasalahan sosial yang dialami oleh Tenaga kerja Indonesia, yaitu mulai dari kekerasan di tempat kerja, tidak diberikan upah dan masih banyak lagi. Di mana seharusnya diberi perlindungan hukum oleh negara dan dijamin keselamatannya dari berbagai tindak kejahatan yang mengancam keberlangsungan hidup dan nyawanya. Sehingga dibutuhkan adanya perlindungan sosial. Perlindungan sosial dapat didefinisikan sebagai segala bentuk kebijakan dan intervensi publik yang dilakukan untuk merespon beragam resiko, kerentanan dan kesengsaraan, baik yang bersifat fisik, ekonomi, maupun sosial, terutama yang dialami oleh mereka yang hidup dalam kemiskinan. Namun sayang, perhatian pemerintah masih dianggap kurang dari aspek implementasinya. Karena itu, penting adanya peran dari pekerja sosial yaitu berupa advokasi dalam memberikan perlindungan terhadap tenaga kerja Indonesia.

scholarly journals ASKETISME DALAM AJARAN YOGA

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
I Wayan Nerta
Keyword(s):  
Social Problems ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Font Size ◽  
The Social ◽  
Body And Soul ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Spiritual Freedom

<span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>Acceleration of science and technology enhances the positive sides of men’s</em><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em> life. However, as the social problems remain, peace is just needed. The Hindu</em><br /><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>Yoga can help people to experience spiritual freedom therefore gain peaceful</em><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em> life. It teaches discipline and strength to the mind, body, and soul.</em></span></span></span></span>

Raising the Poverty Plateau: The Impact of Means-tested Rebates from Local Authority Charges on Low Income Households

1999 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 497-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
PETE ALCOCK ◽  
SARAH PEARSON
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Local Authority ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Poverty Traps ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Means Testing ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Low Income Households

The role of means-testing within social policy has become more important and more central in the 1990s. However, extensive reliance on means-testing brings with it the accompanying problems of the unemployment and poverty traps. In the 1990s these take on more of the form of a poverty plateau, accentuated by a new savings trap. This article uses hypothetical calculations of benefit entitlement in order to explore the extent of the poverty plateau, and looks in particular at the impact on this of the growing use of means-tested rebates by local authorities. Means-tested rebates have been developed by authorities because of a concern that the new charges for services that they are making might disadvantage poor local citizens. Drawing on work of one typical authority, this article reveals that these rebates do add significantly to the poverty plateau, and yet that this is an issue which is little understood by both local and national policy planners.

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