The radical secularization of moral space

Author(s):  
Hans Boutellier

This chapter attempts to develop an understanding of the moral conditions of secular society by tracing its history. The social impact of the secularization process only really became visible in the 1960s. After the earlier separation of church and state, religion in the West also pulled back on a societal level. Historically and culturally that is quite a unique situation, about which the last word has not yet been said. Many churches emptied, but attention to religion is everywhere. Is this because of Islam? How should we relate to religion and its new visibility? The chapter considers secularization since the 1960s as a large-scale field experiment with morality.

2021 ◽  
pp. 188-205
Author(s):  
Julia Stępniewska ◽  
Piotr Zańko ◽  
Adam Fijałkowski

In this text, we ask about the relationship between sexual education in Poland in the 1960s and 1970s with the cultural contestation and the moral (including sexual) revolution in the West as seen through the eyes of Prof. Andrzej Jaczewski (1929–2020) – educationalist, who for many years in 1970s and 1980s conducted seminars at the University of Cologne, pediatrician, sexologist, one of the pioneers of sexual education in Poland. The movie “Sztuka kochania. Historia Michaliny Wisłockiej” (“The Art of Love. The Story of Michalina Wisłocka” [1921–2005]), directed in 2017 by Maria Sadowska, was the impulse for our interview. After watching it, we discovered that the counter-cultural background of the West in the 1960s and 1970s was completely absent both in the aforementioned film and in the discourse of Polish sex education at that time. Moreover, Andrzej Jaczewski’s statement (July 2020) indicates that the Polish concept of sexual education in the 1960s and 1970s did not arise under the influence of the social and moral revolution in the West at the same time, and its originality lay in the fact that it was dealt with by professional doctors-specialists. We put Andrzej Jaczewski’s voice in the spotlight. Our voice is usually muted in this text, it is more of an auxiliary function (Chase, 2009). Each of the readers may impose their own interpretative filter on the story presented here.


2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-26

Abstract In 2014, Yunnan Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology and other institutions conducted large-scale excavation to the Dabona Cemetery located in Dabona Village and to its east of the Liuchang Town, Xiangyun County. The west zone of the Dabona Cemetery had widely distributed early cultural remains, including house foundations, postholes, ash pits, ash ditches, etc. The east zone consisted of two sections distributed in the north-south direction, in the north section of which 25 burials were recovered; among these burials, six were large-sized ones with lengths more than 6m, and the other were medium- and small-sized burials. The grave goods unearthed from these burials reflected that the dates of the remains and burials were roughly in the Warring-States Period to the Qin and Han Dynasties. The area where these remains and burials were located was the main inhabited area of the people of Kunming ethnic group; this excavation provided important materials for the researches on the features and the social situations of the bronze cultures in the Erhai Lake region.


2004 ◽  
Vol 178 ◽  
pp. 448-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lijian Hong

The separation of Chongqing from Sichuan and its promotion to a municipality directly subordinated to central government, as well as its inclusion in the area for the campaign to Open Up the West, have helped Chongqing position itself well ahead of many other inland Chinese industrial cities. Increased central funding has helped Chongqing to survive the social, political and economic consequences of the large-scale relocation programme attached to the Three Gorges Reservoir area and the dramatic restructure of state-owned industries. The future of Chongqing, however, depends on how long the current proactive fiscal policy of the central government will last and how quickly Chongqing can establish sustained economic development under socialist market conditions.


2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 1877-1886
Author(s):  
D.C. Richards ◽  
Phillip D. Stevenson ◽  
Christopher A. Mattson ◽  
John L. Salmon

AbstractEngineered products have economic, environmental, and social impacts, which comprise the major dimensions of sustainability. This paper seeks to determine the interaction between design parameters when the social impacts are incorporated into the design process. Social impact evaluation is increasing in importance similar to what has happened with environmental impact consideration in recent years in the design of engineered products. Concurrently, research into new airship design has increased, however airships have yet to be reintroduced at a large scale and for a range of applications in society. Although airships have the potential for positive environmental and economic impacts, the social impacts are still rarely considered. This paper presents a case study of the hypothetical introduction of airships in the Amazon to help local farmers transport their produce to market. It explores the design space in terms of the airship's social impacts connected to the design parameters. The social impacts are found to be dependent not only on the social factors and airship design parameters, but also on the farmer-airship system, suggesting that socio-technical systems design will benefit from integrated social impact metric analysis.


Author(s):  
Rachel Donaldson

The origin story of public history in the United States dates this profession, practice, and field of study back to the social movements and social/cultural turn of academic history of the 1960s and 70s, directly tying the emergence of professional public history to the political ethos of the New Left. However, exploring earlier efforts in professional public-facing historical work reveals the formative influence of the Old Left on the various fields that would come to fall under the purview of public history. This article traces that connection specifically through the Radio Research Project (RRP), a large-scale series of history-oriented programs produced by the Library of Congress beginning in 1941 that were designed to educate Americans in US history, to encourage citizens to embrace civic ideals such as cultural and political democracy, and to thwart the spread of fascism. Disconnecting the rise of public history from its perceived origins in the New Left through exploring programs like the RRP not only reveals a longer history of the profession, but also challenges accepted interpretations of the types of political and social views that provide the historical foundation of contemporary practice.


1995 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 751-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
James W. Dotson ◽  
Deborah L. Ackerman ◽  
Louis Jolyon West

Ketamine was developed in the 1960s and promoted as a dissociative anesthetic because of its ability to induce a lack of responsive awareness not only to pain but to the general environment. The subjective experiences of ketamine intoxication range from pleasant dreams to intensely visual or polysensual hallucinations. Occasionally a brief full-blown delirium occurs. Despite warnings about its abuse potential, ketamine eventually appeared on the streets in the early 1970s in the same way that phencyclidine (PCP) did in the 1960s. By the early 1980s various preparations of ketamine were available on the street with such names as Special K, 1980 acid, and Super C. In the 1990s the social-recreational use of ketamine reemerged in the context of a subcultural music phenomenon known as “acid house” music. Large-scale parties, usually called “raves,” combine acid house music and ketamine use. Ketamine abuse appears to be on the increase. Clinically significant consequences range from occasional flashbacks to delirious reactions, and every type of dissociative symptomology.


Author(s):  
Debra J. H. Mathews

Public health genetics (more commonly referred to as “community genetics” in Europe) has been practiced to some degree in the West since at least the 1960s, but the development of a cohesive field took time and advances in technology. The application of genetics and genomics to prevent disease and promote public health became firmly established as a field in the late 1990s, as large-scale sequencing of the human genome as part of the Human Genome Project began. The field is now thriving, leading to both tremendous public health benefits and risks for both individuals and populations. This chapter provides an overview of the section of The Oxford Handbook of Public Health Ethics dedicated to public health genetics. The chapters roughly trace the evolution of public health genetics from its roots in eugenics, to the present challenges faced in newborn screening and biobanking, and finally to emerging questions raised by the application of genomics to infectious disease.


Geosphere ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 607-631 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey A. Coe ◽  
Rex L. Baum ◽  
Kate E. Allstadt ◽  
Bernard F. Kochevar ◽  
Robert G. Schmitt ◽  
...  

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