Economic Topography

2020 ◽  
pp. 121-170
Author(s):  
Catherine Casson ◽  
Mark Casson ◽  
John S. Lee ◽  
Katie Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
The South ◽  
The North ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Town ◽  
Town Building

Chapter 3 analyses the economic topography of the town, building on the results presented in Chapter 2. It investigates how far occupations were specialised in different part of the town. It constructs profiles of all the Cambridge parishes, showing how many properties were located in each, how much rent those properties paid, to whom they paid it, who held the properties, and in some cases their occupation too. It is also possible to chart the spatial distribution of occupational names. Because of the missing roll, it is possible for the first time to provide a definitive account of all the parishes. This corrects a bias in previous topographical accounts, which have over-emphasised the north and west of the town at the expense of the south and east.

scholarly journals Spatial Distribution and Geographical Mechanism of Natural Resources in China under the Orientation of the New Economic Demands

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 7956
Author(s):  
Xiangmin Zhang ◽  
Bin Yu ◽  
Hailong Yu ◽  
Zhuofan Li ◽  
Shen Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
New Economy ◽  
The South ◽  
The North ◽  
Ecological Resources ◽  
Demand Structure ◽  
Administrative Units ◽  
Location Map ◽  
Resource Elements

The demand structure of resources for new economy is different from the traditional one in that its development may significantly change China’s economic location map and spatial pattern. Based on 343 administrative units of prefecture-level cities in China, this research constructs the measurement index system of terrestrial surface natural resources under the orientation of the new economic demands; this research mainly analyses the spatial distribution characteristics and geographical mechanism of natural resources by means of the spatial autocorrelation and spatial similarity calculation methods. The results show that: (1) The structure and endowment of natural resources under the orientation of the new economic demands need to be reexamined. The significance of a good environment and ecological resources has been highlighted. The coupling of resource elements better reveals the availability of natural resources. (2) The natural resources decrease from southeast to northwest, showing a pattern of “abundant in the south and east and scarce in the north and west”. Natural resources have a significant positive correlation in spatial distribution with two types of agglomeration: high-high agglomeration and low-low agglomeration, showing the local agglomeration feature of “high in the south and low in the north”. (3) Natural factors such as temperature, precipitation and altitude affect the spatial distribution of natural resources, with the temperature being the most significant. This indicates that the original natural environment and its role are the geographical mechanism for the formation and distribution of natural resources. The results could provide a reference for the development and the optimization of China’s new economy.

II.—Sedgwick Museum Notes

1906 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
pp. 301-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. R. Cowper Reed
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South African ◽  
North American ◽  
The South ◽  
The North ◽  
Generic Position ◽  
Small Collection ◽  
First Time

A Small collection of fossils from the Bokkeveld Beds has recently been sent to me for identification by the South African Museum, and some of them have been generously presented to the Sedgwick Museum. Amongst this material it is interesting to find some genera not previously recorded from the Cape and some new species. The majority of the specimens are in the condition of internal casts, and hence present especial difficulties in their determination, so that in a few cases some uncertainty must remain as to the generic position of the fossils. However, I am able to record for the first time from these beds the occurrence of the well-known lamellibranchiate genus Buchiola, and of a shell which may be identified with Nyussa arguta, Hall, of the North American Devonian. The genus Buchiola occurs in argillaceous nodules from the Zwartberg Pass crowded with individuals of the species which I have named B. subpalmata and with a few examples of an undetermined species. No other associated fossils can be recognised in these nodules, but I am informed that an abundant fauna is found in the beds at this locality.

scholarly journals 3D lithostratigraphic model of the Paleogene of the onshore part of the Moesian Platform (Northeast Bulgaria)

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-36
Author(s):  
Boris Valchev ◽  
Dimitar Sachkov ◽  
Sava Juranov
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Sedimentary Rocks ◽  
Eastern Slope ◽  
The South ◽  
The North ◽  
Lithostratigraphic Units ◽  
Moesian Platform ◽  
Regional Tectonic ◽  
Model Database ◽  
The Individual

The Paleogene sedimentary rocks in the north-easternmost part of the territory of Bulgaria have been penetrated by numerous boreholes. In terms of regional tectonic zonation, the study area is a part of the onshore sector of the Moesian Platform, which partly includes the South Dobrogea Unit and the easternmost part of the North Bulgarian Dome with its eastern slope. The lithostratigraphy of the Paleogene successions consists of six formal units (the Komarevo, Beloslav, Dikilitash, Aladan, Avren, and Ruslar formations) and one informal unit (glauconitic marker). For compiling an overall conception of the regional aspects (lithology, thickness, spatial distribution, and relationships) of the individual lithostratigraphic units and for illustration of their spatial distribution, a 3D lithostratigraphic model based on reinterpretation of individual borehole sections has been created. The model database was compiled by integration of the original lithological data from 338 borehole sections.

The Spanish-Dutch War and the Policy of the Spanish Crown toward the Town of Sao Paulo

Itinerario ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-125
Author(s):  
Rafael Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Spanish Empire ◽  
Dutch Republic ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
The South ◽  
The North ◽  
South Of Brazil ◽  
The Town ◽  
Made In ◽  
United Provinces

Historians have made in depth studies on the consequences of the Dutch incursions and invasion into the north and northwest of Brazil, for both the Spanish Empire and the United Provinces of the Dutch Republic. The purpose of this paper is to show that the war between Spain and the Dutch Republic also affected the south of Brazil and that it forced Spain to adopt measures that altered the policy of the Spanish Crown regarding Sao Paulo.

Under the Empire

2021 ◽  
pp. 73-115
Author(s):  
Avraham Faust
Keyword(s):  
Seventh Century ◽  
Place Names ◽  
The South ◽  
The North ◽  
Dramatic Decline ◽  
First Time

Chapter 4 (‘Under the Empire: Settlement and Demography in the Southwestern Margins of the Assyrian Empire in the Seventh Century BCE’) describes the settlement and demography in the period of Assyrian control. Comparing the detailed information available from the region with that provided in Chapter 2 allows us to estimate what were the consequences of the imperial takeover. The evidence shows that the provinces in the north were mostly devastated, whereas the client kingdoms prospered and, moreover, for the first time in history the south flourished more than the north. The dramatic decline in the north is also exemplified by the large number of place names that were forgotten following the Assyrian conquests. The chapter ends with an appendix on the demographic significance of deportations.

Bad Roads Are Good for Baikal

Sacred Sea ◽  
2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Thomson
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Migratory Fish ◽  
Pollution Load ◽  
The South ◽  
Wood Stove ◽  
Gravel Beds ◽  
The Road ◽  
The North ◽  
North Bank ◽  
The Town

The Barguzin River flows out of the Barguzin Mountains, through the town of Barguzin and then the coastal community of Ust-Barguzin before it finally loses itself in a broad cove of Baikal known as Barguzin Bay. The only way across the river for miles upstream from the lake is a ramshackle little wooden ferry with a tiny, corrugated steel shed with a wood stove in it and room on its deck for about half a dozen cars. The ferry slips noiselessly away from the end of the road on the south bank, and looking west toward the lake, two ghostly, rusting timber loading cranes loom on the horizon while the river spills over into a grassy marsh on its north bank. Turning back to the east, there’s a small motorboat laboring to get upstream—laboring because it’s attached to a tow rope, which is attached to the ferry. The ferry, it turns out, is just a hapless little barge, at the mercy of the river without the guidance of the motorboat pilot on the other end of the towline. Our crossing takes less than five minutes, and connected to it by nothing but that single strand, the pilot directs the barge into place perfectly on the far side. But the deckhand fails to secure it, the ferry swings wide in the current, spins ninety degrees, and slams butt-end into the dock. The pilot scowls as he turns the motorboat around and uses its blunt bow, covered in a tractor tire, to push the barge back into place, where the deckhand finally lashes it to the dock. The Barguzin is Baikal’s third largest tributary, after the Selenga to the south of here and the Upper Angara to the north. It carries about six percent of the water flowing into the lake, along with migratory fish like omul and sturgeon, born in the shallow gravel beds upriver before wandering downstream to spend most of their lives in the lake. And even though it flows through only two towns between its headwaters and the lake, the Barguzin carries a significant pollution load into Baikal, as well, especially organic chemicals from timber operations.

scholarly journals The Literary Evidence for the Topography of Thebes

1911 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 29-53
Author(s):  
A. W. Gomme
Keyword(s):  
Small Group ◽  
Long Range ◽  
The South ◽  
Archaeological Evidence ◽  
The North ◽  
East And West ◽  
East End ◽  
The Town

Fabricius' view, based on archaeological evidence, that the lower town of Thebes extended over the high hills East and West of the Kadmeia (Pl. XIX. A) has in general been accepted by subsequent scholars: it has only been modified by the theory of Kalopais and Soteriádes, which makes the town extend yet further eastwards.How weak this archaeological evidence is, was shown by the criticisms of Wilamowitz and Frazer; and the literary evidence suggests quite a different view. It is to this that I wish to draw attention. Any theory based on such evidence is of course liable to be upset at any moment by fresh archaeological discoveries. But in the present uncertainty it may be useful to see to what theory this evidence seems to lead us.Thebes is situate towards the East end of the long range of low, cultivated hills, running eastwards from Helikon as far as Mount Sorós, and dividing the Aonian plain on the North from that of Leuktra and Plataia on the South. Here is a small group of hills, none of them rising much above the general height of the range, divided by the three streams flowing from. South to North, the Plakiótissa (identified with Dirke), a small and nameless brook, and the H. Joánnes (the ancient Ismenos)

Pristosia Motschulsky, 1865 from the Nepal Himalaya: Taxonomy and Biogeography (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Sphodrini)

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOACHIM SCHMIDT ◽  
MATTHIAS HARTMANN
Keyword(s):  
Species Group ◽  
Carabid Beetle ◽  
Female Specimen ◽  
The South ◽  
Ecological Data ◽  
Nepal Himalaya ◽  
The North ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
First Time ◽  
North Western

The genus Pristosia Motschulsky, 1865 was so far only known to be highly diverse in the North-Western Himalaya and present in the Eastern Himalaya. Only a single female specimen has been documented in the literature from the Nepal Himalaya and was described as P. dahud Morvan, 1994. During a study of comprehensive carabid beetle material collected throughout Nepal, which has been deposited at several museums and private collections, a large number of Pristosia specimens from six species have been identified. The only fully winged species P. crenata (Putzeys, 1873), which is widely distributed in South East Asia, was found near Dailekh and is herewith reported for the Nepalese fauna for the first time. The Eastern Himalayan species P. amaroides (Putzeys, 1877) is reported for the first time in Nepal as well and occurs in Eastern Nepal at several localities east of the Arun river. At least four species occur in the Western and Far Western Nepal Himalaya, of which three are described as new to science: P. glabella sp. n. and P. nepalensis sp. n. from the Api Himal, and P. similata sp. n. from the Saipal Himal. An presumably additional new species is known from the north-western slope of the Dhaulagiri Himal, but is represented by a single immature female specimen only, which does not allow for a sufficient species diagnosis. The male external and genital characters of P. dahud Morvan, 1994 are now described for the first time. This species is considered to be polytypic and the geographic subspecies P. dahud polita ssp. n. is described from the south slope of the Kanjiroba Himal. The species P. atrema (Andrewes, 1926) and P. championi (Andrewes, 1934), which occur in the Kumaon Himalaya close to the Nepalese border, are redescribed based on the examination of the type material. Diagnostic features, especially for the male genitalia of all taxa mentioned above, are figured and a key to the species from Nepal is presented. Instead of a phylogenetic analysis, which is needed for Pristosia but not achievable at present, preliminary species groups for species dealt with are proposed: The Eastern Himalayan P. amaroides species group (monotypic), the P. atrema species group with six species from the Kumaon and Western Nepal Himalaya, the P. championi species group with two species from the Kumaon and Western Nepal Himalaya, and the South East Asian P. crenata species group (monotypic). Based on the distributional and ecological data presented in this study, species of the genus Pristosia with reduced hind wings seem to be absent from the entire Central Nepal Himalaya, and the only Eastern Nepalese species, P. amaroides, prefers largely different habitat conditions compared to the species from Western Nepal. Based on biogeographical hypotheses of other Himalayan carabid beetle genera presented in previous studies by the senior author, the observed species groups of Pristosia are considered to be further examples for Tertiary Tibetan faunal components of the Himalaya. Following a diversification of the genus within the Tertiary of Southern Tibet, speciation occurred and these species groups originated from founder populations that moved into the Nepal Himalaya. The colonization of the geologically younger High Himalaya has taken place independently for each of the terminal groups via different dispersal routes and during different periods of mountain uplift.

scholarly journals NEW RESULTS ON ANCIENT SETTLEMENT PATTERNS IN THE SOUTH-EASTERN QADISIYAH REGION (IRAQ). THE 2016-2017 IRAQI-ITALIAN QADIS SURVEY PROJECT

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (123) ◽  
pp. 45-62
Author(s):  
Ahmed Abbas
Keyword(s):  
Settlement Patterns ◽  
Alma Mater ◽  
Survey Area ◽  
The South ◽  
General Survey ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Funded Project ◽  
The Town ◽  
The Eu

The QADIS survey project is a joint initiative of the Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna and the State Board of Antiquities and Heritage (SBAH). The findings presented here were analyzed in the frame of the EU funded project "EDUU - Educational and Cultural Heritage Enhancement for Social Cohesion in Iraq" (EuropeAid CSO-LA/2016/382-631). The first, second and third field seasons took place in January and October 2016 and in January 2017 respectively. We report here on the general survey activities of the first two seasons, providing detailed information on 40 sites newly identified in addition to Adams 1981. The survey area (Fig. 1) follows the administrative borders of the region of Qadisiyah to the South and East (including part of the Delmej basin), and it stops around the town of Afak to the North-West.1

scholarly journals New Insights on the Impact of Tidal Currents on a Low-gradient, Semi-enclosed, Epicontinental Basin—the Curtis Formation, East-central Utah, USA

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 131-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentin Zuchuat ◽  
Arve R.N. Sleveland ◽  
Douglas A. Sprinkel ◽  
Algirdas Rimkus ◽  
Alvar Braathen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Seismic Activity ◽  
Late Jurassic ◽  
The South ◽  
East Central ◽  
The North ◽  
Facies Associations ◽  
Composite Nature ◽  
Sandy Substratum ◽  
Deformational Event

Based on a methodic sedimentological analysis, the Late Jurassic (Oxfordian) Curtis Formation unravels the intricate facies variability which occurs in a tide-dominated, fluvially starved, low-gradient, semi-enclosed epicontinental basin. This unit crops out in east-central Utah, between the eolian deposits of the underlying Middle Jurassic (Callovian) Entrada Sandstone, from which it is separated by the J-3 unconformity, and the conformable overlying supratidal Summerville Formation of Oxfordian age. A high-resolution sedimentary analysis of the succession led to the recognition of eight facies associations (FA) with six sub-facies associations. Based on the specific three-dimensional arrangement of these eight facies associations, it is proposed to separate the Curtis Formation into three sub-units: the lower, middle and upper Curtis. The J-3 unconformity defines the base of the lower Curtis, which consists of upper shoreface to beach deposits (FA 2), mud-domi­nated (FA 3a) and sand-dominated heterolithic subtidal flat (FA 3b), sand-rich sub- to supratidal flat (FA 4a) and correlative tidal channel infill (FA 4c). It is capped by the middle Curtis, which coincides with the sub- to intertidal channel-dune-flat complex of FA 5, and its lower boundary corresponds to a transgressive surface of regional extent, identified as the Major Transgressive Surface (MTS). This surface suggests a potential correlation between the middle and the upper Curtis and the neighboring Todilto Member of the Wanakah Forma­tion or Todilto Formation. The upper Curtis consists of the heterolithic upper sub- to intertidal flat (FA 6) and coastal dry eolian dunes belonging to the Moab Member of the Curtis Formation (FA 7), and it conformably overlies the middle Curtis. The spatial distribution of these sub-units supports the distinction of three different sectors across the study area: sector 1 in the north, sector 2 in the south-southwest, and sector 3 in the east. In sector 1, the Curtis Formation is represented by its three sub-units, whereas sector 2 is dominated by the middle and upper Curtis, and sector 3 encompasses the extent of the Moab Member of the Curtis Formation. This study also highlights the composite nature of the J-3 unconformity, which was impacted by various processes occurring before the Curtis Formation was deposited, as well as during the development of the lower and middle Curtis. Local collapse features within the lower and middle Curtis are linked to sand fluid over­pressure within a remobilized sandy substratum, potentially triggered by seismic activity. Furthermore, the occurrence of a sub-regional angular relationship between the middle Curtis and substratum implies that the area of study was impacted by a regional deformational event during the Late Jurassic, before the deposition of the middle Curtis. The spatial distribution of these sub-units supports the distinction of three different sectors across the study area: sector 1 in the north, sector 2 in the south-southwest, and sector 3 in the east. In sector 1, the Curtis For­mation is represented by its three sub-units, whereas sector 2 is dominated by the middle and upper Curtis, and sector 3 encompasses the extent of the Moab Member of the Curtis Formation. This study also highlights the composite nature of the J-3 unconformity, which was impacted by various processes occurring before the Curtis Formation was deposited, as well as during the development of the lower and middle Curtis. Local collapse features within the lower and middle Curtis are linked to sand fluid over­pressure within a remobilized sandy substratum, potentially triggered by seismic activity. Furthermore, the occurrence of a sub-regional angular relationship between the middle Curtis and substratum implies that the area of study was impacted by a regional deformational event during the Late Jurassic, before the deposition of the middle Curtis.

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