Development of the Adult Scale of Hostility and Aggression: Reactive–Proactive (A-SHARP)

2011 ◽  
Vol 116 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Thomas Matlock ◽  
Michael G Aman
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Physical Aggression ◽  
Normative Data ◽  
Verbal Aggression ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Gender Effect ◽  
Intellectual And Developmental Disabilities ◽  
Divergent Validity ◽  
Convergent And Divergent Validity

Abstract In this study, the authors developed the Adult Scale of Hostility and Aggression Reactive–Proactive (A-SHARP). Sixty-one caregivers rated 512 individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities on the A-SHARP. Exploratory factor analysis revealed 5 factors on the Problem Scale: (a) Verbal Aggression, (b) Physical Aggression, (c) Hostile Affect, (d) Covert Aggression, and (e) Bullying. Internal consistency was high, and intercorrelation of subscales suggested logical convergent and divergent validity. Separate scores were also derived for the Provocation Scale, which was developed to reflect motivation for the aggression (reactive vs. proactive). Analyses of demographic variables revealed 1 gender effect, several effects due to age and functional level, and no effect of ethnicity. Normative data are provided for the Problem Scale.

The HEXACO-Middle School Inventory (MSI)

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 681-693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ida Sergi ◽  
Augusto Gnisci ◽  
Vincenzo P. Senese ◽  
Marco Perugini
Keyword(s):  
Middle School ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Predictive Validity ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Divergent Validity ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Convergent And Divergent Validity ◽  
Italian Children

Abstract. We developed and validated a novel measure, the 6-factor personality HEXACO-Middle School Inventory (MSI). We started with a pool of 16 items for each of the six dimensions of the HEXACO. In Study 1, we administered the HEXACO-MSI to 1,089 Italian children and the Observer version to their parents. Using principal component analyses (PCA) and extension factor analysis (EFA), we selected the best eight items for each dimension. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) confirmed the 6-factor dimensionality and its invariance. Internal consistency of each dimension was adequate. Convergent and divergent validity were successfully established with a version of the scale filled by parents. Convergent validity was also established with the Big Five Questionnaire – Children (BFQ-Children) whereas divergent validity was less clear-cut. Conscientiousness, Honesty-Humility, and eXtraversion demonstrated predictive validity of school marks (criterion validity). In Study 2 ( N = 317), we replicated dimensionality, internal consistency, and established test-retest reliability of each dimension in two measurements at a 1 month distance. The HEXACO-MSI showed a clear personality structure organized in six traits, and evidence of predictive validity of relevant school criteria particularly via Conscientiousness, Honesty-Humility, and eXtraversion.

A Second-Order Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the Moral Distress Scale-Revised for Nurses

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 1199-1210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamid Sharif Nia ◽  
Vida Shafipour ◽  
Kelly-Ann Allen ◽  
Mohammad Reza Heidari ◽  
Jamshid Yazdani-Charati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Moral Distress ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Divergent Validity ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Convergent And Divergent Validity ◽  
Distress Scale

Background: Moral distress is a growing problem for healthcare professionals that may lead to dissatisfaction, resignation, or occupational burnout if left unattended, and nurses experience different levels of this phenomenon. Objectives: This study aims to investigate the factor structure of the Persian version of the Moral Distress Scale–Revised in intensive care and general nurses. Research design: This methodological research was conducted with 771 nurses from eight hospitals in the Mazandaran Province of Iran in 2017. Participants completed the Moral Distress Scale–Revised, data collected, and factor structure assessed using the construct, convergent, and divergent validity methods. The reliability of the scale was assessed using internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha, Theta, and McDonald’s omega coefficients) and construct reliability. Ethical considerations: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. Findings: The exploratory factor analysis ( N = 380) showed that the Moral Distress Scale–Revised has five factors: lack of professional competence at work, ignoring ethical issues and patient conditions, futile care, carrying out the physician’s orders without question and unsafe care, and providing care under personal and organizational pressures, which explained 56.62% of the overall variance. The confirmatory factor analysis ( N = 391) supported the five-factor solution and the second-order latent factor model. The first-order model did not show a favorable convergent and divergent validity. Ultimately, the Moral Distress Scale–Revised was found to have a favorable internal consistency and construct reliability. Discussion and conclusion: The Moral Distress Scale–Revised was found to be a multidimensional construct. The data obtained confirmed the hypothesis of the factor structure model with a latent second-order variable. Since the convergent and divergent validity of the scale were not confirmed in this study, further assessment is necessary in future studies.

scholarly journals The Psychometric Properties of Extraversion and Neuroticism Scale by Using Likert- Type Item Format

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Imtanious Mkhael
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Arabic Version ◽  
Divergent Validity ◽  
Item Format ◽  
Convergent And Divergent Validity ◽  
Neuroticism Scale

The main objective of the present study was to develop an Arabic version of Junior Eysenck Extraversion and Neuroticism Questionnaire-Revised (12 items for Extraversion and 12 items for Neuroticism) and to assess its psychometric properties by using the Likert-type item format with five categories against the dichotomous(yes or no) one. In order to achieve the objective of the study several methods of reliability and validity were used, and the instrument under investigation was administered to several samples (N=727 subjects). Investigation of the internal consistency of the Extraversion, and the Neuroticism scales using alpha and item-total correlations showed that Likert-type item format of these scales to be superior to dichotomous one. Study also displayed improvements in test-retest reliabilities, convergent and divergent validity of the Likert-type item format of the Extraversion and Neuroticism scales. Validity of these subscales was also supported by their intercorrelations, as well as their factor analysis which confirmed that the instrument under consideration had the same factor structure as was observed in the original dichotomous version. 

scholarly journals Design and psychometric properties of the obstacles to postoperative pain management in dementia scale (OPPMDS): A mixed methods exploratory study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farzaneh Didvar ◽  
Fatemeh Ghaffari ◽  
Abbas Shamsalinia
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Hip Fracture ◽  
Pain Management ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Acute Pain ◽  
Divergent Validity ◽  
Acute Pain Management ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Scale Evaluation ◽  
Convergent And Divergent Validity

Abstract BackgroundThe severe and acute pain of surgical site after hip fracture surgery among the elderly patients with dementia can threaten the treatment consequences. Pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods are used to reduce the risk of similar problems. Nevertheless, pain management may face different obstacles due to different reasons. Identifying and clarifying the acute pain management obstacles among the elderlies with dementia by the use of instruments tailored to the cultural structure of each community can lead to providing effective interventions.ObjectivesThis study aims to design and psychometrically validate the OPPMDS from the nurses’ point of view.MethodsA sequential explanatory mixed methods design was used for this study. The item-generation phase was carried out through two main methods: The inductive method (15 face-to-face and semi-structured interviews with 15 nurses) and the deductive method (literature review). Item reduction was conducted integration of qualitative, literature reviews and scale evaluation. For scale evaluation, face, content and construct validity (Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA); N = 330) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) ;N = 120), convergent and divergent Validity and Reliability (Internal consistency and stability) were conducted.ResultsThe EFA showed that the OPPMDS has three factors elderly-related factors, healthcare providers-related factors and system-related factors, which explained 57.572% of the overall variance. The CFA results indicated that the three-factor model of OPPMDS was best fit for the data. The convergent and divergent validity results suggested that the CR and AVE values of each factor was higher than 0.7 and 0.5, respectively (AVE > CR). The internal consistency of the first factor was 0.891, of the second was 0.929 and of the third was 0.890. The cronbach’s alpha coefficient of the scale was found to be 0.956. In addition, the test-retest results demonstrated high rates of agreement between the first and the second test scores (p < 0.001).ConclusionThe results of this study indicate that OPPMDS can be applied as a valid and reliable scale for measuring the postoperative acute pain management among the older patients with dementia and hip fracture.

scholarly journals Design and psychometric evaluation of epilepsy-related apathy scale (E-RAS) in adults with epilepsy: a sequential exploratory mixed methods design

BMC Neurology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbas Shamsalinia ◽  
Mozhgan Moradi ◽  
Reza Ebrahimi Rad ◽  
Reza Ghadimi ◽  
Mansoureh Ashghali Farahani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Divergent Validity ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Mixed Methods Design ◽  
Scale Evaluation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Epileptic Patients ◽  
Convergent And Divergent Validity

Abstract Background Apathy in patients with epilepsy is associated with a wide range of consequences that reduce the patient’s ability to perform social functions and participate in self-care and rehabilitation programs. Therefore, apathy is one of the important diagnoses of the healthcare team in the process of caring for epileptic patients and its dimensions need to be examined and recognized. Therefore, appropriate instruments with the sociocultural milieu of each community should be provided to health care providers. The aim of the present study was to design and measure epilepsy–related apathy scale (E-RAS) in adults with epilepsy. Methods This study of sequential exploratory mixed methods design was conducted in Iran from April 2019 to December 2019. In the Item generation stage, two inductive (face-to-face and semi-structured interviews with 17 adult epileptic patients) and deductive (literature review) were used. In item reduction, integration of qualitative and literature reviews and scale evaluation were accomplished. For Scale Evaluation, face, content, construct [exploratory factor analysis (EFA) (n = 360) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) (n = 200)], convergent and divergent Validity and reliability (internal consistency and stability) were investigated. Results The results of EFA showed that E-RAS has four factors, namely, motivation; self-regulatory; cognition and emotional-effective. These four latent factors accounted for a total of 48.351% of the total variance in the E-RAS construct. The results of CFA showed that the 4-factor model of E-RAS has the highest fit with the data. The results of convergent and divergent validity showed that the values of composite reliability (CR) and average variance extracted (AVE) for the four factors were greater than 0.7 and 0.5, respectively, and the value of AVE for each factor was greater than CR. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for the whole scale was obtained 0.815. The results of the test-retest showed that there was a significant agreement between the test and retest scores (P < 0.001). Conclusion E-RAS is a multidimensional construct consisting of 24 items, and has acceptable validity and reliability for the study of epilepsy-related apathy in adult epileptic patients.

The Italian version of the Unité Rhumatologique des Affections de la Main (URAM) for Dupuytren’s disease: The URAM-I(10)

Hand Therapy ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 175899832110345
Author(s):  
E Lanfranchi ◽  
T Fairplay ◽  
P Arcuri ◽  
M Lando ◽  
F Marinelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Cultural Adaptation ◽  
Dupuytren’S Disease ◽  
Divergent Validity ◽  
Dupuytren's Disease ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
High Internal Consistency ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Introduction Several general hand functional assessment tools for Dupuytren’s disease have been reported, but none of the patient-reported-outcome measures specific to Dupuytren’s disease-associated disabilities are available in the Italian language. The purpose of this study was to culturally adapt the Unité Rhumatologique des Affections de la Main (URAM) into Italian (URAM-I) and determine its measurement properties. Methods Cross-cultural adaptation was performed according to the current guidelines. Construct validity (convergent and divergent validity) was measured by comparing the URAM-I with the Pain-Rated Wrist/Hand Evaluation (PRWHE-I), Short-Form 36 (SF-36-I) scale and finger range of motion, respectively. Factor analysis was used to investigate the URAM-I’s internal structure. Reliability was assessed by internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha) and test-retest reliability by Intra-Class Correlation Coefficient (ICC). Results This study included 96 patients (males = 85%, age = 66.8 ± 9.3). Due to the cultural adaptation, we divided the original item #1 into two separate items, thus generating the URAM-I(10). Convergent validity analysis showed a strong positive (r = 0.67), significant (p < 0.01) Pearson’s correlation with the PRWHE-I. Divergent validity analysis showed a weak, negative (r < 0.3) and not significant correlation with the SF-36-I subscales, except for the physical pain subscale (r = −0.21, p < 0.05). Factor analysis revealed a 2-factor, 4-item solution that explained 76% of the total variance. The URAM-I(10) demonstrated high internal consistency (α = 0.94) and high test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.97). Conclusion The URAM-I(10) demonstrates moderate construct validity, high internal consistency and test-retest reliability, and showed a 2-factor internal structure. Its evaluative use can be suggested for the Italian Dupuytren’s population.

scholarly journals Development and validation of a motivational persistence scale

Psihologija ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ticu Constantin ◽  
Andrei Holman ◽  
Maria Hojbotă
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Divergent Validity ◽  
Canonical Correlations ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Specific Goal ◽  
Convergent And Divergent Validity ◽  
History Of ◽  
Development And Validation

The main goal of our research was to develop a new measure of persistence and to assess its construct validity and psychometric proprieties. First, we discuss the history of the psychological construct of persistence, defined here as the tendency to remain engaged in specific goal-related activities, despite difficulties, obstacles, fatigue, prolonged frustration or low perceived feasibility. The developed scale, measuring motivational persistence, contains three-factors: long-term purposes pursuing, current purposes pursuing and recurrence of unattained purposes. The results of the two validation studies conducted, employing both exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, advocate the hypothesized structure. Also, the Pearson and canonical correlations between the three factors of the new self-report scale and other three related measures (and their factors) indicate good levels of convergent and divergent validity of the new scale.

scholarly journals Psychometric properties of the Danish Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale in patients with cardiac disease: results from the DenHeart survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Vinggaard Christensen ◽  
Jane K. Dixon ◽  
Knud Juel ◽  
Ola Ekholm ◽  
Trine Bernholdt Rasmussen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Divergent Validity ◽  
Hospital Anxiety ◽  
Item Functioning ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

Abstract Background Anxiety and depression symptoms are common among cardiac patients. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) is frequently used to measure symptoms of anxiety and depression; however, no study on the validity and reliability of the scale in Danish cardiac patients has been done. The aim, therefore, was to evaluate the psychometric properties of HADS in a large sample of Danish patients with the four most common cardiac diagnoses: ischemic heart disease, arrhythmias, heart failure and heart valve disease. Methods The DenHeart study was designed as a national cross-sectional survey including the HADS, SF-12 and HeartQoL and combined with data from national registers. Psychometric evaluation included analyses of floor and ceiling effects, structural validity using both exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis and hypotheses testing of convergent and divergent validity by relating the HADS scores to the SF-12 and HeartQoL. Internal consistency reliability was evaluated by Cronbach’s alpha, and differential item functioning by gender was examined using ordinal logistic regression. Results A total of 12,806 patients (response rate 51%) answered the HADS. Exploratory factor analysis supported the original two-factor structure of the HADS, while confirmatory factor analysis supported a three-factor structure consisting of the original depression subscale and two anxiety subscales as suggested in a previous study. There were floor effects on all items and ceiling effect on item 8. The hypotheses regarding convergent validity were confirmed but those regarding divergent validity for HADS-D were not. Internal consistency was good with a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.87 for HADS-A and 0.82 for HADS-D. There were no indications of noticeable differential item functioning by gender for any items. Conclusions The present study supported the evidence of convergent validity and high internal consistency for both HADS outcomes in a large sample of Danish patients with cardiac disease. There are, however, conflicting results regarding the factor structure of the scale consistent with previous research. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01926145.

scholarly journals Three components of individualism

2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anu Realo ◽  
Kati Koido ◽  
Eva Ceulemans ◽  
Jüri Allik
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Social Relation ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Internal Consistency Reliability ◽  
Divergent Validity ◽  
Individualism And Collectivism ◽  
Convergent And Divergent Validity

In this article, following an assumption that individualism and collectivism are separate factors, we have further established that three central components of individualism can be distinguished. In the first part of the article we examined whether the three proposed components of individualism—autonomy, mature self‐responsibility, and uniqueness—can be distinguished from each other in one cultural context, Estonia. A new scale was developed to measure the three aspects of individualism which demonstrated both the reasonable internal‐consistency reliability as well as convergent and divergent validity with several other measures of individualism and collectivism and related constructs. In the second part of the article we studied whether individualism generalizes across specific contexts or domains of social relationships, namely, across relations with family and close others; friends and peers; state and nation. The results of the three‐mode principal component analysis showed that the individualistic tendencies of the respondents did not differ much while measured toward the three types of social relation. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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