Development of the NIH-HEALS, a Measure of Psycho-Social-Spiritual Healing: Factor Analysis, Convergent, and Divergent Validity

Abstract Background Apathy in patients with epilepsy is associated with a wide range of consequences that reduce the patient’s ability to perform social functions and participate in self-care and rehabilitation programs. Therefore, apathy is one of the important diagnoses of the healthcare team in the process of caring for epileptic patients and its dimensions need to be examined and recognized. Therefore, appropriate instruments with the sociocultural milieu of each community should be provided to health care providers. The aim of the present study was to design and measure epilepsy–related apathy scale (E-RAS) in adults with epilepsy. Methods This study of sequential exploratory mixed methods design was conducted in Iran from April 2019 to December 2019. In the Item generation stage, two inductive (face-to-face and semi-structured interviews with 17 adult epileptic patients) and deductive (literature review) were used. In item reduction, integration of qualitative and literature reviews and scale evaluation were accomplished. For Scale Evaluation, face, content, construct [exploratory factor analysis (EFA) (n = 360) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) (n = 200)], convergent and divergent Validity and reliability (internal consistency and stability) were investigated. Results The results of EFA showed that E-RAS has four factors, namely, motivation; self-regulatory; cognition and emotional-effective. These four latent factors accounted for a total of 48.351% of the total variance in the E-RAS construct. The results of CFA showed that the 4-factor model of E-RAS has the highest fit with the data. The results of convergent and divergent validity showed that the values of composite reliability (CR) and average variance extracted (AVE) for the four factors were greater than 0.7 and 0.5, respectively, and the value of AVE for each factor was greater than CR. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for the whole scale was obtained 0.815. The results of the test-retest showed that there was a significant agreement between the test and retest scores (P < 0.001). Conclusion E-RAS is a multidimensional construct consisting of 24 items, and has acceptable validity and reliability for the study of epilepsy-related apathy in adult epileptic patients.

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Development and validation of a motivational persistence scale

Psihologija ◽

10.2298/psi1202099c ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 45 (2) ◽

pp. 99-120 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Ticu Constantin ◽

Andrei Holman ◽

Maria Hojbotă

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Self Report ◽

Divergent Validity ◽

Canonical Correlations ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

Specific Goal ◽

Convergent And Divergent Validity ◽

History Of ◽

Development And Validation

The main goal of our research was to develop a new measure of persistence and to assess its construct validity and psychometric proprieties. First, we discuss the history of the psychological construct of persistence, defined here as the tendency to remain engaged in specific goal-related activities, despite difficulties, obstacles, fatigue, prolonged frustration or low perceived feasibility. The developed scale, measuring motivational persistence, contains three-factors: long-term purposes pursuing, current purposes pursuing and recurrence of unattained purposes. The results of the two validation studies conducted, employing both exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, advocate the hypothesized structure. Also, the Pearson and canonical correlations between the three factors of the new self-report scale and other three related measures (and their factors) indicate good levels of convergent and divergent validity of the new scale.

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Development of the Adult Scale of Hostility and Aggression: Reactive–Proactive (A-SHARP)

American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities ◽

10.1352/1944-7558-116.2.130 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 116 (2) ◽

pp. 130-141 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Scott Thomas Matlock ◽

Michael G Aman

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Internal Consistency ◽

Physical Aggression ◽

Normative Data ◽

Verbal Aggression ◽

Demographic Variables ◽

Gender Effect ◽

Intellectual And Developmental Disabilities ◽

Divergent Validity ◽

Convergent And Divergent Validity

Abstract In this study, the authors developed the Adult Scale of Hostility and Aggression Reactive–Proactive (A-SHARP). Sixty-one caregivers rated 512 individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities on the A-SHARP. Exploratory factor analysis revealed 5 factors on the Problem Scale: (a) Verbal Aggression, (b) Physical Aggression, (c) Hostile Affect, (d) Covert Aggression, and (e) Bullying. Internal consistency was high, and intercorrelation of subscales suggested logical convergent and divergent validity. Separate scores were also derived for the Provocation Scale, which was developed to reflect motivation for the aggression (reactive vs. proactive). Analyses of demographic variables revealed 1 gender effect, several effects due to age and functional level, and no effect of ethnicity. Normative data are provided for the Problem Scale.

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The HEXACO-Middle School Inventory (MSI)

European Journal of Psychological Assessment ◽

10.1027/1015-5759/a000538 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 36 (4) ◽

pp. 681-693 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ida Sergi ◽

Augusto Gnisci ◽

Vincenzo P. Senese ◽

Marco Perugini

Keyword(s):

Middle School ◽

Factor Analysis ◽

Predictive Validity ◽

Internal Consistency ◽

Convergent Validity ◽

Principal Component ◽

Divergent Validity ◽

Clear Cut ◽

Convergent And Divergent Validity ◽

Italian Children

Abstract. We developed and validated a novel measure, the 6-factor personality HEXACO-Middle School Inventory (MSI). We started with a pool of 16 items for each of the six dimensions of the HEXACO. In Study 1, we administered the HEXACO-MSI to 1,089 Italian children and the Observer version to their parents. Using principal component analyses (PCA) and extension factor analysis (EFA), we selected the best eight items for each dimension. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) confirmed the 6-factor dimensionality and its invariance. Internal consistency of each dimension was adequate. Convergent and divergent validity were successfully established with a version of the scale filled by parents. Convergent validity was also established with the Big Five Questionnaire – Children (BFQ-Children) whereas divergent validity was less clear-cut. Conscientiousness, Honesty-Humility, and eXtraversion demonstrated predictive validity of school marks (criterion validity). In Study 2 ( N = 317), we replicated dimensionality, internal consistency, and established test-retest reliability of each dimension in two measurements at a 1 month distance. The HEXACO-MSI showed a clear personality structure organized in six traits, and evidence of predictive validity of relevant school criteria particularly via Conscientiousness, Honesty-Humility, and eXtraversion.

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A Second-Order Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the Moral Distress Scale-Revised for Nurses

Nursing Ethics ◽

10.1177/0969733017742962 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 26 (4) ◽

pp. 1199-1210 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Hamid Sharif Nia ◽

Vida Shafipour ◽

Kelly-Ann Allen ◽

Mohammad Reza Heidari ◽

Jamshid Yazdani-Charati ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽

Factor Structure ◽

Internal Consistency ◽

Moral Distress ◽

Second Order ◽

Divergent Validity ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

Convergent And Divergent Validity ◽

Distress Scale

Background: Moral distress is a growing problem for healthcare professionals that may lead to dissatisfaction, resignation, or occupational burnout if left unattended, and nurses experience different levels of this phenomenon. Objectives: This study aims to investigate the factor structure of the Persian version of the Moral Distress Scale–Revised in intensive care and general nurses. Research design: This methodological research was conducted with 771 nurses from eight hospitals in the Mazandaran Province of Iran in 2017. Participants completed the Moral Distress Scale–Revised, data collected, and factor structure assessed using the construct, convergent, and divergent validity methods. The reliability of the scale was assessed using internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha, Theta, and McDonald’s omega coefficients) and construct reliability. Ethical considerations: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. Findings: The exploratory factor analysis ( N = 380) showed that the Moral Distress Scale–Revised has five factors: lack of professional competence at work, ignoring ethical issues and patient conditions, futile care, carrying out the physician’s orders without question and unsafe care, and providing care under personal and organizational pressures, which explained 56.62% of the overall variance. The confirmatory factor analysis ( N = 391) supported the five-factor solution and the second-order latent factor model. The first-order model did not show a favorable convergent and divergent validity. Ultimately, the Moral Distress Scale–Revised was found to have a favorable internal consistency and construct reliability. Discussion and conclusion: The Moral Distress Scale–Revised was found to be a multidimensional construct. The data obtained confirmed the hypothesis of the factor structure model with a latent second-order variable. Since the convergent and divergent validity of the scale were not confirmed in this study, further assessment is necessary in future studies.

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Scale Development of Organizational Health Construct

Global Business Review ◽

10.1177/0972150917713522 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 357-375 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Anupama Singh ◽

Sumi Jha

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Comparative Analysis ◽

Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽

Organizational Health ◽

Organizational Values ◽

Divergent Validity ◽

Developed Country ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

Convergent And Divergent Validity ◽

Team Orientation

The purpose of this research is to understand the concept of organizational health (OH). Further, this research developed a construct of OH derived from factors identified in extant literature. Data from 121 scientists working in engineering and scientific divisions of Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), India, were collected to test the internal consistency, to confirm factor structure and to assess convergent and divergent validity of the construct. The results of Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) produced seven factors of organizational health, namely, managerial efficacy, amiable power relations, HRD orientation and practices, team orientation, organizational values, innovativeness and morale. The study has been conducted in emerging economy setting. A comparative analysis of organization like CSIR in developed country can be carried out for further research using the same construct. This will help in validating the construct developed in this research. To the best of the author’s knowledge, this is the only study that has developed a comprehensive construct of organizational health for an Indian R&D sector.

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The Validity and Reliability of Persian Version of Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire (Version A) among Iranian Nulliparous Women

Global Journal of Health Science ◽

10.5539/gjhs.v9n2p269 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 269 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Parvin Abedi ◽

Najva Hazeghi ◽

Poorandokht Afshari ◽

Ahmad Fakhri

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Divergent Validity ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Women Of Reproductive Age ◽

Persian Version ◽

Nulliparous Women ◽

Convergent And Divergent Validity ◽

Experience Questionnaire

<p>Extreme fear of childbirth may interfere with normal process of labor and increase the rate of cesarean section.<strong> </strong>The aim of this study was to evaluate validity and reliability of a Persian version of Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire (W-DEQ) among nulliparous women. In this cross-sectional study, 200 nulliparous women of reproductive age were recruited. The original form of the W-DEQ was received from corresponding author (Garthus-Niegel). This questionnaire was translated into Persian language and back-translated to English by three experts in reproductive health and psychiatry who were fluent in Persian and English. Two questionnaires namely the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS) were used to check the convergent and divergent validity. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to assess the construct validity, while the Pearson correlation coefficient was used to assess the convergent and divergent validity of the W-DEQ. Reliability was measured using Cronbach’s coefficient alpha. Factor analysis yielded nine factors that explained 70.06% of the total variation. Cronbach’s alpha was 0.64 and the convergent validity with the BAI questionnaire was (r=0.402) and the divergent validity of W-DEQ with the DASS questionnaire was (r=0.349). The Persian W-DEQ has a good validity and reliability for measuring the fear of delivery in Iranian women of reproductive age. Using this questionnaire for nulliparous women is recommended.</p>

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The Psychometric Properties of Extraversion and Neuroticism Scale by Using Likert- Type Item Format

Journal of Educational and Psychological Studies [JEPS] ◽

10.24200/jeps.vol6iss2pp76-89 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 76

Author(s):

Imtanious Mkhael

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Psychometric Properties ◽

Factor Structure ◽

Internal Consistency ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Arabic Version ◽

Divergent Validity ◽

Item Format ◽

Convergent And Divergent Validity ◽

Neuroticism Scale

The main objective of the present study was to develop an Arabic version of Junior Eysenck Extraversion and Neuroticism Questionnaire-Revised (12 items for Extraversion and 12 items for Neuroticism) and to assess its psychometric properties by using the Likert-type item format with five categories against the dichotomous(yes or no) one. In order to achieve the objective of the study several methods of reliability and validity were used, and the instrument under investigation was administered to several samples (N=727 subjects). Investigation of the internal consistency of the Extraversion, and the Neuroticism scales using alpha and item-total correlations showed that Likert-type item format of these scales to be superior to dichotomous one. Study also displayed improvements in test-retest reliabilities, convergent and divergent validity of the Likert-type item format of the Extraversion and Neuroticism scales. Validity of these subscales was also supported by their intercorrelations, as well as their factor analysis which confirmed that the instrument under consideration had the same factor structure as was observed in the original dichotomous version.

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Preprint - The Subjective Inequality Scale

10.31234/osf.io/gpx6d ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Anita Schmalor ◽

Steven Heine

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Well Being ◽

Divergent Validity ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Us States ◽

The Public ◽

Psychological Correlates ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

Convergent And Divergent Validity ◽

Perceptions Of Inequality

Economic inequality has become a major concern for the public and policy makers alike. Measures of objective inequality have been associated with many social and health ills, but a less investigated question is whether perceptions of inequality are associated with these same problems. Toward this end, we developed and validated the Subjective Inequality Scale (SIS): a measure of perceived inequality and judgments of the (un)fairness of inequality. We generated and reduced an initial set of items, conducted an exploratory factor analysis, evaluated convergent and divergent validity and individual differences in subjective inequality (Study 1). We further conducted a confirmatory factor analysis, showed that the SIS is associated with psychological well-being and this relation is mediated by status anxiety and low trust; and showed that perceived inequality is associated with the Gini coefficient across different US states and countries (Studies 2 and 3). We also replicated some of the key findings with an international sample of six countries (Study 3), and showed that perceptions of inequality can be influenced by manipulations of inequality (Studies 4a and 4b). The SIS can serve as a useful tool for unpacking the psychological correlates of perceived inequality.

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Turkish adaptation of the comprehensive inventory of mindfulness experiences- adolescents: A reliability and validity study

SHS Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/shsconf/20184801038 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 48 ◽

pp. 01038

Author(s):

Beyza Kırca ◽

Halil Ekşi

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

High School Students ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Validity Study ◽

Divergent Validity ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Alpha Coefficient ◽

School Students ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

Convergent And Divergent Validity

In this study, it was aimed to adapt the Comprehensive Inventory of Mindfulness Experiences-Adolescents into Turkish, and to analyze the measure’s validity and reliability. The sample of the study consisted of 415 high school students. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the original eight-factor structure. Cronbach alpha coefficient for the overall scale is 0.70 and the coefficients differ from 0.48 to 0.69 for the sub-scales. Corrected item-total correlations are found to be between 0.20 and 0.55. The convergent and divergent validity was examined and statistically significant relations were found. The study showed that the Turkish adaptation of The Comprehensive Inventory of Mindfulness Experiences-Adolescents is a reliable and valid scale for measuring mindfulness in adolescents.

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