Coping with Uncertainty: Woodpecker Finches (Cactospiza pallida) from an Unpredictable Habitat Are More Flexible than Birds from a Stable Habitat

<em>Seagrasses habitats have both physical and ecological functions that support adjacent waters qualities and its dwelling organisms. There are varies of pressure on seagrass environmental, especially due to people activities that could decrease its function and habitat stabilities. The study aimed to determine about seagrass habitat stabilities from its species composition and/or densities. Line transect-plots and exploration methods were used in five locations of Manokwari coastal waters, that were, Andai, Rendani, Wosi, Briosi, and Tanjung Manggewa. There are five pioneer species (Cymodocea rotundata, Halodule pinifolia, H. uninervis, Syringodium isoetifolium, Halophila ovalis) and 3 climax species (Cymodocea serrulata, Enhalus acoroides, Thalassia hemprichii). The pioneer only found in Andai and Wosi, however both pioneer and climax encountered in three other locations. In Rendani and Tanjung Manggewa higher density of climax species (T. hemprichii) were 617.7 and 828.0 stands m-2, respectively, although in Briosi the higher pioneer (C. rotundata) of 570.7 stands m-2. These conditions showed that seagrass habitat in Rendani and Tanjung Manggewa are more stable compared to Briosi, as well as Andai and Wosi. It concluded that pioneer species found in newly formed habitat or disturbed, on the other hand, climax in more stable habitat.</em>

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Sequence data from isolated lichen-associated melanized fungi enhance delimitation of two new lineages within Chaetothyriomycetidae

Mycological Progress ◽

10.1007/s11557-021-01706-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 (7) ◽

pp. 911-927

Author(s):

Lucia Muggia ◽

Yu Quan ◽

Cécile Gueidan ◽

Abdullah M. S. Al-Hatmi ◽

Martin Grube ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sequence Data ◽

Single Species ◽

Sister Group ◽

Asexual Propagation ◽

Dna Sequence Data ◽

Wide Range ◽

The Family ◽

Rock Inhabiting Fungi ◽

Stable Habitat

AbstractLichen thalli provide a long-lived and stable habitat for colonization by a wide range of microorganisms. Increased interest in these lichen-associated microbial communities has revealed an impressive diversity of fungi, including several novel lineages which still await formal taxonomic recognition. Among these, members of the Eurotiomycetes and Dothideomycetes usually occur asymptomatically in the lichen thalli, even if they share ancestry with fungi that may be parasitic on their host. Mycelia of the isolates are characterized by melanized cell walls and the fungi display exclusively asexual propagation. Their taxonomic placement requires, therefore, the use of DNA sequence data. Here, we consider recently published sequence data from lichen-associated fungi and characterize and formally describe two new, individually monophyletic lineages at family, genus, and species levels. The Pleostigmataceae fam. nov. and Melanina gen. nov. both comprise rock-inhabiting fungi that associate with epilithic, crust-forming lichens in subalpine habitats. The phylogenetic placement and the monophyly of Pleostigmataceae lack statistical support, but the family was resolved as sister to the order Verrucariales. This family comprises the species Pleostigma alpinum sp. nov., P. frigidum sp. nov., P. jungermannicola, and P. lichenophilum sp. nov. The placement of the genus Melanina is supported as a lineage within the Chaetothyriales. To date, this genus comprises the single species M. gunde-cimermaniae sp. nov. and forms a sister group to a large lineage including Herpotrichiellaceae, Chaetothyriaceae, Cyphellophoraceae, and Trichomeriaceae. The new phylogenetic analysis of the subclass Chaetothyiomycetidae provides new insight into genus and family level delimitation and classification of this ecologically diverse group of fungi.

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Microhabitat selection by the bank vole (Clethrionomys glareolus Schreber, 1780) under destabilized and stable habitat conditions

Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta Biologiya ◽

10.17223/19988591/28/6 ◽

2014 ◽

pp. 88-107 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Larisa E. Lukyanova ◽

◽

Anatoliy V. Bobretsov ◽

Keyword(s):

Bank Vole ◽

Clethrionomys Glareolus ◽

Microhabitat Selection ◽

Habitat Conditions ◽

Stable Habitat

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The Breeding Biology of a Tropical Possum, Trichosurus-Vulpecula-Arnhemensis (Phalangeridae, Marsupialia)

Australian Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1071/zo9920653 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 40 (6) ◽

pp. 653 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

JA Kerle ◽

CJ Howe

Keyword(s):

Reproductive Strategy ◽

Growth And Development ◽

Captive Breeding ◽

Breeding Biology ◽

Breeding Cycle ◽

Brushtail Possum ◽

Trichosurus Vulpecula ◽

Males And Females ◽

Reproductive Cycles ◽

Stable Habitat

The breeding biology of Trichosurus vulpecula has been studied in some detail for temperate populations but not for the northern brushtail possum (T. v. arnhemensis), the tropical form of this species. Data for the distribution of births and sex ratio of the young, growth and development of the young and reproductive cycles of both males and females were obtained. Most data were collected from a captive breeding colony of northern brushtails and supplemented with data from wild populations. The reproduction, growth and development of T. v. arnhemensis are very similar to those already described for other populations of T vulpecula. The observed differences can be explained by variation in the size of the animals and the absence of a restricted breeding season. Neither males nor females showed any periodicity in their reproductive strategy. This continuous breeding cycle can be attributed directly to their tropical environment. These tropical possums occupy a stable habitat, mature early and have a higher reproductive effort than populations in more seasonal and unpredictable environments. This suggests that the northern brushtail has a stochastic or 'bet-hedging' reproductive strategy.

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Zoobenthos associated with the invasive red alga Womersleyella setacea (Rhodomelacea) in the northern Aegean Sea

Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom ◽

10.1017/s0025315407048151 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 87 (3) ◽

pp. 629-641 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Chryssanthi Antoniadou ◽

Chariton Chintiroglou

Keyword(s):

Community Structure ◽

Animal Species ◽

Temporal Structure ◽

Aegean Sea ◽

Red Alga ◽

Spatial Differences ◽

Northern Aegean Sea ◽

Species Richness And Abundance ◽

Invasive Alga ◽

Stable Habitat

The spatial and temporal structure of the zoobenthos associated with the invasive red alga Womersleyella setacea was studied in the northern Aegean Sea, Greece. Five replicate quadrats (20×20 cm) were collected, seasonally from July 1997 to August 1998, by SCUBA diving at four sites and two depth levels (15 and 30 m) in the Chalkidiki peninsula. We collected 23,090 specimens representing 278 animal species. Multivariate analysis showed mainly spatial differences in community structure, while the temporal ones were minimal. The ordination of sites showed a clear zonation pattern according to the different algal forms that cover the rocky substrate, with inclination the only environmental factor involved. The epifauna associated with the invasive alga was differently structured compared with three native seaweeds, showing increased species richness and abundance. The filamentous alga W. setacea was dominant in all seasons and depth levels, creating a stable habitat that contributed to the loss of seasonality in zoobenthic community structure.

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Nesting Henderson Reed-Warblers (Acrocephalus vaughani taiti) Studied by DNA Fingerprinting: Unrelated Coalitions in a Stable Habitat?

The Auk ◽

10.2307/4088768 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 112 (1) ◽

pp. 77-86 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Ian R. Hartley

Keyword(s):

Dna Fingerprinting ◽

Stable Habitat

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Contribution to the special issue on reptile cognition: Dealing with the unexpected: the effect of environmental variability on behavioural flexibility in a Mediterranean lizard

Behaviour ◽

10.1163/1568539x-bja10088 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-31

Author(s):

Gilles De Meester ◽

Alkyoni Sfendouraki-Basakarou ◽

Panayiotis Pafilis ◽

Raoul Van Damme

Keyword(s):

Problem Solving ◽

Reversal Learning ◽

Cognitive Abilities ◽

Environmental Variability ◽

Learning Task ◽

Behavioural Flexibility ◽

Variable Environments ◽

Two Populations ◽

Spatial Learning Task ◽

Stable Habitat

Abstract Harsh and variable environments have been hypothesized to both drive and constrain the evolution towards higher cognitive abilities and behavioural flexibility. In this study, we compared the cognitive abilities of island and mainland Aegean wall lizards (Podarcis erhardii), which were expected to live in respectively a more variable and a more stable habitat. We used four proxies of behavioural flexibility: a neophobia assay, a problem-solving test and a spatial + reversal learning task. Surprisingly, the two populations did not differ in neophobia or problem-solving. Insular lizards, however, outperformed mainland conspecifics in an initial spatial learning task, but were less successful during the subsequent reversal learning. Our results thus seem to indicate that the effect of environmental variability on cognition is complex, as it may favour some, but not all aspects of behavioural flexibility.

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