scholarly journals Lower Obesity Rate during Residence at High Altitude among a Military Population with Frequent Migration: A Quasi Experimental Model for Investigating Spatial Causation

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. e93493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jameson D. Voss ◽  
David B. Allison ◽  
Bryant J. Webber ◽  
Jean L. Otto ◽  
Leslie L. Clark
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
Experimental Model ◽  
Military Population ◽  
Obesity Rate ◽  
Quasi Experimental

Improved cookstoves and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in the rural Peruvian Andes: a quasi-experimental study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuliana Sanchez-Samaniego ◽  
Daniel Mäusezahl ◽  
Cesar Carcamo ◽  
Nicole Probst-Hensch ◽  
Héctor Verastegui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Trial Registration ◽  
Biomass Fuel ◽  
Household Air Pollution ◽  
Improved Cookstove ◽  
Open Fire ◽  
Quasi Experimental

Abstract Background: Household air pollution increases the risk of non-communicable diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases and metabolic syndrome. This study hypothesised that the reduction of household air pollution through the installation of improved cookstoves is associated with the prevalence of metabolic syndrome. We compared the prevalence of metabolic syndrome between adults using open fire stoves and using improved cookstoves in high altitude provinces of Cajabamba and San Marcos in rural Peruvian Andes.Methods: This is a quasi experimental study nested within a randomised controlled trial (parent study) of 317 children randomised in four study arms. The parents study applied a 2x2 factorial design with three single intervention arms (improved cookstove (ICS), early child development (ECD) and Control) and one combined arm (ICS-ECD). This study was conducted 6-10 months after the ICS intervention was implemented and all parents of the 317 children in the parent study were eligible to participate. Ventilated improved cookstoves using biomass fuel were provided to intervention homes. All participants answered a 24-hour food recall and underwent a physical examination for metabolic syndrome diagnosis. Results: A total of 385 participants were allocated to two groups of improved cookstove users with 190 (112 women and 78 men) and open-fire stove users with 195 (123 women and 72 men). Metabolic syndrome was detected in 21% of all participants and more frequently in women than men (26% versus 13%). In women, the improved cookstove intervention was a protective factor for metabolic syndrome (Prevalence Ratio= 0.70 (0.46 to 1.08), p=0.11). In addition, PR increased with age in women. In both gender, significantly lower PR was found in participants living ≥2500 meters above sea level (PR=0.65 (0.42 to 1.00), p=0.051 in women; (PR=0.25 (0.07 to 0.71), p=0.009 in men).Conclusions: The improved cookstove intervention reducing household air pollution is associated with a lower prevalence of MetS in women users. In addition, residential altitude is an important risk factor for metabolic syndrome even in high altitude populations. Keywords: biomass fuel ventilated improved cookstove, household air pollution, metabolic syndrome, high altitude, Peru Trial registration: Trial registration number ISRCTN26548981 at www.srctn.com . Registered retrospectively, Jan. 15 2018.

The effect of acupressure application on chemotherapy-induced nausea, vomiting, and anxiety in patients with breast cancer

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatma Genç ◽  
Mehtap Tan
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Experimental Model ◽  
Patient Information ◽  
Acupuncture Point ◽  
Beck Anxiety Inventory ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Experimental Group

AbstractObjective:The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of acupressure applied to the pericardium 6 (P6 or neiguan) acupuncture point on chemotherapy-induced nausea, vomiting, and anxiety in patients with breast cancer.Method:The study was conducted using a quasi-experimental model with a control group. It included a total of 64 patients with stages 1–3 breast cancer who received cycle two and more advanced chemotherapy in an ambulatory chemotherapy unit. There were 32 patients in the experimental group and 32 patients in the control group. Acupressure was applied to the P6 acupuncture point of patients in the experimental group with the help of a wristband. A Patient Information Form, the Beck Anxiety Inventory, and the Index of Nausea, Vomiting and Retching were employed to collect the data.Results:It was determined that the mean nausea, vomiting, and retching scores, the total (experience, occurrence, and distress) scores, and the mean anxiety scores for patients to whom acupressure was applied at the P6 acupuncture point were statistically significantly lower compared with the scores of patients in the control group.Significance of Results:The efficacy of applying acupressure was demonstrated. We determined that applying acupressure at the P6 point is effective in decreasing chemotherapy-induced nausea, vomiting, and anxiety in patients with breast cancer. Further research with more subjects is needed.

scholarly journals The impact of an educational film on promoting knowledge and attitudes toward HIV in soldiers of the Serbian armed forces

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (7) ◽  
pp. 569-575
Author(s):  
Zeljko Jadranin ◽  
Gordana Dedic ◽  
Freda Vaughan ◽  
Michael Grillo ◽  
Vesna Suljagic
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Educational Film ◽  
Hiv Knowledge ◽  
Military Population ◽  
Knowledge Questionnaire ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Viable Approach ◽  
The Impact

Background/Aim. Millions of soldiers around the world represent one of the most vulnerable populations regarding exposure to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The programs for HIV prevention remain the most viable approach to reducing the spread of HIV infection. Very few studies have tested the effectiveness of HIV preventive interventions undertaken in military population. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of educational film to transfer knowledge about HIV infection to soldiers. Methods. We performed a quasi-experimental study among 102 soldiers of the Serbian Armed Forces. The experimental intervention consisted of the HIV knowledge pre-questionnaire, watching a film on HIV knowledge, then the post-HIV knowledge questionnaire. The results of pre-and post-HIV knowledge questionnaires were compared. Results. There were 23 questions in the test. The average total score on the questionnaire before watching the film was 18.23 and after watching it was 20.14, which was statistically significant difference (p < 0.001). Conclusions. The results of the study show that viewing a film on HIV infection is an effective method of transferring knowledge about HIV to the Serbian military population.

scholarly journals High Altitude Headache and Acute Mountain Sickness at Moderate Elevations in a Military Population During Battalion-Level Training Exercises

2012 ◽  
Vol 177 (8) ◽  
pp. 917-923 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob N. Norris ◽  
Erik Viirre ◽  
Hilary Aralis ◽  
Michael K. Sracic ◽  
Darren Thomas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
Acute Mountain Sickness ◽  
Military Population ◽  
Mountain Sickness ◽  
Training Exercises ◽  
Level Training

scholarly journals The effect of ethnobotanic activities on learning performance of pre-service teachers about plants’ classification

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 384-400
Author(s):  
Selami Yangın
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Model ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Multiple Choice ◽  
The Other ◽  
Learning Performance ◽  
Multiple Choice Questions ◽  
Comprehensive Knowledge ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Subjective Views ◽  
Experimental Group

This study analyses the effectiveness of ethnobotanic activities on learning performance of pre-service teachers about plants’ classification. The research design was a quasi-experimental model. The results of the study revealed that the experimental group in which ethnobotanical activities were carried out was more successful for answers given to the interview form. On the other hand, there was no difference between the groups in multiple-choice questions. In other words, ethnobotanical practices have developed the subjective views of the students so they could have more comprehensive knowledge of the plants. These results suggest that ethnobotanic activities encourage pre-service teachers to think and talk through how to solve more open-ended problems that require making connections between analytical and practical components. This study also suggests the need to rethink how we teach botany to pre-service teachers, and how to help them learn the content better and establish more accurate conceptions of the biology content. Keywords: Ethnobotanic activities, learning performance, pre-service teachers.

scholarly journals PENGGUNAAN PENDEKATAN CONTEXTUAL TEACHING LEARNING BERBASIS MULTIMEDIA INTERAKTIF UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI DAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN IPA

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 342
Author(s):  
Irwanto Irwanto ◽  
Marliah Marliah
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Model ◽  
Interactive Multimedia ◽  
Fifth Grade ◽  
Learning Achievement ◽  
Fifth Grade Students ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Contextual Teaching ◽  
Teaching Learning ◽  
Science Subject

This research aims to (1) determine the motivation improvement in students whose teaching used interactive multimedia-based Contextual Teaching Learning (CTL) in science subject for the topic of respiration, (2) determine the learning achievement improvement in students whose teaching used interactive multimedia-based Contextual Teaching Learning (CTL) in science subject for the topic of respiration, (3) determine the correlation between motivation improvement and learning achievement improvement in students whose teaching used interactive multimedia-based Contextual Teaching Learning (CTL) in science subject for the topic of respiration. The method used in this research was a quasi-experimental model, and the design used was a one-group pretest-postest design. The research samples were 30 fifth grade students. Based on the research, the results showed: (1) there was a motivation improvement in students whose teaching used interactive multimedia-based Contextual Teaching Learning (CTL) in science subject for the topic of respiration, (2) there was a learning achievement improvement in students whose teaching used interactive multimedia-based Contextual Teaching Learning (CTL) in science subject for the topic of respiration, (3) there was no correlation between motivation improvement and learning achievement improvement in students whose teaching used interactive multimedia-based Contextual Teaching Learning (CTL) in science subject for the topic of respiration.

scholarly journals Analysis of brief Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for panic disorder

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-60
Author(s):  
Nelson Arturo Chicaiza
Keyword(s):  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Experimental Model ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Cultural Characteristics ◽  
Andean Region ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Quasi Experimental

The aim of this study was to determine if a modification made to the traditional treatments for panic disorder (PD) proved to be effective in adjusting to the cultural and economic characteristics of patients in the southern Andean Region of Colombia. A quasi-experimental model was used, measurements were taken before and after treatment and follow-ups took place after 1 and 2 years; the sample was made up of 82 people (47 women and 35 men, with an average age of 34 and 29 years respectively). Results showed a reduction of PD clinical symptoms after the treatment (d>0.8), the significance in all cases was p <0.001 and changes maintained throughout the follow up period. In conclusion, it is posible to draw the treatment closer to the socio-cultural characteristics of patients to whom it is directed and the number of sessions could be reduced maintaining the effectiveness of the treatment.

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