Extracellular Matrix Regulates UNC-6 (Netrin) Axon Guidance by Controlling the Direction of Intracellular UNC-40 (DCC) Outgrowth Activity

AbstractSubplate neurons indispensably orchestrate the developmental assembly of cortical neural circuits. Here, by cell type-specific dissection of Arid1a function, we uncover an unexpectedly selective role for this ubiquitous chromatin remodeler in subplate neuron molecular identity and circuit wiring function. We find that pan-cortical deletion of Arid1a, but not sparse deletion, leads to mistargeting of callosal and thalamocortical connectivities reminiscent of subplate ablation. These miswiring phenotypes are concomitant with disrupted subplate neuron organization, morphogenesis, axons, and extracellular matrix. Mechanistically, Arid1a is required to establish the transcriptional identity of subplate neurons. Remarkably, cortical plate deletion of Arid1a, which spares subplate neurons, restores subplate axons and extracellular matrix, and is sufficient to extensively correct callosal and thalamocortical axon misrouting, revealing an axon guidance function of Arid1a centered on the subplate. Thus, Arid1a regulates the molecular identity and function of subplate neurons, and thereby non-cell autonomously mediates the formation of cortical connectivity during development.

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Retinal axon guidance by region-specific cues in diencephalon

Development ◽

10.1242/dev.125.5.791 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 125 (5) ◽

pp. 791-801 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

R. Tuttle ◽

J.E. Braisted ◽

L.J. Richards ◽

D.D. O'Leary

Keyword(s):

Extracellular Matrix ◽

Axon Guidance ◽

Axon Growth ◽

Floor Plate ◽

Retinal Axons ◽

Stimulatory Activity ◽

Extracellular Matrix Molecules ◽

Retinal Axon

Retinal axons show region-specific patterning along the dorsal-ventral axis of diencephalon: retinal axons grow in a compact bundle over hypothalamus, dramatically splay out over thalamus, and circumvent epithalamus as they continue toward the dorsal midbrain. In vitro, retinal axons are repulsed by substrate-bound and soluble activities in hypothalamus and epithalamus, but invade thalamus. The repulsion is mimicked by a soluble floor plate activity. Tenascin and neurocan, extracellular matrix molecules that inhibit retinal axon growth in vitro, are enriched in hypothalamus and epithalamus. Within thalamus, a stimulatory activity is specifically upregulated in target nuclei at the time that retinal axons invade them. These findings suggest that region-specific, axon repulsive and stimulatory activities control retinal axon patterning in the embryonic diencephalon.

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It is all about the support — The role of the extracellular matrix in regenerating axon guidance

Cell Adhesion & Migration ◽

10.1080/19336918.2017.1291481 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Lea Roumazeilles ◽

Nikolaos Dokalis ◽

Eva Kaulich ◽

Vincent Lelievre

Keyword(s):

Extracellular Matrix ◽

Axon Guidance

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The Ret receptor regulates sensory neuron dendrite growth and integrin mediated adhesion

eLife ◽

10.7554/elife.05491 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 4 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Peter Soba ◽

Chun Han ◽

Yi Zheng ◽

Daniel Perea ◽

Irene Miguel-Aliaga ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Extracellular Matrix ◽

Cell Surface ◽

Axon Guidance ◽

Essential Role ◽

Receptive Fields ◽

Dendrite Development ◽

Neuron Dendrite ◽

Important Regulator ◽

Class Iv

Neurons develop highly stereotyped receptive fields by coordinated growth of their dendrites. Although cell surface cues play a major role in this process, few dendrite specific signals have been identified to date. We conducted an in vivo RNAi screen in Drosophila class IV dendritic arborization (C4da) neurons and identified the conserved Ret receptor, known to play a role in axon guidance, as an important regulator of dendrite development. The loss of Ret results in severe dendrite defects due to loss of extracellular matrix adhesion, thus impairing growth within a 2D plane. We provide evidence that Ret interacts with integrins to regulate dendrite adhesion via rac1. In addition, Ret is required for dendrite stability and normal F-actin distribution suggesting it has an essential role in dendrite maintenance. We propose novel functions for Ret as a regulator in dendrite patterning and adhesion distinct from its role in axon guidance.

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Cardiac myocytes cultured on a basement membrane extract of the ehs tumor

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100142979 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 44 ◽

pp. 270-271

Author(s):

L. Terracio ◽

A. Dewey ◽

K. Rubin ◽

T.K. Borg

Keyword(s):

Extracellular Matrix ◽

Basement Membrane ◽

Cardiac Myocytes ◽

Normal Tissue ◽

Cell Spreading ◽

Collagen Iv ◽

Basement Membrane Extract ◽

Membrane Extract ◽

Growth Development ◽

Multicellular Organisms

The recognition and interaction of cells with the extracellular matrix (ECM) effects the normal physiology as well as the pathology of all multicellular organisms. These interactions have been shown to influence the growth, development, and maintenance of normal tissue function. In previous studies, we have shown that neonatal cardiac myocytes specifically interacts with a variety of ECM components including fibronectin, laminin, and collagens I, III and IV. Culturing neonatal myocytes on laminin and collagen IV induces an increased rate of both cell spreading and sarcomerogenesis.

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Neutrophil migration through in vitro interstitial matrix

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100124872 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 50 (1) ◽

pp. 894-895

Author(s):

J. Roemer ◽

S.R. Simon

Keyword(s):

Extracellular Matrix ◽

Smooth Muscle ◽

Cell Migration ◽

Smooth Muscle Cells ◽

Inflammatory Cell ◽

Neutrophil Migration ◽

Culture Conditions ◽

Aortic Smooth Muscle ◽

Specific Culture

We are developing an in vitro interstitial extracellular matrix (ECM) system for study of inflammatory cell migration. Falcon brand Cyclopore membrane inserts of various pore sizes are used as a support substrate for production of ECM by R22 rat aortic smooth muscle cells. Under specific culture conditions these cells produce a highly insoluble matrix consisting of typical interstitial ECM components, i.e.: types I and III collagen, elastin, proteoglycans and fibronectin.

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The extracellular matrix of echinoderm and amphibian eggs: Visualization in quick-frozen, deep-etched, and rotary-shadowed specimens

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s042482010015784x ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 48 (3) ◽

pp. 60-61

Author(s):

Barry Bonnell ◽

Carolyn Larabell ◽

Douglas Chandler

Keyword(s):

Extracellular Matrix ◽

Plasma Membrane ◽

Sea Urchin ◽

Crystalline Structure ◽

Cortical Granule ◽

Two Dimensional ◽

Small Peptides ◽

Deep Etching ◽

Quick Freezing ◽

Acrosomal Reaction

Eggs of many species including those of echinoderms, amphibians and mammals exhibit an extensive extracellular matrix (ECM) that is important both in the reception of sperm and in providing a block to polyspermy after fertilization.In sea urchin eggs there are two distinctive coats, the vitelline layer which contains glycoprotein sperm receptors and the jelly layer that contains fucose sulfate glycoconjugates which trigger the acrosomal reaction and small peptides which act as chemoattractants for sperm. The vitelline layer (VL), as visualized by quick-freezing, deep-etching, and rotary-shadowing (QFDE-RS), is a fishnet-like structure, anchored to the plasma membrane by short posts. Orbiting above the VL are horizontal filaments which are thought to anchor the thicker jelly layer to the egg. Upon fertilization, the VL elevates and is transformed by cortical granule secretions into the fertilization envelope (FE). The rounded casts of microvilli in the VL are transformed into angular peaks and the envelope becomes coated inside and out with sheets of paracrystalline protein having a quasi-two dimensional crystalline structure.

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Extracellular matrix: the gatekeeper of tumor angiogenesis

Biochemical Society Transactions ◽

10.1042/bst20190653 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 47 (5) ◽

pp. 1543-1555 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Maurizio Mongiat ◽

Simone Buraschi ◽

Eva Andreuzzi ◽

Thomas Neill ◽

Renato V. Iozzo

Keyword(s):

Extracellular Matrix ◽

Tumor Angiogenesis ◽

Signaling Cascades ◽

Cancer Growth ◽

Cell Behavior ◽

Metastatic Progression ◽

Surface Receptors ◽

The Matrix ◽

Multiple Signaling

Abstract The extracellular matrix is a network of secreted macromolecules that provides a harmonious meshwork for the growth and homeostatic development of organisms. It conveys multiple signaling cascades affecting specific surface receptors that impact cell behavior. During cancer growth, this bioactive meshwork is remodeled and enriched in newly formed blood vessels, which provide nutrients and oxygen to the growing tumor cells. Remodeling of the tumor microenvironment leads to the formation of bioactive fragments that may have a distinct function from their parent molecules, and the balance among these factors directly influence cell viability and metastatic progression. Indeed, the matrix acts as a gatekeeper by regulating the access of cancer cells to nutrients. Here, we will critically evaluate the role of selected matrix constituents in regulating tumor angiogenesis and provide up-to-date information concerning their primary mechanisms of action.

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