Muscle strength and regional lean body mass influence on mineral bone health in young male adults

Purpose:Although muscle mass and strength are thought to be closely related to throwing performance, there are few scientific data about these parameters in elite shot-putters. The purpose of this case report was to present longitudinal data for muscle strength and body composition in relation to performance of an elite male shot-putter.Methods:A male national champion with the best rotational shot-put performance of 20.36 m (in 2010) was followed from 2003 to 2011 (current age: 29 y). Data regarding body composition (dual X-ray absorptiometry), as well as 1-repetition-maximum muscle strength (bench press, squat, snatch) and rotational shot-put performance, were collected every February for the last 9 y, 4 wk before the national indoor championship event.Results:The athlete’s personal-best performances in squat, bench press, and snatch were 175 kg, 210 kg, and 112.5 kg, respectively. His peak total lean body mass was 92.4 kg, bone mineral density 1.55 g/cm2, and lowest body fat 12.9%. His shot-put performance over these 9 years was significantly correlated with 1-repetition-maximum squat strength (r = .93, P < .01), bench press (r = .87, P < .01), and snatch (r = .92, P < .01). In contrast, shot-put performance was not significantly correlated with any of the body-composition parameters.Conclusions:The results of this case study suggest that elite rotational shot-put performance may not be directly correlated with lean body mass. Instead, it seems that it is closely related with measures of muscle strength.

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Strength and regional lean body mass association to mineral bone health v1 (protocols.io.kxacxie)

protocols.io ◽

10.17504/protocols.io.kxacxie ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Dalton Muller

Keyword(s):

Lean Body Mass ◽

Body Mass ◽

Bone Health

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Reduced Appendicular Lean Body Mass, Muscle Strength, and Size of Type II Muscle Fibers in Patients with Spondyloarthritis versus Healthy Controls: A Cross-Sectional Study

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1155/2016/6507692 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Kristine Røren Nordén ◽

Hanne Dagfinrud ◽

Amund Løvstad ◽

Truls Raastad

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Muscle Strength ◽

Lean Body Mass ◽

Body Mass ◽

Muscle Fibers ◽

Type I ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Type Ii ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Cross Sectional

Introduction. The purpose of this study was to investigate body composition, muscle function, and muscle morphology in patients with spondyloarthritis (SpA).Methods. Ten male SpA patients (mean ± SD age39±4.1years) were compared with ten healthy controls matched for sex, age, body mass index, and self-reported level of physical exercise. Body composition was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Musculus quadriceps femoris (QF) strength was assessed by maximal isometric contractions prior to test of muscular endurance. Magnetic resonance imaging of QF was used to measure muscle size and calculate specific muscle strength. Percutaneous needle biopsy samples were taken fromm. vastus lateralis.Results. SpA patients presented with significantly lower appendicular lean body mass (LBM) (p=0.02), but there was no difference in bone mineral density, fat mass, or total LBM. Absolute QF strength was significantly lower in SpA patients (p=0.03) with a parallel trend for specific strength (p=0.08). Biopsy samples from the SpA patients revealed significantly smaller cross-sectional area (CSA) of type II muscle fibers (p=0.04), but no difference in CSA type I fibers.Conclusions. Results indicate that the presence of SpA disease is associated with reduced appendicular LBM, muscle strength, and type II fiber CSA.

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The Effect of Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Insulin Resistance on Bone Health in Hispanic Children

Journal of the Endocrine Society ◽

10.1210/jendso/bvab048.1352 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. A662-A663

Author(s):

Reem S Shawar ◽

Maurice Puyau ◽

Roman Shypailo ◽

Salma Musaad ◽

Fida F Bacha

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Lean Body Mass ◽

Body Mass ◽

Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽

Fat Mass ◽

Bone Health ◽

Model Assessment ◽

Hispanic Youth ◽

Peak Vo2 ◽

Negative Effect

Abstract Obesity appears to have a negative impact on pediatric bone health, and insulin resistance may mediate this relationship. It is unclear if cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) has a protective effect on bone in obese children. We tested the hypothesis that CRF attenuates the negative effect of obesity and insulin resistance on skeletal health in a large cohort of Hispanic youth. We studied 413 (193 males and 220 females) children and adolescents from the Viva la Familia Study. They were all pubertal; mean age (SD) 13.4 ± 2.3 years; 27% were normal weight (NW), 19% overweight (OW) and 54% obese (OB). They underwent measurement of body composition, total body bone mineral content (BMC) and density (BMD) by DXA scan; VO2peak using the ramp protocol on a treadmill for CRF; fasting glucose and insulin. The homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated. BMC increased from NW to OW to OB (mean 1.35 ± 0.4, 1.41 ± 0.4, and 1.49 ± 0.4 kg, respectively, p=.005). Peak VO2 decreased from NW to OW to OB (41.3 ± 9.7, 35.5 ± 7.7, 28.9. ± 5.5 mL/kg per min, respectively, p <.001). After adjusting for sex, age and lean body mass, BMC was inversely related to fat mass (r = -0.34, p <.001) and HOMA-IR (r = -0.29, p <.001). Similar relationships were found for BMD. In a regression model with BMC as the dependent variable, lean body mass (standardized coefficient (β)=0.95, p <.001) was positively and fat mass (β=-0.18, p <0.001) negatively associated with BMC (model R2=0.88, p<.001). HOMA-IR (β=-0.07, p =0.001) and VO2peak (β=0.09, p =0.003) had significant and opposite associations with BMC (model p<.001) but fat mass was no longer a significant contributor. With BMD as the dependent variable, lean body mass (β=0.82, p <.001), HOMA-IR (β=-0.06, p =0.04) and peak VO2 (β=0.17, p <.001), but not fat mass, contributed to the variance in BMD (R2=0.79, p<.001). In conclusion, lean body mass is the major determinant of BMC and BMD in Hispanic youth. Adiposity associated insulin resistance has a negative effect on BMC and BMD. CRF contributes positively to the variance in BMC and BMD. This suggests that CRF and higher lean mass attenuate the adverse effects of insulin resistance on bone health in children.

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