scholarly journals Cigarette smoking as a risk factor for diabetic nephropathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. e0210213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Liao ◽  
Liang Ma ◽  
Jing Liu ◽  
Ping Fu
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Prospective Cohort Studies

P2637Hypertension as a risk factor for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in women compared with men: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Wang ◽  
J Nie ◽  
H Yu
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Sex Difference ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Excess Risk ◽  
Random Effects Models ◽  
Prospective Cohort Studies ◽  
Specific Mortality

Abstract Background What is more, some recent meta-analysis have demonstrated the sex difference between smoking, diabetes, and atrial fibrillation, and the risk of CVD mortality. Whether and to what extent the excess risk of cause-specific mortality from CVD death conferred by hypertension differs among women and men remain unclear. Objective A systematic review with meta-analysis was performed to explore whether and to what extent the excess risk of cause-specific mortality from CVD death conferred by hypertension differs among women and men. Methods PubMed and EMBASE was systematically searched for prospective cohort studies published from inception to 7 October 2017. Eligible studies reported sex-specific relative risk (RR) estimates for mortality of all-cause, CVD, coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke associated with hypertension. The data were pooled using random effects models with inverse variance weighting, and estimates of the women-to-men ratio of RRs (RRR) for each outcomes were derived. Results Twenty-four studies with 2,939,659 participants were included in this meta-analysis. The RR for CHD mortality associated with hypertension compared with no hypertension was 2.24 (95% CI 2.03–2.46) in women and 1. 72 (1.61–1.84) in men. The multiple-adjusted RRR for CHD mortality was 22% greater in women with hypertension than in men with hypertension (RRR 1.22, 95% CI 1.03–1.44) with no significant heterogencity between studies (I2=45%, P=0.11, Figure 1). No evidence was observed sex difference in the relationship between hypertension and the mortality from all-cause, CVD and stroke. Furthermore, the subgroup analyses showed that the pooled RRR for all-cause mortality, CVD and stroke mortality were not significantly associated with cohort region, the duration of follow-up, mean age of participants and the publication year of studies. Conclusions Hypertension is a major risk factor for all-cause, CVD, CHD and stroke among women and men. Moreover, women with hypertension have more than a 22% higher risk of CHD mortality compared with men with hypertension. Further studies need to identify the biological and/or lifestyle mechanisms involved in sex differences driving these associations.

scholarly journals Customary physical activity and odds of depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 111 prospective cohort studies

2021 ◽  
pp. bjsports-2020-103140
Author(s):  
Rodney K Dishman ◽  
Cillian P McDowell ◽  
Matthew Payton Herring
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Prospective Cohort Studies ◽  
Over Time

ObjectiveTo explore whether physical activity is inversely associated with the onset of depression, we quantified the cumulative association of customary physical activity with incident depression and with an increase in subclinical depressive symptoms over time as reported from prospective observational studies.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourcesMEDLINE, PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES and CINAHL Complete databases, supplemented by Google Scholar.Eligibility criteriaProspective cohort studies in adults, published prior to January 2020, reporting associations between physical activity and depression.Study appraisal and synthesisMultilevel random-effects meta-analysis was performed adjusting for study and cohort or region. Mixed-model meta-regression of putative modifiers.ResultsSearches yielded 111 reports including over 3 million adults sampled from 11 nations in five continents. Odds of incident cases of depression or an increase in subclinical depressive symptoms were reduced after exposure to physical activity (OR, 95% CI) in crude (0.69, 0.63 to 0.75; I2=93.7) and adjusted (0.79, 0.75 to 0.82; I2=87.6) analyses. Results were materially the same for incident depression and subclinical symptoms. Odds were lower after moderate or vigorous physical activity that met public health guidelines than after light physical activity. These odds were also lower when exposure to physical activity increased over time during a study period compared with the odds when physical activity was captured as a single baseline measure of exposure.ConclusionCustomary and increasing levels of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity in observational studies are inversely associated with incident depression and the onset of subclinical depressive symptoms among adults regardless of global region, gender, age or follow-up period.

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