S-adenosyl methionine synthetase SAMS-5 mediates dietary restriction-induced longevity in Caenorhabditis elegans

S-adenosyl methionine synthetase (SAMS) catalyzes the biosynthesis of S-adenosyl methionine (SAM), which serves as a universal methyl group donor for numerous biochemical reactions. Previous studies have clearly demonstrated that SAMS-1, a C. elegans homolog of mammalian SAMS, is critical for dietary restriction (DR)-induced longevity in Caenorhabditis elegans. In addition to SAMS-1, three other SAMS paralogs have been identified in C. elegans. However, their roles in longevity regulation have never been explored. Here, we show that depletion of sams-5, but not sams-3 or sams-4, can extend lifespan in worms. However, the phenotypes and expression pattern of sams-5 are distinct from sams-1, suggesting that these two SAMSs might regulate DR-induced longevity via different mechanisms. Through the genetic epistasis analysis, we have identified that sams-5 is required for DR-induced longevity in a pha-4/FOXA dependent manner.

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Optimizing Dietary Restriction for Genetic Epistasis Analysis and Gene Discovery in C. elegans

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0004535 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. e4535 ◽

Cited By ~ 62

Author(s):

William Mair ◽

Siler H. Panowski ◽

Reuben J. Shaw ◽

Andrew Dillin

Keyword(s):

Dietary Restriction ◽

Gene Discovery ◽

C Elegans ◽

Epistasis Analysis ◽

Genetic Epistasis

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Regulation of body length and male tail ray pattern formation of Caenorhabditis elegans by a member of TGF-beta family

Development ◽

10.1242/dev.126.6.1337 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 126 (6) ◽

pp. 1337-1347 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

K. Morita ◽

K.L. Chow ◽

N. Ueno

Keyword(s):

Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽

Body Length ◽

Target Genes ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Tgf Beta ◽

Wild Type ◽

Male Tail ◽

C Elegans ◽

Sensory Ray ◽

Epistasis Analysis

We have identified a new member of the TGF-beta superfamily, CET-1, from Caenorhabditis elegans, which is expressed in the ventral nerve cord and other neurons. cet-1 null mutants have shortened bodies and male tail abnormal phenotype resembling sma mutants, suggesting cet-1, sma-2, sma-3 and sma-4 share a common pathway. Overexpression experiments demonstrated that cet-1 function requires wild-type sma genes. Interestingly, CET-1 appears to affect body length in a dose-dependent manner. Heterozygotes for cet-1 displayed body lengths ranging between null mutant and wild type, and overexpression of CET-1 in wild-type worms elongated body length close to lon mutants. In male sensory ray patterning, lack of cet-1 function results in ray fusions. Epistasis analysis revealed that mab-21 lies downstream and is negatively regulated by the cet-1/sma pathway in the male tail. Our results show that cet-1 controls diverse biological processes during C. elegans development probably through different target genes.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of The Sexual Dimorphism of Dietary Restriction Responsiveness in Caenorhabditis elegans.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.732369793.793542727 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Sylvia Lee

Keyword(s):

Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽

Sexual Dimorphism ◽

Dietary Restriction

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A Cuticle Collagen Encoded by the lon-3 Gene May Be a Target of TGF-β Signaling in Determining Caenorhabditis elegans Body Shape

Genetics ◽

10.1093/genetics/162.4.1631 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 162 (4) ◽

pp. 1631-1639

Author(s):

Yo Suzuki ◽

Gail A Morris ◽

Min Han ◽

William B Wood

Keyword(s):

Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽

Body Shape ◽

Small Body ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Loss Of Function ◽

Cellular Mechanisms ◽

C Elegans ◽

Gene Expression Analyses ◽

Dose Dependent

Abstract The signaling pathway initiated by the TGF-β family member DBL-1 in Caenorhabditis elegans controls body shape in a dose-dependent manner. Loss-of-function (lf) mutations in the dbl-1 gene cause a short, small body (Sma phenotype), whereas overexpression of dbl-1 causes a long body (Lon phenotype). To understand the cellular mechanisms underlying these phenotypes, we have isolated suppressors of the Sma phenotype resulting from a dbl-1(lf) mutation. Two of these suppressors are mutations in the lon-3 gene, of which four additional alleles are known. We show that lon-3 encodes a collagen that is a component of the C. elegans cuticle. Genetic and reporter-gene expression analyses suggest that lon-3 is involved in determination of body shape and is post-transcriptionally regulated by the dbl-1 pathway. These results support the possibility that TGF-β signaling controls C. elegans body shape by regulating cuticle composition.

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Complexity of Developmental Control: Analysis of Embryonic Cell Lineage Specification in Caenorhabditis elegans Using pes-1 as an Early Marker

Genetics ◽

10.1093/genetics/151.1.131 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 151 (1) ◽

pp. 131-141

Author(s):

Laurent Molin ◽

Heinke Schnabel ◽

Titus Kaletta ◽

Richard Feichtinger ◽

Ian A Hope ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽

Expression Pattern ◽

Fusion Gene ◽

Ectopic Expression ◽

Gene Expression Pattern ◽

Embryonic Cell ◽

Control Analysis ◽

Normal Pattern ◽

Variable Expression ◽

Founder Cells

Abstract In the early Caenorhabditis elegans embryo five somatic founder cells are born during the first cleavages. The first of these founder cells, named AB, gives rise to 389 of the 558 nuclei present in the hatching larva. Very few genes directly involved in the specification of the AB lineage have been identified so far. Here we describe a screen of a large collection of maternal-effect embryonic lethal mutations for their effect on the early expression of a pes-1::lacZ fusion gene. This fusion gene is expressed in a characteristic pattern in 14 of the 32 AB descendants present shortly after the initiation of gastrulation. Of the 37 mutations in 36 genes suspected to be required specifically during development, 12 alter the expression of the pes-1::lacZ marker construct. The gene expression pattern alterations are of four types: reduction of expression, variable expression, ectopic expression in addition to the normal pattern, and reduction of the normal pattern together with ectopic expression. We estimate that ∼100 maternal functions are required to establish the pes-1 expression pattern in the early embryo.

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Pyruvate imbalance mediates metabolic reprogramming and mimics lifespan extension by dietary restriction in Caenorhabditis elegans

Aging Cell ◽

10.1111/j.1474-9726.2010.00640.x ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 39-54 ◽

Cited By ~ 52

Author(s):

Laurent Mouchiroud ◽

Laurent Molin ◽

Prasad Kasturi ◽

Mohamed N. Triba ◽

Marc Emmanuel Dumas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽

Dietary Restriction ◽

Metabolic Reprogramming ◽

Lifespan Extension

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The defense response of Caenorhabditis elegans to Cutibacterium acnes SK137 via the TIR-1-p38 MAPK signaling pathway

Bioscience Biotechnology and Biochemistry ◽

10.1093/bbb/zbab218 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ayano Tsuru ◽

Yumi Hamazaki ◽

Shuta Tomida ◽

Mohammad Shaokat Ali ◽

Eriko Kage-Nakadai

Keyword(s):

Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽

Signaling Pathway ◽

P38 Mapk ◽

Defense Response ◽

Mapk Pathway ◽

Defense Responses ◽

Mapk Signaling ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Healthy Skin ◽

Cutibacterium Acnes

Abstract Cutibacterium acnes plays roles in both acne disease and healthy skin ecosystem. We observed that mutations in the tir-1/SARM1 and p38 MAPK cascade genes significantly shortened Caenorhabditis elegans lifespan upon Cutibacterium acnes SK137 infection. Antimicrobial molecules were induced by SK137 in a TIR-1-dependent manner. These results suggest that defense responses against SK137 involve the TIR-1-p38 MAPK pathway in Caenorhabditis elegans.

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