scholarly journals Cryolipolysis-induced abdominal fat change: Split-body trials

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0242782
Author(s):  
In Cheol Hwang ◽  
Kyoung Kon Kim ◽  
Kyu Rae Lee
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Visceral Adipose

Cryolipolysis has been considered as a noninvasive alternative to surgical procedures for reducing subcutaneous fat without affecting the surrounding tissues. However, no clinical trial has investigated changes in the abdominal fat tissue by 12 weeks after cryolipolysis. Therefore, in this split-body trial, we explored whether a single session of unilateral cryolipolysis could change visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue over a period of 12 weeks. We compared the cross-sectional areas of the abdominal adipose tissue of 15 subjects (9 women; 38.3 [10.8] years) by computed tomography before and at 12 weeks after a single treatment of cryolipolysis to the left abdomen and used the right abdomen as untreated control. In addition, we measured participants’ waist circumference, percentage of body fat (by bioelectrical impedance analysis) at baseline and at 6- and 12-weeks post-treatment. Single unilateral cryolipolysis tended to reduce the cross-sectional areas of visceral adipose tissue, by 8.4 cm2 (9.9%), the waist circumferences, and the percent body fat, by 2.8 cm2 (0.6%), overall. The cross-sectional area of visceral adipose tissues on the treated side significantly decreased, by 6.8 cm2 (15.6%; P = 0.003), and that of the untreated side tended to decrease by 1.2 cm2 (3.6%). Thus, a single unilateral session of noninvasive selective cryolipolysis can be considered as a safe and effective treatment for reduction of visceral adipose tissue over a period of 12 weeks, which should result in metabolic improvement.

scholarly journals Associations of active commuting with body fat and visceral adipose tissue: A cross-sectional population based study in the UK

2018 ◽  
Vol 106 ◽  
pp. 86-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver T. Mytton ◽  
David Ogilvie ◽  
Simon Griffin ◽  
Søren Brage ◽  
Nick Wareham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Active Commuting ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Visceral Adipose

scholarly journals CT-defined visceral adipose tissue thresholds for identifying metabolic complications: a cross-sectional study in the United Arab Emirates

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. e031181
Author(s):  
Sunmi Yoo ◽  
Myung-Whun Sung ◽  
Hongdae Kim
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Metabolic Complications ◽  
Visceral Adipose

ObjectivesVisceral adipose tissue (VAT) is closely related to obesity complications. We aimed to determine the optimal sex-specific and age-specific VAT thresholds for predicting metabolic complications among individuals living in the United Arab Emirates (UAE).DesignRetrospective cross-sectional study.SettingWe reviewed medical records of adults who visited a hospital in the UAE.ParticipantsA total of 369 subjects were included in the final analysis after application of inclusion and exclusion criteria.Primary outcome measuresThe prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MES).ResultsMES measures excluding waist circumference were present in 73.4% of women and 78.5% of men. VAT areas adjusted for age were significantly greater in the MES group compared with the non-MES group regardless of sex (p<0.05 for all relations); however, subcutaneous adipose tissue areas adjusted for age were not significantly different. Areas under the curve used to predict MES were statistically significant for VAT and visceral to subcutaneous fat ratios among both men and women. Identified cut-off values of VAT to predict MES were 132.0 cm2 in both sexes for individuals under the age of 50 years. For those over 50 years of age, VAT thresholds were greater in women compared with men (173 cm2 vs 124.3 cm2, respectively).ConclusionsOptimal VAT cut-offs to predict MES were 132 cm2 for individuals under 50 years old living in the UAE. These measures are potential target visceral fat values that could be used to reduce obesity-related morbidity in populations with pre-existing metabolic complications.

scholarly journals Relationships between body roundness with body fat and visceral adipose tissue emerging from a new geometrical model

Obesity ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 2264-2271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana M. Thomas ◽  
Carl Bredlau ◽  
Anja Bosy-Westphal ◽  
Manfred Mueller ◽  
Wei Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Geometrical Model ◽  
Visceral Adipose

Abstract 5822: Atherosclerotic Plaque Inflammation Synchronize With Inflammatory Activity OF Visceral Fat

Circulation ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 118 (suppl_18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eung Ju Kim ◽  
Hong Seog Seo ◽  
Sungeun Kim ◽  
Jin Oh Na ◽  
Jae Hyoung Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaque ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Fdg Uptake ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Plaque Inflammation ◽  
Visceral Adipose

Background: Visceral adipose tissue is thought to confer increased cardiovascular risk through leukocyte infiltration and increased adipose macrophage activity. Previous positron emission tomography (PET) studies using fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) demonstrated that increased FDG uptake could reflect the severity of inflammation in atherosclerotic plaque. We hypothesized that active atherosclerotic change in the major arteries would accompany increased inflammation within visceral fat and it could be detected in humans using combined FDG PET/computed tomography (CT). Methods: We observed 44 consecutive subjects with cardiovascular disease. For all of them, an one-hour PET/CT (from brain to foot) was performed after injection of FDG (370–555 MBq). FDG uptake in the aorta or its major branches was evaluated visually and semiquantitatively. Maximal standard uptake values (SUV) of the highest regions of interest were calculated in the subcutaneous fat and visceral fat area, separately. Results: Significant FDG uptake in the arterial wall was noted in 21 patients (plaque positive; PP group), all of whom have experienced acute cardiovascular events (acute coronary syndrome or ischemic stroke) within a week. The other 23 patients (plaque negative; PN group) had chronic stable angina or asymptomatic carotid stenosis. Visceral fat SUV was significantly higher as compared to subcutaneous fat SUV (0.49± 0.15 vs. 0.15± 0.05, p< 0.001) in PP group, whereas there was no significant difference in PN group (0.18± 0.07 vs. 0.16± 0.03, p= 0.622). When we compared two groups, PP group showed higher visceral fat SUV than PN group (p< 0.001). In terms of subcutaneous fat SUV, the results were similar in two groups (p= 0.773). Conclusions: We demonstrated that atherosclerotic plaque inflammation was associated with increased inflammation within visceral fat. Our results need to be confirmed by comparison with histologic or other imaging findings. Further evaluation to determine whether metabolic activity of visceral adipose tissue is a marker or mediator of vascular inflammation is also needed.

scholarly journals Adherence to a plant-based diet in relation to adipose tissue volumes and liver fat content

2020 ◽  
Vol 112 (2) ◽  
pp. 354-363
Author(s):  
Ilka Ratjen ◽  
Jakub Morze ◽  
Janna Enderle ◽  
Marcus Both ◽  
Jan Borggrefe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Liver Fat ◽  
Healthy Plant ◽  
Liver Fat Content ◽  
Subcutaneous Abdominal Adipose Tissue ◽  
Visceral Adipose

ABSTRACT Background Better adherence to plant-based diets has been linked to lower risk of metabolic diseases but the effect on abdominal fat distribution and liver fat content is unclear. Objectives We aimed to examine the association between different plant-based diet indices and measures of abdominal fat distribution and liver fat content. Methods In a population-based sample of 578 individuals from Northern Germany (57% male, median age 62 y), diet was assessed with a validated FFQ and an overall, a healthy, and an unhealthy plant-based diet index were derived. Participants underwent MRI to assess volumes of visceral and subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue and liver signal intensity (LSI), a measure of liver fat content. Fatty liver disease (FLD) was defined as log LSI ≥3.0. Cross-sectional associations of the plant-based diet indices with visceral and subcutaneous abdominal fat volumes, LSI, and FLD were assessed in linear and logistic regression analyses. The most comprehensive model adjusted for age, sex, education, smoking, alcohol, physical activity, energy intake, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and BMI. Results Higher overall and healthy plant-based diet indices both revealed statistically significant associations with lower visceral and subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue volumes and with lower odds of FLD in multivariable-adjusted models without BMI. Upon additional adjustment for BMI, only the association of the healthy plant-based diet with visceral adipose tissue remained statistically significant (per 10-point higher healthy plant-based diet index, percentage change in visceral adipose tissue: −4.9%, 95% CI: −8.6%, −2.0%). None of the plant-based diet indices was associated with LSI. The unhealthy plant-based diet index was unrelated to any of the abdominal or liver fat parameters. Conclusions Adherence to healthy plant-based diets was associated with lower visceral adipose tissue. None of the other examined associations remained statistically significant after adjustment for BMI.

scholarly journals Serum Kisspeptin and Its Relation to Metabolic Parameters and Glucose Metabolism in Prepubertal and Pubertal Obese Children

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Kochakorn Sithinamsuwan ◽  
Pat Mahachoklertwattana ◽  
Somboon Wankanit ◽  
Suwannee Chanprasertyothin ◽  
Sarunyu Pongratanakul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Tanner Stage ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Metabolic Parameters ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objective. Kisspeptin, a puberty control neuropeptide, has been discovered to have an additional role in metabolism and glucose homeostasis regulation. This study aimed to determine the association of serum kisspeptin with metabolic parameters and glucose metabolism in obese children. Design, Patients and Measurements. A cross-sectional study of 270 obese children was conducted. All children underwent an oral glucose tolerance test and had serum kisspeptin, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and lipid profile measurements. Body fat mass was assessed by bioelectrical impedance analysis. Serum kisspeptin levels of both prepubertal and pubertal children with two HbA1c ranges, <5.7% (normal range) and 5.7–6.4% (prediabetes range), were analyzed and correlated with metabolic parameters and glucose metabolism status. Results. The median (IQR) serum kisspeptin level of only pubertal (not prepubertal) children with prediabetes HbA1c was higher than those with normal HbA1c (53.2 (33.9, 69.8) and 37.8 (29.6, 67.5) pg/mL; p = 0.015 , respectively). There were no differences in serum kisspeptin levels among children with different glucose metabolism status. During pubertal progression, serum kisspeptin reached the highest level at Tanner stage II only in obese boys. Additionally, there was a positive correlation between serum kisspeptin and HbA1c after adjusting for puberty (β = 12.87; p = 0.001 ). No correlations between serum kisspeptin and insulin sensitivity indices, insulin secretion indices, lipid profile, blood glucose, as well as percentage of body fat were demonstrated. Conclusions. Serum kisspeptin levels in pubertal obese children with prediabetes HbA1c were greater than those with normal HbA1c. Serum kisspeptin was positively associated with HbA1c, but not with glucose metabolism status.

scholarly journals Excessive adiposity at low BMI levels among women in rural Bangladesh

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saijuddin Shaikh ◽  
Jessica Jones-Smith ◽  
Kerry Schulze ◽  
Hasmot Ali ◽  
Parul Christian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Roc Curves ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Percentage Body Fat ◽  
Asian Populations ◽  
Low Bmi ◽  
Excessive Adiposity

AbstractAsian populations have a higher percentage body fat (%BF) and are at higher risk for CVD and related complications at a given BMI compared with those of European descent. We explored whether %BF was disproportionately elevated in rural Bangladeshi women with low BMI. Height, weight, mid-upper arm circumference, triceps and subscapular skinfolds and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) were measured in 1555 women at 3 months postpartum. %BF was assessed by skinfolds and by BIA. BMI was calculated in adults and BMI Z-scores were calculated for females <20 years old. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves found the BMI and BMI Z-score cut-offs that optimally classified women as having moderately excessive adipose tissue (defined as >30 % body fat). Linear regressions estimated the association between BMI and BMI Z-score (among adolescents) and %BF. Mean BMI was 19·2 (sd 2·2) kg/m2, and mean %BF was calculated as 23·7 (sd 4·8) % by skinfolds and 23·3 (sd 4·9) % by BIA. ROC analyses indicated that a BMI value of approximately 21 kg/m2 optimised sensitivity (83·6 %) and specificity (84·2 %) for classifying subjects with >30 % body fat according to BIA among adults. This BMI level is substantially lower than the WHO recommended standard cut-off point of BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2. The equivalent cut-off among adolescents was a BMI Z-score of –0·36, with a sensitivity of 81·3 % and specificity of 80·9 %. These findings suggest that Bangladeshi women exhibit excess adipose tissue at substantially lower BMI compared with non-South Asian populations. This is important for the identification and prevention of obesity-related metabolic diseases.

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