scholarly journals Compliance of commercial motorcycle riders with road safety regulations in a peri-urban town of Ghana

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0246965
Author(s):  
Dorcas Hagan ◽  
Elvis E. Tarkang ◽  
Fortress Yayra Aku
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Safety Regulations ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Background While motorcycles are essential for moving people and goods, they are also, a significant contributor to Road Traffic Accidents (RTAs), making it a public health issue of concern globally. The Hohoe Municipal Hospital records increasing RTAs due to commercial motorcycles. Determining motorcycle riders’ compliance with road safety regulations is critical in helping to curb this menace. Method A cross-sectional study was employed involving a multistage sample of 238 motorcycle riders. Data were collected using a pretested structured questionnaire and entered into Epi Data version 3.2 software and exported to STATA software version 12 for analysis. Descriptive and inferential analyses were done while statistical significance was determined at 95% reliability interval and p-value of 0.05. Findings The level of compliance with road safety regulations among respondents was 59.2%. The mean age of respondents was 29.9 ± 7.9 years, and all respondents were males. Respondents who did not own their motorbikes were 0.39 times less likely to comply with road safety regulations compared to their counterparts who owned one, while those without alternate occupations were 0.51times less likely to comply with road safety regulations compared to those with an additional occupation. Those aged between 30–39 years and 40–49 years were 2.37 and 4.1 times more likely to comply with road safety regulations, respectively, compared to those aged ≤29 years, and those who did not smoke were 3.15 times more likely to comply with road safety regulations than those who smoked. Conclusion Compliance to safety regulations are fairly low and although motorcycle usage on a commercial basis is yet to be legalised in Ghana, routine education targeting riders who smoke, do not have alternate occupations, do not own motorbikes and younger riders will improve their compliance. Also, riders should be encouraged to obtain their license from the appropriate authorities.

scholarly journals Prevalence, Pattern and Correlates of Intimate Partner Violence among Postpartum Women in Osogbo, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Adejoke Deborah ◽  
Abiodun Afolabi Benjamin ◽  
Ibigbami Olanrewaju
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
P Value ◽  
Postpartum Women ◽  
Cross Sectional

Aim: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a public health issue in both developed and developing countries. It is one of the most common forms of violence against women. It affects all ethnic groups and it is not impeded by cultural, socio-economic or religious barriers. IPV in postpartum women can increase the risk of homicide and suicide. The study aimed to assess the prevalence, pattern and correlates of IPV among postpartum women attending postnatal and infant welfare clinics of LAUTECH Teaching Hospital, Osogbo. Study Design: This was a cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at LTH, Osogbo Nigeria between September and November 2015. Methodology: This was study conducted among 220 consenting postpartum women using Composite Abuse Scale and socio-demographic questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21. The level of statistical significance was set at p-value less than 0.05. Results: Prevalence of IPV was 26.8%, patterns of IPV were physical abuse 14.5%. Emotional abuse, 26.3, severe combined abuse 9.9% and Harassment 14.5%. IPV was significantly associated with support from respondents’ partner during pregnancy (χ2= 5.470, p=0.019) and partner’s religion. (χ2= 7.746, p= 0.010) The odd ratio for those who had partner’s support was less than 1. (OR =0.337, p=0.014, CI=0.141-0.803). Conclusion: The prevalence of IPV is high among postpartum women. Increased media campaign about intimate partner violence and preventive measures is urgently needed.

scholarly journals Study on socio-demographic determinants of knowledge and practice regarding road safety among medical students of CIMS, Bilaspur (C.G.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 3440
Author(s):  
Vivek Sharma ◽  
Shailesh K. Kawale ◽  
Hemlata Thakur
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Verbal Response ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
Traffic Signs ◽  
Level Of Knowledge

Background: An accident has been defined as an unpremeditated event resulting in recognizable damage. Youths constitute the most vulnerable group to get into the road traffic accidents so they need significant level of awareness and realization of their knowledge gap regarding road safety measures. The aims and objectives of the study were to find out the level of knowledge about road traffic signs; to assess the practice of medical students towards road traffic rulesMethods: A cross sectional study was conducted among willing undergraduate M.B.B.S. students enrolled in CIMS, Bilaspur. We recorded verbal response of participants by interview with the use of pre designed & pre tested questionnaire.Results: Total 289 students were participated in our study. 139 were female and 150 were male, 75 students were below 20 year of age, 89 were living with their parents. In our study we found that student’s age >20 years have more knowledge (36%) of road traffic signs than students aged ≤20 years (28%). Boys have more knowledge (36.66%) of road traffic signs than girls (30.93%). Students living without parents have more knowledge of road traffic signs over students living with their parents. More sensible practice was seen in students >20 years of age, more careful practice seen in male over female and more responsible practice was seen in students living with their parents.Conclusions: The level of knowledge regarding road signs and symbol among study participants was not satisfactory. But regarding practice most of the participants were using the safety measures occasionally.

scholarly journals Prevalence of road traffic accident in children: retrospective study in tertiary centre

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 477
Author(s):  
Mallikarjuna G. P. ◽  
Latha G. S. ◽  
Veeresh Babu D. V. ◽  
Thejraj H. K.
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Type Of Injury ◽  
Traffic Rules

Background: Road traffic accidents (RTA) are the leading cause of unnatural deaths in the world and a major burden on the world’s economy. The aim was to study the prevalence of road traffic accident among children.Methods: It is a retrospective cross sectional study. Data collected from the hospital records in PICU. Children studied are either admitted directly for road traffic accident or referred to our centre for complicated injuries. children of 1 to 18 years are studied, details of address, locality (either rural, urban) road safety precautions used, mode of injury, type of vehicle, type of injury, number of passengers, complications, outcome of injury are collected and entered in prescribed proforma, and impact of each one is analysed and magnitude is studied. Study period was from June 2014 to June 2016.Results: This study shows that road traffic accident prevalence is more in 15-18 year age group (31%), and males are affected more commonly (79.5%), among these majority of children were from rural area (73%), more common type of injury were complicated injuries (85.1%). Children travelling in 2 wheelers were affected more (74.9%). Results analysed with age of victims and type of injury, p value <0.05 is considered significant.Conclusions: To bring the mortality rate down, children especially with rural background should be made aware about the importance of strict compliance to traffic rules and regulations. Government need to start implementing traffic rules awareness programme among rural people.

scholarly journals Awareness and practice regarding road safety among toto (e-rickshaw) drivers in Burdwan Town, West Bengal

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 3090 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pramit Goswami ◽  
Abhishek Paul ◽  
Md. Samsuzzaman ◽  
Sima Roy ◽  
Dilip Kumar Das
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Global Epidemic ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Knowledge And Practice

Background: Global epidemic of traffic injuries are increasing rapidly. Unless immediate measures are taken, deaths due to road traffic accidents will rise to the fifth leading cause of deaths by 2030. Recently E-Rickshaws (locally known as ‘Toto’) have gained immense popularity. However, the awareness and practice regarding road safety issues among e-rickshaws drivers is yet to be documented. The study was conducted to assess their knowledge and practices regarding traffic rules and road safety measures, and to find out association of their knowledge and practice with socio-demographic characteristics.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from September-November 2017 at Burdwan Municipality. Assuming 50% prevalence of good knowledge, 10% relative-precision and 10% non-response; calculated sample size was 422. Convenient sampling technique was used due to uneven distribution of study subjects. Equal numbers of participants were included from seven prominent locations of municipality. Depending upon the responses the overall knowledge and practice were grouped into three categories (i.e. good/average/poor) and two categories (i.e. favourable/unfavourable) respectively.Results: 78.2% and 97.16% drivers were unaware about maximum permissible speed limit of e-rickshaws and the ‘cross-road ahead’ signal respectively. 86.73% had unfavourable practice regarding carrying recommended maximum number of passengers. Overall 16.6% drivers had good road safety knowledge and 21.8% had favourable practice. Significant association was found between knowledge and practice with age and educational status of the participants. Practice was also significantly associated with their income status.Conclusions: Overall knowledge and practice regarding road safety was low among the e-rickshaw drivers. Targeted interventions are recommended for improvement. 

Influence of environmental factors on road traffic accidents: Hospital based cross sectional study at Tirupati

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Bayapa Reddy N. ◽  
Shakeer Kahn P. ◽  
Surendra Babu D. ◽  
Khadervali N. ◽  
Chandrasekhar C. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

The Prevalence of Insecticide Treated Net/malaria :cross section study (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chanda Chalela
Keyword(s):  
Study Design ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Malaria Prevalence ◽  
Malaria Patient ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Itn Use ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

BACKGROUND ABSTRACT Introduction a study on prevalence of ITN use was carried out in Buchi community Kitwe Zambia from August to October 2019 OBJECTIVE Prevalence of ITN in BUchi METHODS Methodology: This was a cross sectional study design. A structured questionnaire was used to ascertain ownership and utilization and oral interviews, 200 households were targeted 844 individual covered across the 200 households. Data was analyzed with SPSS version 23. RESULTS ABSTRACT Introduction a study on prevalence of ITN use was carried out in Buchi community Kitwe Zambia from August to October 2019 Methodology: This was a cross sectional study design. A structured questionnaire was used to ascertain ownership and utilization and oral interviews, 200 households were targeted 844 individual covered across the 200 households. Data was analyzed with SPSS version 23. Findings: household ownership of at least an ITN was 52% and individual utilization at 37.6%, with 0.825 ITN/households and 0.195ITN /individual. Malaria prevalence of 52.4% /household and a 12.4% of the population. With 47.6% malaria patient coming from households with ITN and 60% of households with ITN have insufficient coverage.61% of malaria patient were female and 31 % male. however there was no significant relation between Gender and malaria prevalence in study area (p value was >0.05). Malaria cases distribution with age groups, 0-15yrs old represented 49.5%, 16-30 yrs., was at 27.6% and the over 30 yrs. case were at 22.9% .use of other preventive measures 23% used mosquito repellent ,others methods 1% with those not using any other methods 76%. CONCLUSIONS Conclusion The study showed clearly that malaria still poses a problem .the prevalence rate of malaria was still high 12.4% of the population and 52.4% of households. With high prevalence of malaria of 49.5% for 0-15yrs.the difference between ownership 52% and Utilization 37.6% showed that even household with ITN, the ITN were not sufficient.60% of households with ITN, the ITN were not sufficient for all occupants

scholarly journals A "miracle" cancer drug in the era of social media: A survey of Brazilian oncologists' opinions and experience with phosphoethanolamine

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-77
Author(s):  
Juliana Florinda M. Rêgo ◽  
◽  
Gilberto Lopes ◽  
Rachel P. Riechelmann ◽  
Cinthya Sternberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Alternative Therapy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cancer Drug ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Brazilian Society ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
E Mail ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Summary Introduction: Patients who are treating cancer have often used alternative therapies. In the internet era, information can be broadcasted widely, and this happened with phosphoethanolamine in Brazil, where this substance was claimed by the population to be the "cure for cancer." Method: This is a cross-sectional study developed by the Brazilian Society of Clinical Oncology (SBOC). An objectively structured questionnaire was sent by e-mail and SMS to active MDs members of the SBOC. Descriptive statistics was used to evaluate the data. Statistical significance between the variables was tested by Pearson's Chi-squared test (p<0.05 was considered significance). Results: The survey was sent to 1,072 oncologists, and 398 (37.1%) answered at least part of it. One hundred and fifteen (28.9%) had followed patients who had used phosphoethanolamine. Among these, 14 (12.2%) observed adverse events and four (3.5%) attributed clinical benefit to the substance. Most of the oncologists (n=331; 83.2%) believe that it should only be used as part of a clinical trial protocol. Most physicians did not recommend this drug to their patients (n=311; 78.1%). Oncologists in Southeast, South and Midwest Brazil were more likely to have patients taking the drug compared to the Northern and Northeastern regions. Conclusion: This is the first survey to assess the opinion and experience of oncologists about this alternative therapy. Most oncologists in Brazil do not believe that synthetic phosphoethanolamine is active in cancer treatment, do not recommend its use without proper evaluation, and state that it should only be available to patients in the context of clinical trials.

scholarly journals Perception on Management of Nursing Education Institutes among Bachelors Students in Selected Nursing Colleges at Kathmandu

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-36
Author(s):  
Bhuwan Kumari Dangol ◽  
Narbada Thapa
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Education ◽  
Nursing Students ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Education Institution ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Current Status ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Organizational Goals

Management is a process of planning, decision making, organizing, leading, motivating and controlling, and an effective utilization of the resources to reach the organizational goals efficiently and effectively. Management has a crucial role in quality of work and production in any institutions. Although a rapid increase of Nursing Education Institutions in Nepal since last decade which had been trained thousands of nursing cadres, the management aspects of these institutions are not studied adequately. Thus current study intended to explore the current status of Nursing Education Institution Management as experienced and perceived by the bachelors nursing students. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among the nursing institutions in Kathmandu valley. Of the total 28 in the valley, 14 were selected purposively. From the selected institutions, all 377 eligible students currently in final year of study were selected. Among them, 208were from BSN and 169 were from B Sc program.  The data was collected through the self administered structured questioners after taking informed consent. Data entry and analysis was done in SPSS version 16 software. The findings of the study show that 70% students were satisfied in institutional management (mean59.62, SD ± 3.66). In academic management (78%), (mean139.82, SD ± 6.22), followed by human resources 67%, (mean43.54, SD ± 2.79) and were in physical resources management 75% students were satisfied (mean45.02, SD ± 3.08). Analysis of variations between group (administrators, faculties, students) found statistical significance (p value <0.05). So it is concluded the perception of students, faculties and administrator were different on managing the nursing education.

scholarly journals Climate Change Awareness and related Tree Planting Practices in a Rural Community in North-Western Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-49
Author(s):  
A.A. Gobir ◽  
A.A. Aliyu ◽  
A.A. Abubakar ◽  
C. Esekhaigbe ◽  
I.A. Joshua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Tree Planting ◽  
P Value ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Household Heads ◽  
Tree Cutting ◽  
Fire Wood

Background: Tree cutting is one of the causes of climate change and a common practice in Africa, a continent under significant threat from climate change. Therefore, climate change awareness and mitigation are vital to reducing its impacts in the region. Reforestation through planting of trees is an important carbon emission reduction strategy. This study assessed climate change awareness and related tree planting practices among household heads in a Nigerian rural community.Methods: A community-based descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted in April 2019 among all household heads in Nasarawan Buhari community. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from the 104 household heads (or their representatives). Data was analyzed using SPSS (version 21.0) and statistical significance was set at p value of < 0.05.Results: The mean age of respondents was 40.6±12.6 years, and most of them (87.5%) were males. Half (50.0%) were aware of climate change, and their main source of information was radio (63.5%). Most (98.1%) used fire wood for cooking. Only a minority (27.9%) planted at least a tree in the year preceding the study. There was a statistically significant association between climate change awareness and occupation (p=0.038) but not with tree planting (p=0.827).Conclusion: The results indicated that only half of respondents were aware of climate change. There was high use of wood as cooking fuel with low tree planting. Tree planting was not associated with climate change awareness. There is therefore a need for continuous climate change education and mitigation campaign in the community.

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