The Prevalence of Insecticide Treated Net/malaria :cross section study (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chanda Chalela
Keyword(s):  
Study Design ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Malaria Prevalence ◽  
Malaria Patient ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Itn Use ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

BACKGROUND ABSTRACT Introduction a study on prevalence of ITN use was carried out in Buchi community Kitwe Zambia from August to October 2019 OBJECTIVE Prevalence of ITN in BUchi METHODS Methodology: This was a cross sectional study design. A structured questionnaire was used to ascertain ownership and utilization and oral interviews, 200 households were targeted 844 individual covered across the 200 households. Data was analyzed with SPSS version 23. RESULTS ABSTRACT Introduction a study on prevalence of ITN use was carried out in Buchi community Kitwe Zambia from August to October 2019 Methodology: This was a cross sectional study design. A structured questionnaire was used to ascertain ownership and utilization and oral interviews, 200 households were targeted 844 individual covered across the 200 households. Data was analyzed with SPSS version 23. Findings: household ownership of at least an ITN was 52% and individual utilization at 37.6%, with 0.825 ITN/households and 0.195ITN /individual. Malaria prevalence of 52.4% /household and a 12.4% of the population. With 47.6% malaria patient coming from households with ITN and 60% of households with ITN have insufficient coverage.61% of malaria patient were female and 31 % male. however there was no significant relation between Gender and malaria prevalence in study area (p value was >0.05). Malaria cases distribution with age groups, 0-15yrs old represented 49.5%, 16-30 yrs., was at 27.6% and the over 30 yrs. case were at 22.9% .use of other preventive measures 23% used mosquito repellent ,others methods 1% with those not using any other methods 76%. CONCLUSIONS Conclusion The study showed clearly that malaria still poses a problem .the prevalence rate of malaria was still high 12.4% of the population and 52.4% of households. With high prevalence of malaria of 49.5% for 0-15yrs.the difference between ownership 52% and Utilization 37.6% showed that even household with ITN, the ITN were not sufficient.60% of households with ITN, the ITN were not sufficient for all occupants

scholarly journals Interpretation of Variation in Corneal Parameters with Age using Pentacam: A Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harvinder Nagpal ◽  
Mandeep Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Department Of Ophthalmology ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Best Fit

Introduction: Previous equipments used to study cornea were mostly Placido based which could only analyse anterior surface of cornea, while Pentacam is based on elevation based imaging method that helps to study the curvature of cornea, its elevation and thickness profile more accurately. There are numerous studies published to study the thickness of cornea, this study outlines the importance of changes introduced in various corneal parameters with age which in itself is an important factor with possible positive correlation. Aim: To determine various corneal parameters and to interpret the variations in these with increasing age. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study included a cohort of 60 healthy patients attending Outpatient Department of Ophthalmology from July 2019 to February 2020. Two sets of values were determined, studied and compared between different age groups. First set of values included, keratometry values in the flat (K1) and steep (K2) and maximal keratometry values of the front surface (Kmax). Second set of values included, Anterior Elevations (AE), Posterior Elevations (PE), PE minus AE from Best Fit Sphere of 8 mm (BFS) and PE from the Best-fit Toric Ellipsoid (BFTE), apex thickness (CCT), pachymetry at the thinnest-point thickness (TCT),average corneal Pachymetry Progression Indices (PPI avg) and average Ambrosio’s Relational Thickness indices (ART avg). Based on age, three groups were created with 20 participants in each, Group A with age 18 to 25 years, Group B with age between 26 and 40 years and Group C with age more than 40 years. Scanning of all study subjects was done using Pentacam. Mann-Whitney U test and Spearman correlation test were used for the statistical analysis. Results: The average age was 21±2.42 years in group A, 30.9±4.3 years in group B and 42.45±1.65 years in group C. When AE, PE and PE-AE values were compared among three age groups, results were highly significant with p-value <0.00001. Thus, the elevation indices from BFS were found to be correlated with age. On comparison of PPI average between group A and B, group B and C values were statistically insignificant (p-values 0.51 and 0.19, respectively).Though in comparison between Group A and C, average corneal PPI avg was found to be of statistical significance (p-value=0.048). Average ART indices (ART avg) was found to produce highly statistically significant results among 3 groups (p-value <0.00001). Conclusion: The corneal parameters are significantly altered from their normative values with age. This study outlines that elevations indices and avg ART values are significantly altered with increasing age.

scholarly journals Unmet need for family planning and associated factors among married women in Asebot town, west Hararge zone, Oromia regional state, Ethiopia, Cross- sectional study design, 2018

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Misganaw Muche ◽  
Muhammedawel Kaso ◽  
Amde Eshete ◽  
ismael kalayu
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Regional State

Abstract Background Unmet need for family planning was one of the several frequently used indicators for monitoring and evaluation of family planning programs. It also helps to identify women at greatest risk of unintended pregnancy for satisfying the unmet need for modern contraception. So this study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of unmet need for modern contraceptive among women of reproductive age in Asebot town, west Harargie zone, Oromia Regional state, Ethiopia. Methods A community based cross-sectional study design was conducted in Asebot town. Systematic random sampling techniques were used to select 410 reproductive age women. Data collection was carried out from July 19 to August 05, 2018 using a pre- tested structured questionnaire. The collected data were entered to Epi-info version 7 and exported to SPSS version 21 for analysis. Candidate variables with p-value of <0.25 in bivariate analysis were entered into multivariable logistic regression and AOR at 95% CI with p-value of <0.05 was considered as significant. Result The magnitude of unmet need for modern family planning in the study area was 37.3%. [95% CI (32.7, 42.2)]. After multivariate analysis Age, monthly income, desire to have children within two years and partner approval of family planning use were statistically significantly associated factors of unmet need for family planning with their 95% CI as follows (2.00-39.83), (1.10-6.10), (4.79-15.67), (3.88-14.61) respectively.

scholarly journals Dentists Perspective Regarding Prophylactic Removal Of Asymptomatic And Impacted Third Molars

2019 ◽  
Vol 09 (03) ◽  
pp. 214-217
Author(s):  
Wahab Buksh Kadri ◽  
Sameera Asif ◽  
Atif Zubairi ◽  
Sarah Jamil ◽  
Tooba Kamran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Study Design ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Dental Practice ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dental Office ◽  
General Dentists

Objective: To determine dentist’s perspective regarding NHS guidelines for prophylactic removal of Impacted Third molars among dentists of Karachi. Study Design and Setting: It was a cross sectional study design based on the questionnaire. Questionnaire was filled by total 110 general dentists selected by random sampling and was practicing in various private and government setups of Karachi to know about their preference regarding prophylactic removal of asymptomatic third molar. Methodology:The questionnaire comprised of total 13 questions to find out dentists view point about the prophylactic removal of impacted third molar. The results were then analyzed using SPSS version 23. Frequencies, percentages of different variables used in the study were calculated to identify the co-relation among different attributes. P-value of less than or equal to 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results:The study reflected that 71.8% dentists were aware with the NHS Guidelines for removal of asymptomatic & impacted third molars while 28.2% dentists preferred conventional approach. The study also revealed Mesioangular impaction as being the most commonly observed type of impaction in the dental practice. Conclusion: It was concluded from this study that majority of dentists were aware of the guidelines provided by NHS and regarding the angulation of impacted teeth most of the impactions seen at the dental office were Mesioangular.

scholarly journals DERMAL PAPILLAE;

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayesha Baqar
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B ◽  
Dermal Papillae

Introduction: To study and compare the changes in the height of dermal papillae in the skin of different age groups in a segment of Pakistani population. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Period: Five months, from July 2010 to November 2010. Setting: Anatomy Department, Army Medical College, Rawalpindi. Materials & Method: Sixty volunteers of both sexes, after fulfilling the inclusion criteria, participated in this cross sectional study. They all gave written informed consent. They were divided into three equal groups according to their ages, Group A ranged in age from 18 – 29 years, Group B from 30 – 49 years, and Group C > 50 years. Punch biopsies were taken from the sun protected upper arm skin, from all volunteers, after giving local anaesthesia. Samples were stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin. They were observed under light microscope. Height of dermal papillae was measured at three random sites in each sample and mean was taken.The mean of all three groups was compared with each other and data was analyzed. Results: The mean of each sample was taken and then final mean of each group was calculated. They were then compared with each other. The mean height of dermal papillae of group A was 98.667µm, that of group B was 83.333µm and the mean height of dermal papillae in group C was 47.33µm. There was significant difference between the three groups and ‘p’-value was less than 0.5. Conclusion: At the end of this study, it was concluded that, the height of dermal papillae reduces significantly with age.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Obesity and Overweight among Female Nurse Students, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
pp. 84-91
Author(s):  
Hassanat Elbashir Mohammed Mustafa ◽  
Badria Abd Alla Mohamed Elfaki
Keyword(s):  
Study Design ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obesity And Overweight ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity

Aims: The aims of the study to estimate the prevalence of obesity and overweight among females’ students to adopt strategies to combat these problems and decrease their risk. Study design: A cross-sectional study design. Methodology: It was conducted among 129 participants at Um Al-Qura University collage of nursing, 2017. Stratified proportional random sampling was adopted, structured questionnaire and checklist for body height and weight were used to collect data. Agreement from each participant was taken and then written consent was obtained. The data was analyzed used SPSS version 20. A descriptive statistic was done, BMI was calculated to estimate the prevalence and Chi Square test for statistically significant was used. Results: Shown that the prevalence of overweight and obesity were 9.0% for each and insignificant (P=Value 0.266) similar among age groups. The study included 129 females, 51% at age group of 22-25 years and 88% with moderate family income. Also, a high significant obesity 10%, was found among single, while overweight was a high among married participants 45% (P value= 0.002). Addition to high insignificant obesity associated with high family income (P value=0.450). Conclusions: The study explored that the prevalence of both overweight and obesity were high and similar among participants age groups, and strongly associated with many risk factors which should be considering a serious health problem that need specific attention from the community and health sectors.

scholarly journals Depresi Postpartum Berhubungan dengan Motivasi Pemberian Asi Ekslusif Satu Bulan Pertama pada Bayi

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 663-670
Author(s):  
Islamiyah Islamiyah ◽  
Umi Rachmawati Wasil Sardjan
Keyword(s):  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Observational Research ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Relationship

This study aims to determine the relationship between postpartum depression and the motivation of exclusive breastfeeding for the first month of infants. This research is observational research with a cross-sectional study design with a quantitative approach. The study results using the Mann Whitney test, the significance value indicated a p-value of 0.000. In conclusion, there is a relationship between postpartum depression and mothers' motivation in exclusive breastfeeding in the first month.   Keywords: Exclusive Breastfeeding, Postpartum Depression, Breastfeeding, Motivation

scholarly journals Postpartum intra-uterine contraceptive device utilization among mothers who delivered at debre tabor general hospital: cross sectional study design

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 139-144
Author(s):  
Dawit Tiruneh
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Intrauterine Device ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Contraceptive Device ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Immunization Service ◽  
Major Discrepancy

Introduction: Rapid population growth is a major concern of many states globally including our country Ethiopia. The intrauterine device (IUD) is a long term reversible contraceptive method that is suitable for women of all reproductive ages, and represents the most cost effective reversible method for preventing unwanted pregnancies. However, its utilization in Ethiopia is very low as compared to other contraceptive methods. Objective: To assess postpartum intra-uterine contraceptive device utilization among mothers who delivered and seek immunization service at DTGH, North Central Ethiopia. Methods: Facility based cross sectional study design was conducted from November 17, 2017, to January 01, 2018. A total of 182 respondents were interviewed. Systematic random sampling procedure was used to select each eligible study unit as a participant. Data were collected by Midwifery professionals through face to face interview through structured questionnaires under supervision. The data collectors and supervisors were trained prior to data collection. Pretest was conducted on 5% of the study population to check for the accuracy of tools. Confidentiality was also protected by making the data collection procedure anonymous. The association between dependent and independent variables were determined by descriptive statistics of chi square test using SPSS version 20.0 software and p-values of <0.05 were considered as statistically significant. Result: One hundred eighty two mothers were interviewed to assess IUCD utilization after giving birth at DTGH with a response rate of 97%. Only 6 respondents (3.3%) are currently using IUCD after giving birth to 9 months of their post partum period. Acceptances of IUCD with P of 0.004 and Reasons for refusal of IUCD with P value of 0.035 were some of statistically associated variables for utilization of PP IUCD. Conclusion: PP IUCD utilization in the study area is low as compared to other similar studies (3.3%). There are major discrepancy between acceptance level (37.91%) and PP IUCD utilization. Responsible bodies should address the reason for this major discrepancy to minimize the gap.

scholarly journals Psychological Distress and Associated Factors among Adult Tuberculosis Patients Attending Public Health Institutions in Dire Dawa and Harar Cities, Eastern Ethiopia: A Cross Sectional Study Design

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tegegn Mulatu Ayana ◽  
Kedir Teji Roba ◽  
Myrla Obejero Mabalhin
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Dire Dawa

Abstract Background In developing countries the prevalence of psychological distress was higher among tuberculosis patients. Patients with tuberculosis infection were more prone to psychological distress than peoples without tuberculosis. However, little studies were conducted in on psychological distress among tuberculosis patients in Ethiopia, particularly in Eastern Ethiopian public health institution. Methods Institution based cross-sectional study design was conducted in four hospitals and six health centers that are found in Dire Dawa and Harar cities from January 10 to February 10, 2018. All Tuberculosis patients who fulfil inclusion criteria attending TB treatment in selected Health institution included in the study. A structured questionnaire was used for data collection on sociodemographic factors, psychological distress, health related factors, stigma experience and alcohol use. Data was coded, entered and cleaned using Epi Data version 3.1 software and finally exported into SPSS version 20 software for analysis. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression was carried out. All variables with p value ≤ 0.25 were taken into the multivariate model and P- Value less than 0.05 was taken as statistically significant. Results The prevalence of psychological distress among tuberculosis in this study population was 63.3% (95% CI: 58.1, 68.1). Being from rural residence (AOR: 1. 98; 95% CI: 1.01,3.86), co-infection TB- HIV (AOR: 2.15; 95% CI:1.02, 4.56), presence of at least one chronic disease (AOR:3.04; 95% CI:1.59,5.79), experience of stigma (AOR: 1.71; 95% CI:1.01, 2.90), Pulmonary and MDR-TB (AOR:2.53; 95% CI:1.50,4.28) and smoking cigarette (AOR:2.53; 95% CI:1.06,6.03) were associated with psychological distress. Conclusion In this study almost two third of the study participant had of psychological distress among tuberculosis patients. Chronic disease morbidities, HIV and TB co-infection and TB discrimination were associated with psychological distress. The co-morbid diagnosis of chronic diseases and TB- HIV co-infection needs more psychological care.

Awareness of the preventive measures against Covid -19 spread among small shop owners

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 1144-1150
Author(s):  
Muralidharan V A ◽  
Gheena S
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Positive Perception ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Small Shop ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Covid -19 is an infectious disease caused by the newly discovered strain of coronavirus. As there is no vaccine discovered, the only way to prevent the spread is through following the practice of social isolation. But prolonged isolation may also lead to psychological stress and problems. The objective of the survey was to assess the knowledge and awareness of preventive measures against Covid 19 amongst small shop owners. A web-based cross-sectional study was conducted amongst the small shop owners.  A structured questionnaire comprising 15-17 questions had been put forth to assess the Covid 19 related knowledge and perception. The shopkeepers were contacted telephonically and responses recorded. The data analysis was performed using IBM SPSS statistics. Although the majority of the population had a positive perception about the preventive measures against the Covid spread, 36% of the shopkeepers were not aware of the preventive measures against the Covid spread. This study found optimal knowledge and perception of the preventive measures against Covid spread among the shopkeepers but misinformation and misunderstanding still prevailing. The shopkeepers are crucial in the prevention of the spread of Covid 19 and educating them might aid us in the fight against Covid- 19. 

Faktor Risiko Kejadian Penyakit Kulit Pada Pekerja Pengangkut Sampah Di Kota Jambi

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Entia Nopa ◽  
Ranissa Dwi Imansari ◽  
Irwandi Rachman
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional

Faktor Risiko Kejadian Penyakit Kulit Pada Pekerja Pengangkut Sampah Di Kota Jambi 1Entianopa, 2Ranissa Dwi Imansari, 3Irwandi Rachman       123Program Studi Kesehatan Masyarakat STIKES Harapan Ibu, Jambi   Abstrak Latar Belakang: Kulit merupakan organ terbesar pada tubuh manusia yang membungkus otot-otot dan organ-organ dalam serta merupakan jalinan jaringan pembuluh darah, saraf, dan kelenjar yang tidak berujung, semuanya memiliki potensi untuk terserang penyakit yang salah satunya adalah penyakit kulit. Penyakit kulit merupakan salah satu gangguan kesehatan yang sering dialami oleh pekerja pengangkut sampah. Berdasarkan komposisi sampah yang diangkut serta waktu paparan kerja. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan antara masa kerja, pemakaian Alat Pelindung Diri (APD), dan personal hygiene dengan kejadian penyakit kulit pada pekerja pengangkut sampah di Kota Jambi. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian cross sectional study. Sampel penelitian yaitu sebanyak 62 pekerja pengangkut sampah yang berada di Kantor Pekerjaan Umum dan Penata Ruang, yang mana seluruh populasi dijadikan sampel. Data dikumpulkan berdasarkan pemeriksaan kesehatan oleh dokter dan dengan kuesioner, kemudian dianalisa menggunakan uji statistik chi-square. Hasil: Hasil menunjukan bahwa pekerja yang mengalami penyakit kulit sebanyak 35 pekerja (56,5%). Berdasarkan hasil analisis chi-square didapatkan bahwa ada hubungan yang bermakna antara masa kerja dengan kejadian penyakit kulit pada pekerja pengangkut sampah dimana nilai (p-value= 0,006), Pemakaian Alat Pelindung Diri (APD) nilai (p-value= 0,008), personal hygiene nilai (p-value= 0,008). Kesimpulan: Untuk meminimalisir risiko terjadinya penyakit kulit pada pekerja pengangkut sampah disarankan perlunya disusun standar operasional prosedur yang aman, penyediaan sarana sanitasi agar dapat mengurangi resiko terkena penyakit kulit. Pentingnya pemakaian APD dan perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat selama bekerja, serta diharapkan pekerja menggunakan APD pada saat bekerja dan lebih memperhatikan personal hygiene.   Kata kunci      : Masa Kerja, APD, Personal Hygiene

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