scholarly journals Health risk assessment of exposure to toxic elements resulting from consumption of dried wild-grown mushrooms available for sale

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0252834
Author(s):  
Karolina Orywal ◽  
Katarzyna Socha ◽  
Patryk Nowakowski ◽  
Wojciech Zoń ◽  
Piotr Kaczyński ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Risk ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Boletus Edulis ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry

Mushrooms exhibit a high ability to accumulate potentially toxic elements. The legal regulations in force in the European Union countries do not define the maximum content of elements in dried wild-grown mushrooms. This study presents the content of mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) determined in dried wild-grown mushrooms (Boletus edulis and Xerocomus badius) available for sale. Moreover, the health risk associated with their consumption is assessed. The inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (Cd, Pb, As) and atomic absorption spectrometry (Hg) were used. The mean Hg, Cd, Pb and As concentration in Boletus edulis was 3.039±1.092, 1.983±1.145, 1.156±1.049 and 0.897±0.469 mg/kg and in Xerocomus badius 0.102±0.020, 1.154±0.596, 0.928±1.810 and 0.278±0.108 mg/kg, respectively. The maximum value of the hazard index (HI) showed that the consumption of a standard portion of dried Boletus edulis may have negative consequences for health and corresponded to 76.2%, 34.1%, 33% and 4.3% of the maximum daily doses of Hg, Cd, Pb and As, respectively. The results indicate that the content of toxic elements in dried wild-grown mushrooms should be monitored. The issue constitutes a legal niche where unfavourable EU regulations may pose a threat to food safety and consumer health.

scholarly journals Levels of macroelements and toxic elements in herbal teas

2015 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-153
Author(s):  
Zeljko Mihaljev ◽  
Zeljko Cupic ◽  
Milica Zivkov-Balos ◽  
Sandra Jaksic
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Microwave Digestion ◽  
Cadmium Concentration ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Emission Flame

A total of 14 diverse herbal teas were examined, including: yarrow, basil, St.John?s wort, peppermint, horsetail, nettle, thyme, corn silk, hibiscus, marshmallow, chamomile, rosehip, heather and wild mint. The samples were prepared using the method of microwave digestion, and measurements were performed by the use of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (Cd, Hg, Pb, As, Sb); atomic absorption spectrometry (Mg); emission flame photometry (Ca, K, Na) and spectrophotometry (P). Intervals of variation (mg/kg) for macroelements were: Ca (2738-35399); P (1545-6264); Mg (1647-7816); Na (293-10629) and K (9683-33985), and for toxic elements: Cd (0.014-0.645); Hg (<0.001- 0.017); Pb (0.064-1.340); As (0.030-0.544) and Sb (0.004-0.068). In the three samples (yarrow and two St.John?s wort samples) measured cadmium concentration was higher than the maximum level for dried herbs, recommended by WHO. Ward's hierarchical clustering method was performed with the aim of grouping herbal teas by the amount of toxic elements.

scholarly journals Potentially Toxic Elements (PTEs) in Soils and Bulbs of Elephant Garlic (Allium ampeloprasum L.) Grown in Valdichiana, a Traditional Cultivation Area of Tuscany, Italy

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 7023
Author(s):  
Vannini Andrea ◽  
Martina Grattacaso ◽  
Giulia Canali ◽  
Francesco Nannoni ◽  
Luigi Antonello Di Lella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Risk ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Potentially Toxic Elements ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Allium Ampeloprasum ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Risk Indices ◽  
High Concentrations

The aim of this study was to provide, for the first time, data on the concentration of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in soils and bulbs of elephant garlic (Allium ampeloprasum L.) cultivated in Valdichiana, a traditional agricultural area of Tuscany, Italy. Bulbs of elephant garlic and soil samples were collected in four cultivation fields and analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) to determine the concentrations of As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Sb, Tl, U, V, Zn. The concentrations of these PTEs in bulbs and cultivation soils were used to calculate geochemical, ecological and health risk indices. The results of this study suggest that, although bulbs of elephant garlic from the Valdichiana area may present slightly high concentrations of Cd, Ni and Pb, the associated health risk based on the daily intake is absolutely negligible. Cultivation soils had somewhat high Cu concentrations probably due to the diffuse use of Cu-based products in agriculture, but showed overall a very low ecological risk.

scholarly journals Toxic Elements in Traditional Kohl-Based Eye Cosmetics in Spanish and German Markets

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 6109
Author(s):  
Elisabet Navarro-Tapia ◽  
Mariona Serra-Delgado ◽  
Lucía Fernández-López ◽  
Montserrat Meseguer-Gilabert ◽  
María Falcón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Prior Distribution ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
Harmful Effects ◽  
The Eu

Kohl is a traditional cosmetic widely used in Asia and Africa. In recent years, demand for kohl-based eyelids and lipsticks has increased in Europe, linked to migratory phenomena of populations from these continents. Although the European legislation prohibits the use of heavy metals in cosmetics due to the harmful effects to human health, particularly to pregnant women and children, these elements are still present in certain products. The European Union recommended levels are Pb < 20 ppm, As < 5 ppm, Cd < 5 ppm, Sb < 100 ppm, and Ni < 200 ppm. In Germany, levels are more restrictive: Pb < 2 ppm, As < 0.5 ppm, Cd < 0.1 ppm, Sb < 0.5 ppm, and Ni < 10 ppm. Here, we analyzed 12 kohl-based cosmetics in different presentations (powder, paste, and pencil) that were purchased in Spanish and German local shops. An inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrophotometer was used to identify toxic elements and heavy metals. Levels of Pb ranged between 1.7 and 410,000 ppm in six of the study samples, four of which had levels above the recommended limit of at least two heavy metals. Arsenic (a carcinogenic element) values were within the range allowed by the EU in only 58% of the studied samples. Moreover, two products doubled this limit, reaching levels of 9.2 and 12.6 ppm. In one of the products, cadmium, related to toxic keratitis, was four times higher (20.7 ppm) than that allowed, while in two other products, these limits were doubled (11.8 and 12.7 ppm). Our results indicate the need to supervise the manufacture of kohl-based traditional products and the analysis of their composition prior distribution in European countries.

scholarly journals Geophagic Clays from Cameroon: Provenance, Metal Contamination and Health Risk Assessment

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (16) ◽  
pp. 8315
Author(s):  
Georges-Ivo Ekosse ◽  
George Elambo Nkeng ◽  
Nenita Bukalo ◽  
Olaonipekun Oyebanjo
Keyword(s):  
Health Risk ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Contamination Assessment ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry

This study assessed the mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of geophagic clays sold in some markets in Cameroon to ascertain their provenance, contamination status and human health risk. To achieve this, 40 samples from 13 markets in Cameroon were purchased and analysed using X-ray diffractometry, X-ray fluorescence and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry for their mineralogy and geochemistry, respectively. The geophagic clays were dominantly made up of kaolinite and quartz. Their chemistry was dominated by SiO2, Al2O3 and LOI with means of 48.76 wt%, 32.12 wt% and 13.93 wt%, respectively. The major, trace and rare earth elements data showed that these geophagic clays were predominantly derived from felsic rocks. The contamination assessment indicated no enrichment of metals from anthropogenic sources, except for Zn in samples from Acacia, Madagascar and Mfoudi markets. The index of geo-accumulation indicated no contamination to moderate contamination of the clays. The non-carcinogenic index values for Fe, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn were generally less than 1, suggesting no non-carcinogenic risk exposure to children and adults consuming the geophagic clays from these metals. The carcinogenic risk index (TCR) for Ni and Cr were above 10−6, which implies that children and adults are vulnerable to minimal carcinogenic health risk. The TCR values from Ni posed the highest risk, especially to children consuming clays from some markets.

Quantitative analysis of palladacycle-tagged PLGA nanoparticle biodistribution in rat organs by means of atomic absorption spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulia Ermolenko ◽  
Olga N. Gorunova ◽  
Valery V. Dunina ◽  
Dmitriy B. Petrenko ◽  
Nadejda G. Novikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Graphite Furnace ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Plga Nanoparticles ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Plga Nanoparticle

The biodistribution of PLGA nanoparticles labelled with Pd in the form of a dimeric cyclopalladated derivative of N,N-dimethyldiphenylmethylamine was investigated in rats using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.

scholarly journals Elemental analysis of coffee: a comparison of ICP-MS and AAS methods 

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 354-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Jarošová ◽  
D. Milde ◽  
M. Kuba
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Microwave Digestion ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Mineral Nutrients ◽  
Multivariate Statistical Methods ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Microwave Digestion System

We determined the mineral nutrients and toxic elements (Ca, Cu, Fe, Mg, Zn, Cd, Cr, Mn, Ni, and Pb) in five types of coffee by atomic absorption spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The decomposition of the samples took place in a microwave digestion system with HNO<sub>3</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> reagents. Partial validation of the method was performed by using the certified reference material (NCS ZC 73014). Univariate and multivariate statistical methods were used to compare both the coffee samples and the techniques used. No significant differences were found between two used methods. Significant differences occurred between the coffee samples but only the application of multivariate statistics helps to distinguish among samples from different locations.

scholarly journals Determination of Essential and Toxic Elements in Cattle Blood: Serum vs Plasma

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Luna ◽  
Marta López-Alonso ◽  
Yolanda Cedeño ◽  
Lucas Rigueira ◽  
Víctor Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Essential And Toxic Elements ◽  
High Concentrations

This study was designed to evaluate the influence of type of blood sample (serum or plasma) on essential and toxic element analysis in cattle. Paired plasma and serum samples (n = 20) were acid digested, and the concentrations of As, B, Ba, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Li, Mg, Mn. Mo, Ni, P, Pb, Sb, Se, Sr and Zn were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The study findings indicate that plasma and serum samples appear suitable and interchangeable for the determination of most of the essential and toxic elements in blood in cattle. The only exceptions are Cu and Se, the concentrations of which were significantly lower (40.9 and 29.9% respectively) in serum than in plasma. Some of the Cu in blood samples from bovine ruminants is known to be sequestered during clotting. However, further research on Se in ruminants and other animal species is warranted. Finally, the significantly higher Mn (9.9%) concentrations in serum than in plasma may have been caused by haemolysis of some samples. Special attention should be paid to preventing haemolysis of samples during collection and processing, in order to prevent overestimation of elements present at high concentrations inside erythrocytes (i.e., Fe, Mn and Zn).

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