scholarly journals U.S. dog importations during the COVID-19 pandemic: Do we have an erupting problem?

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0254287
Author(s):  
Emily G. Pieracci ◽  
Cara E. Williams ◽  
Ryan M. Wallace ◽  
Cheryl R. Kalapura ◽  
Clive M. Brown
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Reporting System ◽  
The United States ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
The Public ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Canine Rabies ◽  
Pet Owners ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Rabies Vaccination

Dog importation data from 2018–2020 were evaluated to ascertain whether the dog importation patterns in the United States changed during the COVID-19 pandemic, specifically with regard to denial of entry. Dog denial of entry reports from January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2020, stored within the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Quarantine Activity Reporting System (QARS), were reviewed. Basic descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data. Reason for denial, country of origin, and month of importation were all examined to determine which countries of origin resulted in the largest number of denials, and whether there was a seasonal change in importations during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020), compared to previous years (2018 and 2019). During 2020, CDC denied entry to 458 dogs. This represents a 52% increase in dogs denied entry compared to the averages in 2018 and 2019. Dogs were primarily denied entry for falsified rabies vaccination certificates (56%). Three countries exported 74% of all dogs denied entry into the United States, suggesting that targeted interventions may be needed for certain countries. Increased attempts to import inadequately vaccinated dogs from countries with canine rabies in 2020 may have been due to the increased demand for domestic pets during the COVID-19 pandemic. Educational messaging should highlight the risk of rabies and the importance of making informed pet purchases from foreign entities to protect pet owners, their families, and the public.

scholarly journals US Dog Importations during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Do we have an erupting problem?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily G Pieracci ◽  
Cara Williams ◽  
Ryan M Wallace ◽  
Cheryl Kalapura ◽  
Clive M Brown
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Reporting System ◽  
The United States ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
The Public ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Canine Rabies ◽  
Pet Owners ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Rabies Vaccination

Dog importation data from 2018-2020 were evaluated to ascertain whether the dog importation patterns in the United States changed during the COVID-19 pandemic, specifically with regard to denial of entry. Dog denial of entry reports from January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2020, stored within the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Quarantine Activity Reporting System, were reviewed. Basic descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data. Reason for denial, country of origin, and month of importation were all examined to determine which countries of origin resulted in the largest number of denials, and whether there was a seasonal change in importations during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020), compared to previous years (2018 and 2019). During 2020, CDC denied entry to 458 dogs. This represents a 52% increase in dogs denied entry compared to the averages in 2018 and 2019. Dogs were primarily denied entry for falsified rabies vaccination certificates (56%). Three countries exported 74% of all dogs denied entry into the United States, suggesting that targeted interventions may be needed for certain countries. Increased attempts to import inadequately vaccinated dogs from countries with canine rabies in 2020 may have been due to the increased demand for domestic pets during the COVID-19 pandemic. Educational messaging should highlight the risk of rabies and the importance of making informed pet purchases from foreign entities to protect pet owners, their families, and the public.

Individuals With Disabilities Who Have Diabetes: Do We Have Targeted Interventions?

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
DeLawnia Comer-HaGans ◽  
Shamly Austin ◽  
Zo Ramamonjiarivelo
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
The United States ◽  
Individuals With Disabilities ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Centers For Disease Control

Abstract According to 2010 data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), diabetes is the seventh leading cause of death in the United States. It is assumed that various diabetes interventions are available to help individuals manage this chronic disease, but that is not the case. The literature is scant regarding interventions focused on people with disabilities who have diabetes. The purpose of this article is to review interventions specifically focused on people with disabilities who have diabetes and to discuss the effect of these interventions on this population.

Enteric illness outbreaks reported through the National Outbreak Reporting System, United States, 2009–19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary E Wikswo ◽  
Virginia Roberts ◽  
Zachary Marsh ◽  
Karunya Manikonda ◽  
Brigette Gleason ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Reporting System ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
The United States ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Hospitalization Rates ◽  
Contaminated Food ◽  
Bloody Stools

Abstract Background The National Outbreak Reporting System (NORS) captures data on foodborne, waterborne, and enteric illness outbreaks in the United States. The aim of this study is to describe enteric illness outbreaks reported during 11 years of surveillance. Methods We extracted finalized reports from NORS for outbreaks occurring during 2009–2019. Outbreaks were included if they were caused by an enteric etiology or if any patients reported diarrhea, vomiting, bloody stools, or unspecified acute gastroenteritis. Results A total of 38,395 outbreaks met inclusion criteria, increasing from 1,932 in 2009 to 3,889 in 2019. Outbreaks were most commonly transmitted through person-to-person contact (n=23,812, 62%) and contaminated food (n=9,234, 24%). Norovirus was the most commonly reported etiology, reported in 22,820 (59%) outbreaks, followed by Salmonella (n=2,449, 6%) and Shigella (n=1,171, 3%). Norovirus outbreaks were significantly larger, with a median of 22 illnesses per outbreak, than outbreaks caused by the other most common outbreak etiologies (p<0.0001, all comparisons). Hospitalization rates were higher in outbreaks caused by Salmonella and E. coli outbreaks (20.9% and 22.8%, respectively) than those caused by norovirus (2%). The case fatality rate was highest in E. coli outbreaks (0.5%) and lowest in Shigella and Campylobacter outbreaks (0.02%). Conclusions Norovirus caused the most outbreaks and outbreak-associated illness, hospitalizations, and deaths. However, persons in E. coli and Salmonella outbreaks were more likely to be hospitalized or die. Outbreak surveillance through NORS provides the relative contributions of each mode of transmission and etiology for reported enteric illness outbreaks, which can guide targeted interventions.

scholarly journals Text Mining of United States Obesity-Related Public Policies: Systematic Document Search (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Spanhol-Finocchio ◽  
Mariana de Freitas Dewes ◽  
Giana de Vargas Mores ◽  
Homero Dewes
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Text Mining ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
District Of Columbia ◽  
The United States ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Early Care ◽  
Physical Sciences ◽  
The Public ◽  
Control And Prevention

BACKGROUND Obesity has become a worldwide health problem, caused by multiple and complex factors. To face this challenge, governments have played a central role in combating its rise. Considering this, public policies are introduced or enacted for the benefit of whole populations, taking into account the perspective of multiverse social stakeholders based on solid scientific fundamentals. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine obesity-related public policies in the United States and the District of Columbia, in order to understand their scientific basis. METHODS We analyzed the public policies implemented in the United States from 2003 to 2013, during which time the largest number of obesity-related public policies were introduced, using text mining. RESULTS In total, 1592 obesity-related public policies were retrieved from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Multidisciplinary policies were predominant in the documents analyzed (533/1592, 33.5%), followed by health sciences (454/1592, 28.5%), social sciences (330/1592, 20.7%), life sciences (240/1592, 15.1%), and physical sciences (35/1592, 2.2%). Throughout the country, most policies were community oriented (1082/1865, 58.0%) and many of them were related to school and family environments (447/1865, 24.0%), early care and education (75/1865, 4.0%), hospitals (63/1865, 3.4%), and workplaces (47/1865, 2.5%). CONCLUSIONS The contents of obesity-related public policies were generally uniformly framed across the United States. They were generally based on scientific references, in which there was a predominance of multidisciplinary research. These findings are consistent with what is known about the multiple factors causing obesity and about the methods being developed to control the epidemic.

scholarly journals Text Mining of United States Obesity-Related Public Policies: Systematic Document Search

10.2196/13235 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. e13235
Author(s):  
Caroline Spanhol-Finocchio ◽  
Mariana de Freitas Dewes ◽  
Giana de Vargas Mores ◽  
Homero Dewes
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Text Mining ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
District Of Columbia ◽  
The United States ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Early Care ◽  
Physical Sciences ◽  
The Public ◽  
Control And Prevention

Background Obesity has become a worldwide health problem, caused by multiple and complex factors. To face this challenge, governments have played a central role in combating its rise. Considering this, public policies are introduced or enacted for the benefit of whole populations, taking into account the perspective of multiverse social stakeholders based on solid scientific fundamentals. Objective The aim of this study was to examine obesity-related public policies in the United States and the District of Columbia, in order to understand their scientific basis. Methods We analyzed the public policies implemented in the United States from 2003 to 2013, during which time the largest number of obesity-related public policies were introduced, using text mining. Results In total, 1592 obesity-related public policies were retrieved from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Multidisciplinary policies were predominant in the documents analyzed (533/1592, 33.5%), followed by health sciences (454/1592, 28.5%), social sciences (330/1592, 20.7%), life sciences (240/1592, 15.1%), and physical sciences (35/1592, 2.2%). Throughout the country, most policies were community oriented (1082/1865, 58.0%) and many of them were related to school and family environments (447/1865, 24.0%), early care and education (75/1865, 4.0%), hospitals (63/1865, 3.4%), and workplaces (47/1865, 2.5%). Conclusions The contents of obesity-related public policies were generally uniformly framed across the United States. They were generally based on scientific references, in which there was a predominance of multidisciplinary research. These findings are consistent with what is known about the multiple factors causing obesity and about the methods being developed to control the epidemic.

SURVEILLANCE OF ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGY IN THE UNITED STATES

1999 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan F. Meikle ◽  
Isabella Danel ◽  
Lynne S. Wilcox
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technology ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
The United States ◽  
Reproductive Technology ◽  
The Public ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Public Report

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention published the first Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) Pregnancy Success Rate Report in 1997. This article presents a description of the law that initiated the public report, a description of the surveillance system used to accumulate data for the report, and some of the results from ART cycles intitiated in 1995.

Verán ustedes las chozas más humildes. El discurso de pobreza en la diplomacia pública cardenista dirigida a Estados Unidos

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-281
Author(s):  
Sylvia Dümmer Scheel
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New Deal ◽  
Public Diplomacy ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Government ◽  
Lazaro Cardenas ◽  
The New Deal

El artículo analiza la diplomacia pública del gobierno de Lázaro Cárdenas centrándose en su opción por publicitar la pobreza nacional en el extranjero, especialmente en Estados Unidos. Se plantea que se trató de una estrategia inédita, que accedió a poner en riesgo el “prestigio nacional” con el fin de justificar ante la opinión pública estadounidense la necesidad de implementar las reformas contenidas en el Plan Sexenal. Aprovechando la inusual empatía hacia los pobres en tiempos del New Deal, se construyó una imagen específica de pobreza que fuera higiénica y redimible. Ésta, sin embargo, no generó consenso entre los mexicanos. This article analyzes the public diplomacy of the government of Lázaro Cárdenas, focusing on the administration’s decision to publicize the nation’s poverty internationally, especially in the United States. This study suggests that this was an unprecedented strategy, putting “national prestige” at risk in order to explain the importance of implementing the reforms contained in the Six Year Plan, in the face of public opinion in the United States. Taking advantage of the increased empathy felt towards the poor during the New Deal, a specific image of hygienic and redeemable poverty was constructed. However, this strategy did not generate agreement among Mexicans.

Interaction of Ukrainian Diaspora and the USA Government Regarding Celebration of Ukrainian Independence Day on January 22

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (47) ◽  
pp. 136-145
Author(s):  
Halyna Shchyhelska
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
House Of Representatives ◽  
The United States ◽  
100Th Anniversary ◽  
Totalitarian Regime ◽  
The Public ◽  
Us Congress ◽  
The Us ◽  
Public Consciousness ◽  
The Usa

2018 marks the 100th anniversary of the proclamation of Ukrainian independence. OnJanuary 22, 1918, the Ukrainian People’s Republic proclaimed its independence by adopting the IV Universal of the Ukrainian Central Rada, although this significant event was «wiped out» from the public consciousness on the territory of Ukraine during the years of the Soviet totalitarian regime. At the same time, January 22 was a crucial event for the Ukrainian diaspora in the USA. This article examines how American Ukrainians interacted with the USA Government institutions regarding the celebration and recognition of the Ukrainian Independence day on January 22. The attention is focused on the activities of ethnic Ukrainians in the United States, directed at the organization of the special celebration of the Ukrainian Independence anniversaries in the US Congress and cities. Drawing from the diaspora press and Congressional Records, this article argues that many members of Congress participated in the observed celebration and expressed kind feelings to the Ukrainian people, recognised their fight for freedom, during the House of Representatives and Senate sessions. Several Congressmen submitted the resolutions in the US Congress urging the President of United States to designate January 22 as «Ukrainian lndependence Day». January 22 was proclaimed Ukrainian Day by the governors of fifteen States and mayors of many cities. Keywords: January 22, Ukrainian independence day, Ukrainian diaspora, USA, interaction, Congress

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