scholarly journals Investigation of organic impurity and its occurrence in industrial waste salt produced by physicochemical process

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0256101
Author(s):  
Zongwen Zhao ◽  
Wenbin Xu ◽  
Zhongbing Wang ◽  
Weining Qin ◽  
Jie Lei ◽  
...  

Industrial waste salt is classified as hazardous waste to the environment. The organic impurity and its occurrence in industrial waste salt affect the salt resource utilization. In this paper, composition quantitative analysis, XRD, TG-DSC, SEM/FIB-SEM coupled with EDS, FTIR, XPS and GC-Ms were chosen to investigate the organic impurity and its occurrence in industrial waste salt. The organic impurities owe small proportion (1.77%) in the specimen and exhibit weak thermal stability within the temperature of 600°C. A clear definition of organic impurity, including 11 kinds of organic compounds, including aldehyde, benzene and its derivatives etc., were detected in the industrial waste salt. These organic impurities, owing (C-O/C-O-C, C-OH/C = O, C–C/CHx/C = C etc.)-containing function group substance, are mainly distributed both on the surface and inside of the salt particles. Meanwhile, the organic substance may combine with metal cations (Ni2+, Mg2+, Cu2+ etc.) through functional groups, such as hydroxide, carbonyl etc., which increases its stability in the industrial waste salt. These findings provide comprehensive information for the resource utilization of industrial waste salt from chemical industry etc.

mBio ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Schätzle ◽  
Sergio Arévalo ◽  
Enrique Flores ◽  
Enrico Schleiff

Multicellularity in bacteria confers an improved adaptive capacity to environmental conditions and stresses. This includes an enhanced capability of resource utilization through a distribution of biochemical processes between constituent cells.


REPORTS ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (325) ◽  
pp. 43-50
Author(s):  
Sh. Shapalov ◽  
◽  
B. Sapargaliyeva ◽  
A. Naukenova ◽  
J. R. Ilarri ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Vikram Sinai Talaulikar ◽  
Mushi Matjila

Complications of early pregnancy, including pregnancy loss and threatened miscarriage, are common. Miscarriage affects almost one in five pregnancies and accounts for utilization of a significant proportion of healthcare resources. Women presenting with miscarriage should ideally be assessed, diagnosed, and managed in early pregnancy assessment units. They should be provided with comprehensive information about expectant, medical, and surgical management options, and helped to make informed decisions about their care. Early pregnancy loss can be a source of considerable distress to women and they should be provided with appropriate support and counselling. Recurrent miscarriage (RM) remains a challenge to patients and clinicians alike. Recognition of the psychosocial impact should prompt involvement of mental health specialists, counsellors, and social workers in patient management. Inconsistencies in definition (two or three consecutive miscarriages) confound research in RM. Although endocrinological, thrombotic, autoimmune, and uterine structural perturbations have been described in association with RM, antiphospholipid syndrome and embryonic karyotype abnormalities remain the two closest conditions for which a reasonable explanation can be offered to patients along with prognostication for future pregnancies. A diagnosis of RM has additional implications, not only for previable pregnancy loss, but an association with adverse obstetric and future maternal health outcomes. A global consensus on the definition of RM, along with phenotypic characterization of this heterogeneous condition would improve interpretation of available data and future research. A thorough understanding of the underlying molecular pathophysiological mechanisms in specific phenotypic categories of RM is the fundamental requisite for the advancement of this field.


2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agata Matarazzo ◽  
Lorenzo Baglio ◽  
Sandro Bonanno ◽  
Andrea Fichera ◽  
Andrea Leanza ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Craig A. Horne ◽  
Sean B. Maynard ◽  
Atif Ahmad

Dependence on information, including for some of the world’s largest organisations such as governments and multi-national corporations, has grown rapidly in recent years. However, reports of information security breaches and their associated consequences indicate that attacks are escalating on organisations conducting these information-based activities. Organisations need to formulate strategy to secure their information, however gaps exist in knowledge. Through a thematic review of academic security literature, (1) we analyse the antecedent conditions that motivate the adoption of a comprehensive information security strategy, (2) the conceptual elements of strategy and (3) the benefits that are enjoyed post-adoption. Our contributions include a definition of information security strategy that moves from an internally-focussed protection of information towards a strategic view that considers the organisation, its resources and capabilities, and its external environment. Our findings are then used to suggest future research directions.


2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1(74)) ◽  
pp. 140-151
Author(s):  
N. V. TRUSHKINA

Topicality. In today's economic environment, logistic activity of enterprises requires transformation of approaches to material flow management. Constant changes in the market situation require enterprises to analyze the market conditions, improve inventory management processes, introduce qualitatively new forms of work with suppliers of material resources, as well as mechanisms for selling finished products to different categories of consumers. Solving the above problems causes the need to develop a set of measures to improve the management of material flows at enterprises in order to increase the level of logistics services to consumers and reduce the cost of logistics activities as a result of lowering the costs of logistics and marketing activities. In the scientific literature on logistics, there is a variety of definitions of the term �material flow�, which is proposed by scientists from different scientific schools. Some scientists understand the material flow as a set of inventory; others � products; the third � the flow of different types of resources; fourth � the process of sequential formation and transformation in space and time of objects of labor, etc. In this connection, it became necessary to generalize and systematize theoretical approaches to the essence and content of the concept of �material flow�. Aim and tasks. The aim of this study is to substantiate the application of a comprehensive approach to the definition of the meaning of the term �material flow of the enterprise�. To achieve this goal, the following scientific tasks have been defined: to analyze, summarize and systematize existing scientific approaches to determining the essence of material flow of the enterprise; provide an author's interpretation of the concept. Methods of analysis and synthesis, critical analysis and comparison, generalization, classification, structural-logical method, system approach were used to solve the set scientific problems. Research results. Generalized various scientific views to formulate the material flow of the enterprise, which is conditionally systematized according to 10 classification features: a key category of logistics management theory; the object of logistics management; set of inventory; set of elements (resources, materials, equipment, finished goods, waste); a set of different goods moving from suppliers to consumers; production in kind; a set of inventories; flow of different types of resources; set of logistic operations, processes, links; objects of work. The feasibility of applying a comprehensive approach to the definition of the term �material flow�, which makes it possible to reflect the continuous movement of the set of necessary types of resources (material resources, production of work in progress, production and inventory, finished products, industrial waste) at the enterprise in the consistent implementation of the entire list of processes logistic activities (logistical support, storage of material resources, production of products, formation of production and commodity stocks, serve different customer categories, transportation and marketing of finished products, recycling of industrial waste). Conclusion. The novelty of the author's interpretation of the material flow is that this definition is quite complex and reflects the continuous movement of the set of necessary types of resources at an industrial enterprise with the consistent implementation of the entire list of processes of logistics activities. It is established that it will help to obtain synergetic effect by reducing the costs of organizing logistics activities, improving the quality of logistics services and the level of service of different categories of consumers, optimizing the level of inventories and increasing the level of profitability of the enterprise from the sale of finished products.


1993 ◽  
Vol 08 (24) ◽  
pp. 4193-4233 ◽  
Author(s):  
LUCA LUSANNA

After the definition of a class of well-behaved singular Lagrangians, an analysis of all the consequences of the extended second Noether theorem in the second-order formalism is made. The phase-space reformulation contains arbitrary first- and second-class constraints. An answer to the problem of the Dirac conjecture is given for this class of singular Lagrangians. By using the concepts of function groups and of the associated Shanmugadhasan canonical transformations, an attempt is made to arrive at a global formulation of the theorem, in which the original invariance under an “infinite continuous group” of transformations is replaced by weak quasi-invariance under an “infinite continuous group [Formula: see text],” whose algebra is an involutive distribution of Lie-Bäcklund vector fields generating the Noether transformations. Its phase-space counterpart is the involutive distribution associated with a special function group Ḡpm, which contains a function subgroup Ḡp connected (when in canonical form) to the Shanmugadhasan canonical transformations. Also, the various possible first-order formalisms are analyzed.


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