scholarly journals Quantitative CT imaging features for COVID-19 evaluation: The ability to differentiate COVID-19 from non- COVID-19 (highly suspected) pneumonia patients during the epidemic period

PLoS ONE ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. e0256194
Author(s):  
Shengkun Peng ◽  
Lingai Pan ◽  
Yang Guo ◽  
Bo Gong ◽  
Xiaobo Huang ◽  
...  

Objectives COVID-19 and Non-Covid-19 (NC) Pneumonia encountered high CT imaging overlaps during pandemic. The study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of image-based quantitative CT features in discriminating COVID-19 from NC Pneumonia. Materials and methods 145 patients with highly suspected COVID-19 were retrospectively enrolled from four centers in Sichuan Province during January 23 to March 23, 2020. 88 cases were confirmed as COVID-19, and 57 patients were NC. The dataset was randomly divided by 3:2 into training and testing sets. The quantitative CT radiomics features were extracted and screened sequentially by correlation analysis, Mann-Whitney U test, the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) logistic regression (LR) and backward stepwise LR with minimum AIC methods. The selected features were used to construct the LR model for differentiating COVID-19 from NC. Meanwhile, the differentiation performance of traditional quantitative CT features such as lesion volume ratio, ground glass opacity (GGO) or consolidation volume ratio were also considered and compared with Radiomics-based method. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis were conducted to evaluate the predicting performance. Results Compared with traditional CT quantitative features, radiomics features performed best with the highest Area Under Curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity and accuracy in the training (0.994, 0.942, 1.0 and 0.965) and testing sets (0.977, 0.944, 0.870, 0.915) (Delong test, P < 0.001). Among CT volume-ratio based models using lesion or GGO component ratio, the model combining CT lesion score and component ratio performed better than others, with the AUC, sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of 0.84, 0.692, 0.853, 0.756 in the training set and 0.779, 0.667, 0.826, 0.729 in the testing set. The significant difference of the most selected wavelet transformed radiomics features between COVID-19 and NC might well reflect the CT signs. Conclusions The differentiation between COVID-19 and NC could be well improved by using radiomics features, compared with traditional CT quantitative values.

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohua Ban ◽  
Xinping Shen ◽  
Huijun Hu ◽  
Rong Zhang ◽  
Chuanmiao Xie ◽  
...  

Abstract Background To determine the predictive CT imaging features for diagnosis in patients with primary pulmonary mucoepidermoid carcinomas (PMECs). Materials and methods CT imaging features of 37 patients with primary PMECs, 76 with squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) and 78 with adenocarcinomas were retrospectively reviewed. The difference of CT features among the PMECs, SCCs and adenocarcinomas was analyzed using univariate analysis, followed by multinomial logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results CT imaging features including tumor size, location, margin, shape, necrosis and degree of enhancement were significant different among the PMECs, SCCs and adenocarcinomas, as determined by univariate analysis (P < 0.05). Only lesion location, shape, margin and degree of enhancement remained independent factors in multinomial logistic regression analysis. ROC curve analysis showed that the area under curve of the obtained multinomial logistic regression model was 0.805 (95%CI: 0.704–0.906). Conclusion The prediction model derived from location, margin, shape and degree of enhancement can be used for preoperative diagnosis of PMECs.


Stroke ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Tsui ◽  
Iris Chen ◽  
Joe Qiao ◽  
Kasra Khatibi ◽  
Lucido Ponce Mejia ◽  
...  

Background and Purpose: In acute ischemic stroke (AIS), perfusion imaging, while not directly visualizing collateral vessels, can provide important insight into collateral robustness, indexed by perfusion lesion volume and by perfusion lesion heterogeneity. Two proposed perfusion lesion heterogeneity measures indexing collateral status are the Perfusion Collateral Index (PCI) and Hypoperfusion Intensity Ratio (HIR), but their accuracy compared with direct collateral assessment on DSA has been incompletely characterized. Methods: Consecutive AIS patients with anterior circulation large vessel occlusion who underwent pre-endovascular thrombectomy MRI perfusion imaging were included. MRI measures analyzed were: 1) Perfusion Collateral Index ( PCI) - the volume of moderately hypoperfused tissue (arterial tissue delay time between 2 and 6 seconds: ATD 2-6sec ) multiplied by its corresponding relative cerebral blood volume using Olea software; 2) Hypoperfusion Intensity Ratio (HIR) ratio of moderate TMax >6 s lesion volume versus severe Tmax >10 s lesion volume with the RAPID software program. DSA collateral scores were evaluated by ASITN grading and dichotomized to inadequate (ASTIN <2) vs. adequate (ASTIN ≥3). Results: Among 48 patients meeting entry criteria, age (mean ± SD) was 70 (± 15.2), 54% were female, and NIHSS (median, IQR) was 15 (10-19). For HIR, there was no significant difference in score values in patients with adequate vs inadequate collaterals: 0.35 ± 0.20 vs 0.39 ± 0.25, p=0.68. ROC analysis using previously described cut-off of 0.4 resulted in an AUC of 0.52 and sensitivity/specificity of 71% / 33%. For PCI, score values were significantly higher in patients with adequate vs inadequate collaterals, 117 ± 61 vs. 57 ± 41, p=0.002. ROC analysis using previously described cut-off of 62 resulted in an AUC of 0.8 and sensitivity/specificity of 84% / 78%. Conclusion: Collateral status can be accurately assessed on perfusion MRI with the Perfusion Collateral Index, which outperformed the Hypoperfusion Intensity Ratio. MRI-PCI is an informative imaging biomarker of collateral status in patients with AIS.


CHEST Journal ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 157 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinkyeong Park ◽  
Brian D. Hobbs ◽  
James D. Crapo ◽  
Barry J. Make ◽  
Elizabeth A. Regan ◽  
...  

HPB ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. S56-S57
Author(s):  
R.M. Marcus ◽  
D.T. Fuentes ◽  
H.A. Lillemoe ◽  
A. Qayyum ◽  
T.A. Aloia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z.F. Xu ◽  
W.X. Wu ◽  
Y.B. Jin ◽  
A.Z. Pan

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveWHO Director-General declared that the 2019-nCoV outbreak constitutes a Public Health Emergency of International Concern,and the outbreak is still on-going.Chest CT had been a key component of the diagnostic workup for patients with suspected infection. In this retrospective study, we attempt to summarize and analyze the chest CT features of 2019-nCov infections, and to identify the typical features to improved the diagnostic accuracy of new coronavirus pneumonia (NCP).MethodsChest CT scans and Clinical data of 21 patients confirmed NCP in our hospital were enrolled.These patients were divided into mild and sever group according to clinical manifestations described by the 6th clinical practice guideline of NCP in China. Main clinical and chest CT features were analyzed and identify.ResultsFever (85.7%) and cough (80.9%) were the two main symptoms of NCP patients.More significantly higher incidence (85.7%) of shortness of breath in the severe cases. Multiple lesions in both lungs and with incidence of GGO(100%),vascular enlargement (76.5%) and cobblestone/reticular pattern(70.6%) were the major feature.The incidence of consolidation, mixed pattern and vascular enlargement features were up to 100% in the severe group, significantly higher than that of patients in mild group. In addition, the incidence of air-bronchogram, dilated bronchi with thickened wall and fibrosis in the severe group was significantly higher than that in the mild group.ConclusionsFever and cough are the typical clinical features of NCP patients, and chest CT mainly manifested as multiple lesions in both lungs, often accompanied by GGO, vascular enlargement and cobblestone/reticular pattern.Changes in these main CT features can indicate development of the diseaseSummary2019 novel Coronavirus (2019-nCov) had typical clinical manifestations (fever and cough), and presented with characteristic chest CT imaging features (multiple lesions in both lungs, often accompanied by GGO, vascular enlargement and cobblestone/reticular pattern), which are helpful to the radiologist in the early detection and diagnosis of this emerging global health emergency. In addition, changes in these main CT features can indicate development of the disease.HighlightsFever (85.7%) and cough (80.9%) were the two main symptoms of NCP patients.The incidence of shortness of breath was 85.7% in the severe cases, significantly higher than 21.4% in the mild cases.Multiple lesions in both lungs and with incidence of GGO (100%), vascular enlargement (76.5%) and cobblestone/reticular pattern (70.6%) were the major features of NCP patients. 85.7% of cases in serve group displayed 4-5 lobes were involved simultaneously.Changes in these main CT imaging features can indicate development of the disease. About 19.1% of patients (4 of 21) presented with a normal CT.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiongjie Hu ◽  
Yiwen liu ◽  
Yueying Pan ◽  
Ziyan Sun ◽  
Min Xiang ◽  
...  

Abstract Objective: To investigate the value of changes of pulmonary circulation in CT imaging in evaluating the severity and tendency of 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pneumonia.Methods: This retrospective study analyzed 99 severe and critical COVID-19 pneumonia patients including the 47 improved cases and 52 dead cases. Demographic data, laboratory findings, comorbidities, and CT imaging features including the diameters of pulmonary vein (PV), pulmonary artery (PA) and ascending aorta were collected and assessed.Results: The PV diameters of the deceased patients were larger than recovered patients in the severe phase. Compared with the severe phase in the improvement group, the diameters of the pulmonary veins during the improved phase were smaller, and the total CT scores were significantly decreased (p < 0.001). Instead, there was no significant difference in the ratio of main PA to aorta diameter between the recovered group and the deceased group, nor did the self control of the recovered group and the deceased group (p > 0.05). Construction of a ROC curve yielded an optimal cut-off value of the PV diameters for prediction of survival (p < 0.05).Conclusion: The changes of the PV diameters might indirectly reflect the activity of pulmonary inflammation and cardiac insufficiency. Pulmonary manifestations of severe and critical COVID-19 pneumonia might be related to myocardial injury and cardiac insufficiency, expecially accompanied by dilated PVs. Evaluation of changes in pulmonary circulation by chest CT images may be considered as a useful tool for determining the severity, fatal outcome and tendency of COVID-19.Key words: COVID-19, pneumonia, pulmonary circulation, Computed Tomography


2013 ◽  
Vol 106 ◽  
pp. S173-S174
Author(s):  
E. Rios Velazquez ◽  
R. Leijenaar ◽  
F. Hoebers ◽  
J. Straetmans ◽  
B. Kremer ◽  
...  

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 161
Author(s):  
Samuel Gideon

This research was conducted as a learning alternatives for study of CT (computed tomograpghy) imaging using image reconstruction technique which are inversion matrix, back projection and filtered back projection. CT imaging can produce images of objects that do not overlap. Objects more easily distinguishable although given the relatively low contrast. The image is generated on CT imaging is the result of reconstruction of the original object. Matlab allows us to create and write imaging algorithms easily, easy to undersand and gives applied and exciting other imaging features. In this study, an example cross-sectional image recon-struction performed on the body of prostate tumors using. With these methods, medical prac-titioner (such as oncology clinician, radiographer and medical physicist) allows to simulate the reconstruction of CT images which almost resembles the actual CT visualization techniques.Keywords : computed tomography (CT), image reconstruction, Matlab


2008 ◽  
Vol 47 (01) ◽  
pp. 37-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Pfluger ◽  
V. Schneider ◽  
M. Hacker ◽  
N. Bröckel ◽  
D. Morhard ◽  
...  

SummaryAim: Assessment of the clinical benefit of i.v. contrast enhanced diagnostic CT (CE-CT) compared to low dose CT with 20 mAs (LD-CT) without contrast medium in combined [18F]-FDG PET/CT examinations in restaging of patients with lymphoma. Patients, methods: 45 patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (n = 35) and Hodgkin's disease (n = 10) were included into this study. PET, LD-CT and CECT were analyzed separately as well as side-by-side. Lymphoma involvement was evaluated separately for seven regions. Indeterminate diagnoses were accepted whenever there was a discrepancy between PET and CT findings. Results for combined reading were calculated by rating indeterminate diagnoses according the suggestions of either CT or PET. Each patient had a clinical follow-up evaluation for >6 months. Results: Region-based evaluation suggested a sensitivity/specificity of 66/93% for LD-CT, 87%/91% for CE-CT, 95%/96% for PET, 94%/99% for PET/LD-CT and 96%/99% for PET/CE-CT. The data for PET/CT were obtained by rating indeterminate results according to the suggestions of PET, which turned out to be superior to CT. Lymphoma staging was changed in two patients using PET/ CE-CT as compared to PET/LD-CT. Conclusion: Overall, there was no significant difference between PET/LD-CT and PET/CE-CT. However, PET/CE-CT yielded a more precise lesion delineation than PET/LD-CT. This was due to the improved image quality of CE-CT and might lead to a more accurate investigation of lymphoma.


2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (05) ◽  
pp. 313-320
Author(s):  
Esther Lautscham ◽  
Clea von Klopmann ◽  
Sebastian Schaub ◽  
Christiane Stengel ◽  
Antje Hartmann

Zusammenfassung Gegenstand und Ziel Ziel dieser prospektiven Pilotstudie war zu beurteilen, ob die physiologische Glandula parathyroidea beim Hund computertomografisch dargestellt werden kann, und eine Beschreibung ihres CT-Erscheinungsbildes zu geben. Material und Methoden In die Studie wurden 25 Hunde aufgenommen, bei denen aufgrund von Erkrankungen im Halsbereich ohne Bezug zu Schild- oder Nebenschilddrüse ein CT-Scan erfolgte. Einschlusskriterium waren unauffällige Befunde bei der allgemeinen klinischen Untersuchung und der Blutuntersuchung (Blutbild und blutchemische Analyse). CT-Bilder vor und nach Kontrastmittelapplikation (30–45 Sekunden nach der Kontrastmittelinjektion, frühe venöse Phase) wurden mit einem 16-Schichten-Spiral-CT unter Verwendung eines Field of View von 18 cm, einer Schichtdicke von 1 mm und einer Matrix von 512 × 512 angefertigt. Zwei Radiologen begutachteten die CT-Aufnahmen unabhängig voneinander. Die Sichtbarkeit der Parathyreoidea wurde erfasst und die Interobserver-Reliabilität ermittelt. Bei den darstellbaren Nebenschilddrüsen wurden folgende Parameter bestimmt: Größe, Dichte (in Hounsfield Units [HU], vor und nach Kontrastmittelgabe), Dichte der Schilddrüse, Abgrenzung (exzellent, mäßig, schlecht). Ergebnisse Nur 20 bzw. 25 Nebenschilddrüsen waren durch die beiden Untersucher erkennbar. Die Anzahl differierte zwischen Nativaufnahmen und Bildern nach Kontrastmittelgabe nicht. Die Interobserver-Reliabilität hinsichtlich der Erkennbarkeit war moderat (κ = 0,40). Für Länge, Breite und Höhe der Nebenschilddrüsen (Mittelwert ± Standardabweichung) ergaben sich 4,2 × 2,5 × 2,9 mm ± 1,3 × 0,8 × 1,0 mm. Die Dichte betrug 39,7 ± 20,6 HU vor und 103,1 ± 47,1 HU nach Kontrastmittelgabe. Damit stellten sich die Nebenschilddrüsen im Vergleich zur Schilddrüse (vor und nach Kontrastmittelgabe 166,7 ± 34,3 HU bzw. 234,0 ± 60,1 HU) hypoattenuierend dar. Schlussfolgerung Diese Studie liefert die erste Beschreibung des CT-Erscheinungsbilds der angenommen physiologischen Nebenschilddrüse beim Hund. Die Sichtbarkeit des Organs war jedoch schlecht. Klinische Relevanz Trotz der schlechten Visualisierung der Nebenschilddrüse im CT ist sie gelegentlich wahrnehmbar. Die ermittelten Dimensionen waren teilweise größer als bisher für sonografische Darstellung beschrieben, ohne dass die untersuchten Hunde erkennbare Symptome eines Hyperparathyreodismus aufwiesen. Eine computertomografisch sichtbare Nebenschilddrüse impliziert daher möglicherweise nicht unbedingt eine Erkrankung. Weitere Studien dazu sind notwendig.


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