scholarly journals The applicability of basic preventive measures of the pandemic COVID-19 and associated factors among residents in Guraghe Zone

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0256598
Author(s):  
Samuel Dessu ◽  
Tadesse Tsehay ◽  
Tadele Girum ◽  
Abebe Timerga ◽  
Mamo Solomon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Family Size ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
P Value ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Poor Knowledge

Introduction Internationally, countries have reacted to the COVID-19 outbreak by introducing key public health non-pharmaceutical interventions to protect vulnerable population groups. In response to COVID-19, the Government of Ethiopia has been taking a series of policy actions beyond public health initiatives alone. Therefore, this study was aimed to assess the applicability of basic preventive measures of the pandemic COVID-19 and associated factors among the residents of Guraghe Zone from 18th to 29th September, 2020. Methods Community based cross sectional study was conducted at Guraghe Zone from 18th to 29th September, 2020. Systematic random sampling method was applied among the predetermined 634 samples. Variables which had p-value less than 0.25 in bivariate analysis were considered as candidate for multivariable logistic regression model. P-value <0.05 was used as a cutoff point to determine statistical significance in multiple logistic regressions for the final model. Result In this study, 17.7% (95% CI: 14.7, 20.5) of the respondents apply the basic preventive measures towards the prevention of the pandemic COVID-19. In addition, being rural resident (AOR: 4.78,; 95%CI: 2.50, 8.90), being studied grade 1–8 (AOR: 3.70; 95%CI: 1.70, 7.90), being a farmer (AOR: 4.10; 95%CI: 1.25, 13.35), currently not married (AOR: 2.20, 95%CI: 1.24, 4.06), having family size 1-3(AOR: 6.50; 95%CI: 3.21, 3.35), have no diagnosed medical illness (AOR: 6.40; 95%CI: 3.85, 10.83) and having poor knowledge (AOR: 3.50; 95%CI: 1.60, 7.40) were factors which are statistically significant in multivariable logistic regression model. Conclusion Despite the application of preventive measures and vaccine delivery, the applicability of the pandemic COVID-19 preventive measures was too low, which indicate that the Zone is at risk for the infection. Rural residents, those who have lower educational level, farmers, non-marrieds, those who have lower family size, those who have diagnosed medical illnesses and those who have poor knowledge were prone to the infection with the pandemic COVID-19 due to the lower practice of applying the basic preventive measures. In addition, awareness creation should be in practice at all levels of the community especially lower educational classes and rural residents.

scholarly journals Sub-fecundity and associated factors among mothers with natural planned conception attending antenatal care service in Arba Minch Health Facilities

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. e0241995
Author(s):  
Jira Wakoya Feyisa ◽  
Sultan Hussen Hebo ◽  
Firdawek Getahun Negash ◽  
Negussie Boti Sidamo ◽  
Kabtamu Tolosie Gergiso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Coffee Consumption ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
P Value ◽  
Coital Frequency

Background Fecundity is a physiological ability to have children. The inability to get the desired child which was commonly caused by the prolonged time to conceive due to unwanted non-conception period increased from time to time. As a result, many couples are developing psychological, social, and economic problems and unstable life. However, information on fecundity status is limited in Ethiopia context. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the proportion of sub-fecundity and associated factors in Ethiopia context. Methods A health institution based cross-sectional study was conducted in Arba Minch health facilities from March 25 to April 25, 2020. By using a systematic sampling method, 539 mothers were selected for the study. Structured questionnaire was used for data collection. A binary logistic regression model was used to identify factors associated with the sub-fecundity. Variables with p-value <0.25 in the bi-variable logistic regression analysis were interred and checked for association in a multivariable logistic regression model. The level of statistical significance was declared at p-value <0.05. Result The proportion of sub-fecundity was 17.8% with 95%CI (14.8%-21.3%). Mothers’ age ≥ 30 (AOR = 2.54, 95%CI; 1.18–5.48), partners’ age ≥ 35 (AOR = 2.20, 95%CI; 1.01–4.75), coffee consumption of ≥ 4 cups/day (AOR = 2.93, 95%CI; 1.14–7.53), menses irregularity (AOR = 3.79 95%CI; 2.01–7.14) and coital frequency of 1day/week (AOR = 3.65, 95%CI; 1.47–9.05) were significantly associated with the sub-fecundity. Conclusion This study found that a substantial proportion of mothers were sub-fecund. Factors that contributed to the sub-fecundity were pre-pregnancy; mothers’ age, partners’ age, coffee drinking of ≥ 4 cups/day, coital frequency of 1day/week, and menses irregularity. Thus, efforts to prevent sub-fecundity should focus on awareness creation as to plan to conceive at early age, reducing coffee consumption, increasing days of coital frequency per week, and investigating and treating mothers with irregular menses.

Knowledge sharing practice and associated factors among healthcare providers at University of Gondar comprehensive specialized hospital in Amhara region, North West Ethiopian, 2020. (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Addisalem Workie
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression ◽  
Specialized Hospital ◽  
The Right

BACKGROUND In healthcare, information and knowledge needs of health care providers arise in the patient care process. However, the right information and knowledge at the right time and place to the right person is not reached so far yet. Thus, leads to miss diagnosis, wastage of medical resources and knowledge. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to assess knowledge sharing practice and associated factors among healthcare providers at University of Gondar comprehensive specialized hospital. METHODS Institutional based cross-sectional study design was conducted through stratified simple random sampling technique among 423 samples from February 24 up to March 27, 2020. Pretested, self administered questionnaire were used to collect the required data. Epi info version 7 and stata software version 15 were used for data entry, processing and analysis respectively. Descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression model were applied to describe the study objects and to assess knowledge sharing practice and its associated factors. P value ≤ 0.05 were considered as factors associated with knowledge sharing practice. RESULTS In this study, 423 respondents were participated. From those participants, the level of knowledge sharing practice among healthcare providers was 65.0% (95% CI: 60.46-69.56) with 100% response rate. In multivariable logistic regression model awareness AOR=2.44, 95% CI= [1.32-4.50], willingness AOR=1.96, 95% CI= [1.10-3.53], perceived loss of knowledge power AOR=0.192, 95% CI= [.12-.32], the availability of health information resource AOR=2.00, 95% CI= [1.56-5.38] and opportunity AOR=2.91, 95% CI= [1.71-4.95] were significantly associated with KSP. CONCLUSIONS Knowledge sharing practice of healthcare provider was 65.01% which is higher as compared with most studies conducted in Ethiopia. But, it needs further opportunity, resource allocation and supportive leadership to make it more beyond what exist right now.

scholarly journals Prevalence and correlates of comprehensive HIV/AIDS knowledge among adolescent girls and young women aged 15–24 years in Malawi: evidence from the 2015–16 Malawi demographic and health survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chrispin Mandiwa ◽  
Bernadetta Namondwe ◽  
Mtondera Munthali
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Aids Knowledge ◽  
Hiv Aids

Abstract Background HIV epidemic remains a major public health issue in Malawi especially among adolescent girls and young women (AGYW). Comprehensive HIV/AIDS knowledge (defined as correct knowledge of two major ways of preventing the sexual transmission of HIV and rejection of three misconceptions about HIV) is a key component of preventing new HIV infections among AGYW. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify the correlates of comprehensive HIV/AIDS knowledge among AGYW in Malawi. Methods The study was based on cross-sectional data from the 2015–2016 Malawi Demographic and Health Survey. It involved 10,422 AGYW aged 15–24 years. The outcome variable was comprehensive HIV/AIDS knowledge. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, bivariate and multivariable logistic regression model. All the analyses were performed using complex sample analysis procedure of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences to account for complex survey design. Results Approximately 42.2% of the study participants had comprehensive HIV/AIDS knowledge. Around 28% of the participants did not know that using condoms consistently can reduce the risk of HIV and 25% of the participants believed that mosquitoes could transmit HIV. Multivariable logistic regression model demonstrated that having higher education (AOR = 2.97, 95% CI: 2.35–3.75), belonging to richest households (AOR = 1.24, 95% CI: 1.05–1.45), being from central region (AOR = 1.65, 95% CI:1.43–1.89), southern region (AOR = 1.65, 95% CI: 1.43–1.90),listening to radio at least once a week (AOR = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.15–1.40) and ever tested for HIV (AOR = 1.88, 95% CI: 1.68–2.09) were significantly correlated with comprehensive HIV/AIDS knowledge. Conclusions The findings indicate that comprehensive HIV/AIDS knowledge among AGYW in Malawi is low. Various social-demographic characteristics were significantly correlated with comprehensive HIV/AIDS knowledge in this study. These findings suggest that public health programmes designed to improve comprehensive HIV/AIDS knowledge in Malawi should focus on uneducated young women, those residing in northern region and from poor households. There is also a need to target AGYW who have never tested for HIV with voluntary counselling and testing services. This measure might both improve their comprehensive HIV/AIDS knowledge and awareness of their health status.

scholarly journals 1244. Evaluation of Intraoperative Topical Vancomycin and the Incidence of Acute Kidney Injury

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S448-S448
Author(s):  
Alison L Blackman ◽  
Sabeen Ali ◽  
Xin Gao ◽  
Rosina Mesumbe ◽  
Carly Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Topical Formulation ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression

Abstract Background The use of intraoperative topical vancomycin (VAN) is a strategy aimed to prevent surgical site infections (SSI). Although there is evidence to support its efficacy in SSI prevention following orthopedic spine surgeries, data describing its safety, specifically acute kidney injury (AKI) risk, is limited. The purpose of this study was to determine the AKI incidence associated with intraoperative topical VAN. Methods This is a retrospective cohort study reviewing patient encounters where intraoperative topical VAN was administered from February 2018 to July 2018. All adult patients ( ≥18 years) that received topical VAN in the form of powder, beads, rods, paste, cement spacers, or unspecified topical routes were included. Patient encounters were excluded for AKI or renal replacement therapy (RRT) at baseline, ≤ 2 serum creatinine values drawn after surgery, and/or if irrigation was the only topical formulation given. The primary outcome was the percentage of patients who developed AKI after intraoperative topical VAN administration. AKI was defined as an increase in serum creatinine (SCr) ≥50% from baseline, an increase in SCr >0.5 from baseline, or0 if RRT was initiated after topical VAN was given. Secondary outcomes included analysis of AKI risk factors and SSI incidence. AKI risk factors were analyzed using a multivariable logistic regression model. Results A total of 589 patient encounters met study criteria. VAN powder was the most common formulation (40.9%), followed by unspecified topical routes (30.7%) and beads (9.9%%). Nonspinal orthopedic surgeries were the most common procedure performed 46.7%. The incidence of AKI was 8.7%. In a multivariable logistic regression model, AKI was associated with concomitant systemic VAN (OR 3.39, [3.39–6.22]) and total topical VAN dose. Each doubling of the topical dose was associated with increased odds of developing AKI (OR = 1.42, [1.08–1.86]). The incidence of SSI was 5.3%. Conclusion AKI rates associated with intraoperative topical VAN are comparable to that of systemic VAN. Total topical vancomycin dose and concomitant systemic VAN was associated with an increased AKI risk. Additional analysis is warranted to compare these patients to a similar population that did not receive topical VAN. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

Surgical Thoracoabdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair in a Non-High-Volume Institution

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Kunihara ◽  
Claudia Vukic ◽  
Fumihiro Sata ◽  
Hans-Jaochim Schäfers
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Thoracoabdominal Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression ◽  
Cord Injury

Abstract Background Surgical thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm (TAAA) repair remains challenging. Apart from mortality, spinal cord injury (SCI) is a dreaded complication. We analyzed our experience to identify predictors for SCI in a nonhigh-volume institution. Patients and Methods All patients who underwent TAAA repair between February 1996 and November 2016 (n = 182) were enrolled. Most were male (n = 121; 66.4%), median age was 68 years (range: 21–84). Elective operations were performed in 153 instances (84.1%). Our approach to minimize SCI includes distal aortic perfusion, mild hypothermia, identification of the Adamkiewicz artery, and sequential aortic clamping. Cerebrospinal fluid drainage was introduced in 2001 and liberal use of selective visceral perfusion in 2006. Results Early mortality was 12.1%; it was 8.5% after elective procedures. Reduced left ventricular function, nonelective setting, older age, and longer bypass time were identified as independent predictors for mortality in multivariable logistic regression model. Permanent SCI was observed in nine patients (4.9%), of whom seven (3.8%) developed paraplegia. In a multivariable logistic regression model for paraplegia, peripheral arterial disease (PAD), Crawford type II repair, smaller body surface area, and era before 2001 were identified as independent predictors, whereas only PAD was significant for SCI. The incidence of paraplegia was 13.8% in extensive repair out of the first 91 cases, whereas it was improved up to 2.7% thereafter. Conclusion Using an integrated approach, acceptable outcome of TAAA repair can be achieved, even in a nonhigh-volume center. PAD and extensive involvement of the aorta are strong independent predictors for spinal cord deficit after TAAA repair.

Beyond TILs: Predictors of pathologic complete response (pCR) in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients with moderate tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) receiving neoadjuvant therapy.

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 572-572
Author(s):  
Nour Abuhadra ◽  
Kenneth R. Hess ◽  
Jennifer Keating Litton ◽  
Gaiane M Rauch ◽  
Alastair Mark Thompson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Neoadjuvant Therapy ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Early Stage Disease ◽  
Cut Points ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression

572 Background: Increased TIL in TNBC is associated with higher rates of pCR. High TIL is also associated with improved disease free survival and overall survival. The aim of this study is to identify data cut-points of pre-treatment low, moderate and high TIL count based on pCR and to identify clinical and pathological predictors of pCR in patients with moderate TIL. Methods: We evaluated the relationship between pCR and TIL in 180 patients with stage I-III TNBC enrolled in the ARTEMIS trial (NCT02276443). Recursive portioning was used to identify cut-points. Clinical and pathological variables such as age at diagnosis, stage, race, histology as well as Ki-67, vimentin, and androgen receptor (AR) by immunohistochemistry, were evaluated in pts with moderate TIL. A multivariable logistic regression model identified variables independently, significantly associated with pCR. Results: Four TIL groups were identified with pCR rates of 23%, 31%, 48% and 78% respectively (p < 0.0001) (Table A). In the two combined moderate TIL groups, 90 (97%) pts were evaluable for the multivariate model. Stage I-II disease, high Ki-67 and low AR were associated with increased probability of pCR (Table B). The multivariable logistic regression model area under the ROC curve was 0.78 (95% CI=0.68-0.88; p<0.0001). A model of computed risk score [ Stage I-II (score 2)+Ki-67≥ 50% (score 1)+AR<10% (score 1)] predicted a probability of 67% for pCR when all three variables were favorable (Table). Conclusions: Four TIL groups were identified. In pts with moderate TIL levels, early stage disease, high Ki-67 and low AR were associated with increased probability of pCR with neoadjuvant therapy. [Table: see text]

Glaucoma may be a non-memory manifestation of Alzheimer's disease in older people

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (9) ◽  
pp. 1535-1541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shih-Wei Lai ◽  
Cheng-Li Lin ◽  
Kuan-Fu Liao
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Older People ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Taiwan National Health Insurance

ABSTRACTBackground:The purpose of this paper was to examine whether glaucoma could be a non-memory manifestation of Alzheimer's disease in older people.Methods:We conducted a population-based, retrospective, case-control study to analyze the database of the Taiwan National Health Insurance Program. There were 1,351 subjects ≥65 years old with newly diagnosed Alzheimer's disease as the cases, and 5,329 subjects without any type of dementias as the controls during 2000–2011. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for the risk of Alzheimer's disease associated with glaucoma was estimated by the multivariable unconditional logistic regression model.Results:After controlling for confounders, the multivariable logistic regression model demonstrated that the adjusted OR of Alzheimer's disease was 1.50 in subjects with glaucoma (95% CI 1.19, 1.89), compared to subjects without glaucoma.Conclusions:Older people with glaucoma are associated with 1.5-fold increased odds of Alzheimer's disease in Taiwan. Glaucoma may be a non-memory manifestation of Alzheimer's disease in older people. Further research is needed to confirm this issue.

Endoscopic third ventriculostomy in the treatment of childhood hydrocephalus in Uganda: report of a scoring system that predicts success

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin C. Warf ◽  
John Mugamba ◽  
Abhaya V. Kulkarni
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy ◽  
Successful Outcome ◽  
Third Ventriculostomy ◽  
P Value ◽  
Training Set ◽  
Childhood Hydrocephalus ◽  
Validation Set

Object In Uganda, childhood hydrocephalus is common and difficult to treat. In some children, endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) can be successful and avoid dependence on a shunt. This can be especially beneficial in Uganda, because of the high risk of infection and long-term failure associated with shunting. Therefore, the authors developed and validated a model to predict the chances of ETV success, taking into account the unique characteristics of a large sub-Saharan African population. Methods All children presenting with hydrocephalus at CURE Children's Hospital of Uganda (CCHU) between 2001 and 2007 were offered ETV as first-line treatment and were prospectively followed up. A multivariable logistic regression model was built using ETV success at 6 months as the outcome. The model was derived on 70% of the sample (training set) and validated on the remaining 30% (validation set). Results Endoscopic third ventriculostomy was attempted in 1406 patients. Of these, 427 were lost to follow-up prior to 6 months. In the remaining 979 patients, the ETV was aborted in 281 due to poor anatomy/visibility and in 310 the ETV failed during the first 6 months. Therefore, a total of 388 of 979 (39.6% and [55.6% of completed ETVs]) procedures were successful at 6 months. The mean age at ETV was 12.6 months, and 57.8% of cases were postinfectious in origin. The authors' logistic regression model contained the following significant variables: patient age at ETV, cause of hydrocephalus, and whether choroid plexus cauterization was performed. In the training set (676 patients) and validation set (303 patients), the model was able to accurately predict the probability of successful ETV (Hosmer-Lemeshow p value > 0.60 and C statistic > 0.70). The authors developed the simplified CCHU ETV Success Score that can be used in the field to predict the probability of ETV success. Conclusions The authors' model will allow clinicians to accurately identify children with a good chance of successful outcome with ETV, taking into account the unique characteristics and circumstances of the Ugandan population.

scholarly journals Determinants of acute respiratory infection among under-five children in rural Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanuel Mengistu Merera
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Respiratory Infection ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infection ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
P Value ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Rural Ethiopia

Abstract Introduction In low- and middle-income nations, acute respiratory infection (ARI) is the primary cause of morbidity and mortality. According to some studies, Ethiopia has a higher prevalence of childhood acute respiratory infection, ranging from 16 to 33.5%. The goal of this study was to determine the risk factors for acute respiratory infection in children under the age of five in rural Ethiopia. Methods A cross-sectional study involving 7911 children under the age of five from rural Ethiopia was carried out from January 18 to June 27, 2016. A two stage cluster sampling technique was used recruit study subjects and SPSS version 20 was used to extract and analyze data. A binary logistic regression model was used to identify factors associated with a childhood acute respiratory infection. The multivariable logistic regression analysis includes variables with a p-value less than 0.2 during the bivariate logistic regression analysis. Adjusted odds ratios were used as measures of effect with a 95% confidence interval (CI) and variables with a p-value less than 0.05 were considered as significantly associated with an acute respiratory infection. Results The total ARI prevalence rate among 7911 under-five children from rural Ethiopia was 7.8%, according to the findings of the study. The highest prevalence of ARI was found in Oromia (12.8%), followed by Tigray (12.7%), with the lowest frequency found in Benishangul Gumuz (2.4%). A multivariable logistic regression model revealed that child from Poor household (AOR = 2.170, 95% CI: 1.631–2.887), mother’s no education (AOR = 2.050,95% CI: 1.017–4.133), mother’s Primary education (AOR = 2.387, 95% CI:1.176–4.845), child had not received vitamin A (AOR = 1.926, 95% CI:1.578–2.351), child had no diarrhea (AOR = 0.257, 95% CI: 0.210–0.314), mothers not working (AOR = 0.773, 95% CI:0.630–0.948), not stunted (AOR = 0.663, 95% CI: 0.552–0.796), and not improved water source (AOR = 1.715, 95% CI: 1.395–2.109). Similarly, among under-five children, the age of the child, the month of data collection, anemia status, and the province were all substantially linked to ARI. Conclusions Childhood ARI morbidity is a serious health challenge in rural Ethiopia, according to this study, with demographic, socioeconomic, nutritional, health, and environmental factors all having a role. As a result, regional governments, healthcare staff, and concerned groups should place a priority on reducing ARI, and attempts to solve the issue should take these variables into account.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document