scholarly journals “Reverse engineering” research portfolio synergies and tradeoffs from domain expertise in minimum data contexts

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. e0259734
Author(s):  
Benjamin Schiek
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Engineering ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Research Policy ◽  
Engineering Research ◽  
Optimal Resource ◽  
Domain Expertise ◽  
Components Analysis ◽  
Level I ◽  
Portfolio Planning ◽  
Project Level

In research portfolio planning contexts, an estimate of research policy and project synergies/tradeoffs (i.e. covariances) is essential to the optimal leveraging of institution resources. The data by which to make such estimates generally do not exist. Research institutions may often draw on domain expertise to fill this gap, but it is not clear how such ad hoc information can be quantified and fed into an optimal resource allocation workflow. Drawing on principal components analysis, I propose a method for “reverse engineering” synergies/tradeoffs from domain expertise at both the policy and project level. I discuss extensions to other problems and detail how the method can be fed into a research portfolio optimization workflow. I also briefly discuss the relevance of the proposed method in the context of the currently toxic relations between research communities and the donors that fund them.

Comments on Maddieson's ‘Revision of the IPA: Linguo-labials as a test case’

1987 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Spoken Language ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Theoretical Reason ◽  
Front Line ◽  
Level I ◽  
Letter Shape

The IPA alphabet is, first and foremost, a device for use in the making of impressionistic records of spoken language events. There is no alternative device in widespread use. It is neither full nor systematic as a device for this purpose, but can be used remarkably effectively if supplemented with ad hoc extensions and adaptations. Such adaptations need to be explicit if used in published material, but they need not be standard. They do need, though, to be sensible. Although the IPA letter-shapes are not systematic, the articulatory classification that underlies them is. Within this classification it would be perverse to relate a ‘linguo-labial’ to, say, the category ‘velar’, and so a representation based on the letter-shape ‘k’ would be undesirable. Given these limits, though, I can see no theoretical reason why ‘linguo-labials’ should not be written in a number of ways. [P‥] etc. is one way. It is not a particularily good one, in my view, as [‥] is a diacritic that distinguishes a PASSIVE articulator, and this passive articulator is nowhere involved in ‘linguo-labials’. But I would happily accept [P‥]. It would be desirable for a degree of uniformity to apply in PUBLISHED material, but this is a matter more for editors and for publishers than for front-line linguists. At the PHONETIC level, I can't see that it matters whether we use [P‥] or, say, [‡] in published material: and other suggestions will no doubt be forthcoming, PRACTICAL considerations are paramount here, some solutions being easier to print, type and read than others.

scholarly journals An Observational Tool to Assess Activity Limitation in Ambulatory People with Cerebral Palsy When Performing Motor Skills

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 1896
Author(s):  
Alba Roldan ◽  
José M. Sarabia ◽  
Guillermo Gómez-Marcos ◽  
Raul Reina
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
System Level ◽  
Range Of Movement ◽  
Data Collection Instrument ◽  
Level I

Ratios of physical activity and sports participation in people with cerebral palsy (CP) are still low compared with people without a disability. For an adequate and useful practice, physical activity professionals should understand how different types of CP profiles constrain the performance of motor skills that are required during sports practice. This study aims to develop an observation-based assessment tool to evaluate activity limitations in individuals with a moderate level of CP when performing skills requiring jumping, sprinting, change of direction, coordination, and balance. Nineteen observers with different backgrounds from five world regions were recruited for this study, with accredited experience classifying/observing para-athletes with CP. All observers watched videos of 20 international para-athletes with different CP profiles (bilateral spasticity, athetosis/ataxia, unilateral spasticity; all Gross Motor Function Classification System level I) performing 16 motor tasks, and their observations were recorded throughout an ad-hoc data collection instrument. A total of 6080 units of qualitative information were recorded for data analysis. An observation-based tool with qualitative descriptors is derived from data analyses, describing how coordination and balance affected mainly in those with dyskinesia/ataxia, range of movement in those with diplegia, and asymmetries in those with hemiplegia. This tool would help sports practitioners and physical educators to better understand how different CP profiles constrain the performance of motor skills.

scholarly journals BioCollect - A modern cloud application for standards-base field data recording

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. e25439
Author(s):  
Peter Brenton
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Citizen Science ◽  
Natural Resource Management ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Research Policy ◽  
Mobile Apps ◽  
Seed Collection

Many organisations running citizen science projects don’t have access to or the knowledge or means to develop databases and apps for their projects. Some are also concerned about long-term data management and also how to make the data that they collect accessible and impactful in terms of scientific research, policy and management outcomes. To solve these issues, the Atlas of Living Australia (ALA) has developed BioCollect. BioCollect is a sophisticated, yet simple to use tool which has been built in collaboration with hundreds of real users who are actively involved in field data capture. It has been developed to support the needs of scientists, ecologists, citizen scientists and natural resource managers in the field-collection and management of biodiversity, ecological and natural resource management (NRM) data. BioCollect is a cloud-based facility hosted by the ALA and also includes associated mobile apps for offline data collection in the field. BioCollect provides form-based structured data collection for: Ad-hoc survey-based records; Method-based systematic structured surveys; and Activity-based projects such as natural resource management intervention projects (eg. revegetation, site restoration, seed collection, weed and pest management, etc.). This session will cover how BioCollect is being used for citizen science in Australia and some of the features of the tool.

A Testbed to Support Collaboration Among Distributed Designers for Reverse Engineering, Re-Engineering and Fast Manufacturing

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahed Siddique ◽  
Kuang-Hua Chang ◽  
Zhiqiang Chen ◽  
Mangesh Edke
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Engineering ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Turnaround Time ◽  
Technical Data ◽  
Solid Models ◽  
Advanced Manufacturing Technologies ◽  
Physical Prototype ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Commercial Off The Shelf ◽  
Manufacturing Technologies

This paper presents development of a testbed to support collaboration among a set of distributed engineers to reverse, re-engineer, and fast manufacture (RRF) components for aging aircrafts. This testbed allows a geographically distributed team to work on a design task both synchronously and asynchronously. Commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) software tools and equipment that support the RRF process have been identified, evaluated, and tested. An integration framework has also been developed and employed to create an RRF testbed. This testbed constructed using COTS software and equipment supports three major engineering tasks: the reverse engineering that supports recovering of technical data from worn sample parts, re-engineering that alters design for better performance or lower cost, and fast prototyping that incorporates advanced manufacturing technologies to produce functional or physical prototype of the part in small quantity in a short turnaround time. Traditional reverse engineering projects are ad-hoc, usually takes relatively long time to generate solid models from physical parts. The developed testbed utilizes commercial software to accomplish reverse engineering, re-engineer and fast manufacture using a systematic approach. A number of examples obtained from logistics centers have been employed to illustrate and demonstrate the capabilities established in the RRF testbed.

A GALLERY OF CHUA ATTRACTORS: PART III

2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (03) ◽  
pp. 657-734 ◽  
Author(s):  
ELEONORA BILOTTA ◽  
FAUSTO STRANGES ◽  
PIETRO PANTANO
Keyword(s):  
Parameter Space ◽  
Information Seeking ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
High Dimensional ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Processes Of Change ◽  
Parameter Spaces ◽  
Chua’S Oscillator ◽  
Components Analysis

The visualization of patterns related to chaos is a challenge for those who are part of today's dynamical systems community, especially when we consider the aim of providing users with the ability to visually analyze and explore large, complex datasets related to chaos. Thus visualization could be considered a useful element in the discovery of unexpected relationships and dependencies that may exist inside the domain of chaos, both in the phase and the parameter spaces. In the second part of "A Gallery of Chua attractors", we presented an overview of forms which can only be produced by the physical circuit. In Part III, we illustrate the variety and beauty of the strange attractors produced by the dimensionless version of the system. As in our earlier work, we have used ad hoc methods, such as bifurcation maps and software tools, allowing rapid exploration of parameter space. Applying these techniques, we show how it is possible, starting from attractors described in the literature, to find new families of patterns, with a special focus on the cognitive side of information seeking and on qualitative processes of change in chaos, thus demonstrating that traditional categories of chaos exploration need to be renewed. After a brief introduction to dimensionless equations for Chua's oscillator, we show 150 attractors, which we represent using three-dimensional images, time series and FFT diagrams. For the most important patterns, we also report Lyapunov exponents. To show the position of dimensionless attractors in parameter space, we use parallel coordinate techniques that facilitate the visualization of high dimensional spaces. We use Principal Components Analysis (PCA) and Mahalanobis Distance to provide additional tools for the exploration and visualization of the structure of the parameter space.

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