scholarly journals Consistency in identity-related sequential decisions

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0260048
Author(s):  
Dikla Perez ◽  
Yael Steinhart ◽  
Amir Grinstein ◽  
Meike Morren
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Social Identities ◽  
Sequential Decisions ◽  
Self Presentation ◽  
Central Factor ◽  
First Results ◽  
Practical Implications

Consumers often make decisions that reflect either personal or social identities. In many cases, such decisions are made along a sequence. Our research introduces a central factor that influences consumers’ likelihood of expressing a consistent identity type along a sequence of decisions: the extent to which their usage of the product involved in the first decision is expected to be observable by others (the product’s expected visibility). A field experiment, and four lab studies, coupled with an internal meta-analysis, show that when the product involved in the first decision has high (as opposed to low) expected visibility, consumers are more likely to make a subsequent decision that is consistent with the first. Results show that self-presentation mediates this effect, and suggest that low integration between the identities involved in the decisions might attenuate it. Our findings offer implications for identity research and practical implications for marketers seeking to develop products and design communications that encourage consistent (or inconsistent) behavior.

scholarly journals Request framing moderates the influence of affective images on charitable giving

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Genevsky ◽  
Brian Knutson ◽  
Carolyn Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Positive Affect ◽  
Charitable Giving ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Matching Effect ◽  
Psychological Mechanisms ◽  
Negative Images ◽  
Donation Behavior ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Practical Implications

AbstractFundraising organizations face difficult decisions regarding how to construct solicitations for donations. While these aid requests often include multiple salient features, their interactive effect on donation behavior and the psychological mechanisms that underlie their combined influence remain unclear. In six studies utilizing online and laboratory samples, as well as hypothetical and real incentives, we examine whether and how request framing moderates the impact of positive and negative images on charitable giving. Across all studies and in a single-paper meta-analysis, the influence of affective images on giving was moderated by the valence of request framing, such that affectively matched features most effectively elicited donations. Further, donors’ experienced positive affect could account for this matching effect – even in cases of matched negative features. These findings suggest that organizations can increase the effectiveness of aid requests by focusing on the affective match of request features. This work integrates previously discrepant findings on the impact of affect on donations and holds both conceptual implications for how affect can influence giving and practical implications for organizations seeking to design optimally effective requests for aid.

scholarly journals Self-Presentation Processes in Job Analysis: A Field Experiment Investigating Inflation in Abilities, Tasks, and Competencies.

2004 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 674-686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick P. Morgeson ◽  
Kelly Delaney-Klinger ◽  
Melinda S. Mayfield ◽  
Philip Ferrara ◽  
Michael A. Campion
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Job Analysis ◽  
Self Presentation

scholarly journals Informal nature experience on the school playground

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Raith
Keyword(s):  
Primary Schools ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
School Teacher ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Primary School Teacher ◽  
School Playgrounds ◽  
First Results ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Nature Experience

Abstract In Germany, all-day care and all-day schooling are currently increasing on a large-scale. The extended time children spend in educational institutions could potentially result in limited access to nature experience for children. On the other hand, it could equally create opportunities for informal nature experience if school playgrounds have a specific nature-oriented design. This article is written from the perspective of a primary school teacher and presents the findings of a meta-analysis which looks at the impact nature experience has on the development of children. Furthermore, the first results of a research study on green playgrounds in primary schools is discussed. The results so far seem to indicate that green school playgrounds have the potential of providing nature experience particularly for primary students

scholarly journals Examining the effects of interorganizational learning on performance: a meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 574-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anni Rajala
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
Interorganizational Learning ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Research Designs ◽  
Different Types ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose Relationship learning is viewed as an important factor in enhancing competitiveness and an important determinant of profitability in relationships. Prior studies have acknowledged the positive effects of interorganizational learning on performance, but the performance measures applied have varied. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between interorganizational learning and different types of performance. The paper also goes beyond direct effects by investigating the moderating effects of different research designs. Design/methodology/approach This paper applies a meta-analytic approach to systematically analyze 21 independent studies (N = 4,618) to reveal the relationship between interorganizational learning and performance. Findings The findings indicate that interorganizational learning is an important predictor of performance, and that the effects of interorganizational learning on performance differ in magnitude under different research conditions. Research limitations/implications The paper focuses on interorganizational learning, and during the data collection, some related topics were excluded from the data search to retain the focus on learning. Practical implications The study evinces the breadth of the field of interorganizational learning and how different research designs affect research results. Moreover, this meta-analysis indicates the need for greater clarity when defining the concepts used in studies and for definitions of the concepts applied in the field of interorganizational learning to be unified. Originality/value This study is the first to meta-analytically synthesize literature on interorganizational learning. It also illuminates new perspectives for future studies within this field.

What do practitioners expect from an evaluation report? A qualitative analysis of Dutch crisis management professionals' expectations

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralf Josef Johanna Beerens ◽  
Karin Haverhoek-Mieremet
Keyword(s):  
Crisis Management ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Evaluation Process ◽  
Information Analysis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Overall Design ◽  
Effective Evaluation ◽  
User Expectations ◽  
Management Professionals ◽  
Practical Implications

PurposeThis paper seeks to overcome the mismatch between evaluation reports and the expectations of the target audience, by identifying crisis management professionals' expectations.Design/methodology/approachAn adapted stakeholder information analysis was used to survey the expectations of 84 crisis management professionals in the Netherlands. A general inductive analysis was applied to qualitative data, from which five main themes emerged: purpose; object or focus; reasoning and (meta) analysis; result or conclusion, and the overall design of the evaluation.FindingsCurrently, evaluation reports are seen merely as a way to share experience and support thinking about how to avoid repeating mistakes. However, most respondents expected them to contribute to learning and support improvement. They should provide actionable feedback on what could be done differently or better, and indicate how this can be achieved. Respondents emphasised the need to focus on the human factor and not neglect the context. The wide variety of views underlined that it is difficult to create one evaluation product that meets all expectations.Research limitations/implicationsAlthough some major themes clearly emerged from the data, it is unclear how they relate to each other, and their relative importance. In addition, no distinction is made between evaluations of real events and simulations.Practical implicationsUsers should be encouraged to provide input into the evaluation process by clarifying their needs and how they use evaluation reports.Originality/valueThis research is the first attempt to identify user expectations regarding what constitutes an effective evaluation.

Tailored heating of forging billets using induction and conduction heating approaches

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-107
Author(s):  
Martin Schulze ◽  
Egbert Baake
Keyword(s):  
Heating Process ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Rotationally Symmetric ◽  
First Results ◽  
Thermal Solution ◽  
One Step ◽  
Transient Thermal ◽  
Method Model ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Conduction Heating

Purpose This paper aims to deal with different induction and conduction heating approaches to realize a tailored heating of round billets for hot forming processes. In particular, this work examines the limits in which tailor-made temperature profiles can be achieved in the billet. In this way, a flow stress distribution based on the temperature field in the material can be set in a targeted manner, which is decisive for forming processes. Design/methodology/approach For the heating of round billets by induction, the rotationally symmetric arrangement is used and a parameterized 2D finite element method model is created. The harmonic electromagnetic solution is coupled with the transient thermal solution. For heating by means of conduction, the same procedure is used only with the use of a 3D model. Findings First results have shown that both methods can achieve very good results for billets with small diameters (d < 30 mm). For larger diameters, an adapted control of the heating process is necessary to ensure through heating of the material. Further investigations are carried out. Practical implications Using tailored heating for forging billets, several forming steps can be achieved in one step. Among other things, higher energy efficiency and throughput rates can be achieved. Originality/value The peculiarity of the tailored heating approach is that, in contrast to inhomogeneous heating, where only partial areas are heated, the entire component is heated to the target.

scholarly journals Meta-analytic insights into factors influencing the repeatability of hormone levels in agricultural, ecological, and medical fields

2019 ◽  
Vol 316 (2) ◽  
pp. R101-R109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerry V. Fanson ◽  
Peter A. Biro
Keyword(s):  
Individual Variation ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Sampling Interval ◽  
Family Type ◽  
Sample Type ◽  
Type Number ◽  
Hormone Levels ◽  
Fields Of Study ◽  
Baseline Levels ◽  
Practical Implications

Interest in individual variation in hormone concentrations is rapidly increasing, particularly with regard to the evolutionary and practical implications. A key aspect of studying individual variation in any labile trait is estimating the degree of within- versus among-individual variation, but at present, we do not have a broad consensus on the extent to which hormone levels are repeatable and what factors might influence repeatability. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis of hormone levels that included 1,132 estimates of repeatability from 368 studies across three fields of study: agriculture, ecology, and medicine. We assessed the influence of sex, age class, sample type, hormone family, type of hormone measure, assay type, number of subjects, number of samples per subject, and sampling interval on repeatability estimates. Overall mean repeatability was 0.58, but estimates differed substantially among study disciplines, being lowest in ecology (0.34), moderate in agriculture (0.52), and relatively high in medicine (0.68). In addition, repeatability decreased slightly as sampling interval increased, and also tended to be higher for peak hormone levels than baseline levels. Overall, hormone levels are moderately repeatable, suggesting that they can potentially be useful indicators of individual variation. However, estimates of repeatability are quite variable among fields, so caution should be used when relying on single samples to assess individual variation.

The Impact of Vulnerability to and Severity of a Health Risk on Processing and Acceptance of Fear-Arousing Communications: A Meta-Analysis

2007 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 258-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natascha de Hoog ◽  
Wolfgang Stroebe ◽  
John B. F. de Wit
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Fear Appeals ◽  
Fear Appeal ◽  
Stage Model ◽  
Defensive Processing ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Practical Implications

This meta-analysis of studies of the persuasive impact of fear appeals evaluated the contribution of our stage model of the processing of fear-arousing communications relative to other fear appeal theories. In contrast to other theories, our stage model (a) specifies the cognitive processes underlying persuasion through fear-arousing communications, (b) proposes that threat-induced defensive processing does not interfere with the effectiveness of fear-arousing communications but actually contributes to it, and (c) predicts that vulnerability and severity manipulations have differential effects on measures of attitude as compared with intention and behavior. To evaluate these predictions, the authors expanded on previous meta-analyses by assessing the independent as well as joint effects of vulnerability to and severity of a risk, both on information processing and on measures of persuasion (attitude, intention, behavior). Overall, findings were consistent with the stage model. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.

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