scholarly journals Obesity and the risk of developing chronic diseases in middle-aged and older adults: Findings from an Australian longitudinal population survey, 2009–2017

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. e0260158
Author(s):  
Syed Afroz Keramat ◽  
Khorshed Alam ◽  
Rezwanul Hasan Rana ◽  
Rupok Chowdhury ◽  
Fariha Farjana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Excessive Weight

Background Overweight and obesity impose a significant health burden in Australia, predominantly the middle-aged and older adults. Studies of the association between obesity and chronic diseases are primarily based on cross-sectional data, which is insufficient to deduce a temporal relationship. Using nationally representative panel data, this study aims to investigate whether obesity is a significant risk factor for type 2 diabetes, heart diseases, asthma, arthritis, and depression in Australian middle-aged and older adults. Methods Longitudinal data comprising three waves (waves 9, 13 and 17) of the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) survey were used in this study. This study fitted longitudinal random-effect logistic regression models to estimate the between-person differences in the association between obesity and chronic diseases. Results The findings indicated that obesity was associated with a higher prevalence of chronic diseases among Australian middle-aged and older adults. Obese adults (Body Mass Index [BMI] ≥ 30) were at 12.76, 2.05, 1.97, 2.25, and 1.96, times of higher risks of having type 2 diabetes (OR: 12.76, CI 95%: 8.88–18.36), heart disease (OR: 2.05, CI 95%: 1.54–2.74), asthma (OR: 1.97, CI 95%: 1.49–2.62), arthritis (OR: 2.25, 95% CI: 1.90–2.68) and depression (OR: 1.96, CI 95%: 1.56–2.48), respectively, compared with healthy weight counterparts. However, the study did not find any evidence of a statistically significant association between obesity and cancer. Besides, gender stratified regression results showed that obesity is associated with a higher likelihood of asthma (OR: 2.64, 95% CI: 1.84–3.80) among female adults, but not in the case of male adults. Conclusion Excessive weight is strongly associated with a higher incidence of chronic disease in Australian middle-aged and older adults. This finding has clear public health implications. Health promotion programs and strategies would be helpful to meet the challenge of excessive weight gain and thus contribute to the prevention of chronic diseases.

Does Interrupting Prolonged Sitting With 10- or 20-Min Standing Attenuate Postprandial Glycemia and Blood Pressure in Middle-Aged and Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes?

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Yuri A. Freire ◽  
Carlos A. Silva ◽  
Geovani A. D. Macêdo ◽  
Rodrigo A. V. Browne ◽  
Bruno M. de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Acute Effect ◽  
Sitting Time ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Postprandial Glycemia ◽  
Prolonged Sitting

We carried out three types of 2-hr experimental sessions with middle-aged and older adults with Type 2 diabetes in order to examine the acute effect of interrupting prolonged sitting with varying periods of standing on postprandial glycemia and blood pressure (BP): (a) prolonged sitting after breakfast; (b) standing for 10 min, 30 min after breakfast; and (c) standing for 20 min, 30 min after breakfast. Glucose and BP were assessed before and after breakfast. A generalized linear model revealed no significant differences for the incremental area under the curve of glucose between standing for 10 min, 30 min after breakfast, versus prolonged sitting after breakfast (β = –4.5 mg/dl/2 hr, 95% CI [–17.3, 8.4]) and standing for 20 min, 30 min after breakfast, versus prolonged sitting after breakfast (β = 0.9 mg/dl/2 hr, 95% CI [–11.9, 13.7]). There was no difference in area under the curve of systolic and diastolic BP among the sessions. Interrupting prolonged sitting time with 10 or 20 min of standing 30 min after breakfast does not attenuate postprandial glycemia or BP in middle-aged and older adults with Type 2 diabetes.

scholarly journals Low muscle mass and risk of type 2 diabetes in middle-aged and older adults: findings from the KoGES

Diabetologia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 865-872 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jang Won Son ◽  
Seong Su Lee ◽  
Sung Rae Kim ◽  
Soon Jib Yoo ◽  
Bong Yun Cha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Middle Aged

Managing Type 2 Diabetes in Low-Income, Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Pilot Study

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leilani Feliciano ◽  
Mary E. Steers ◽  
Sarah L. Anderson ◽  
Allison A. Jay ◽  
Brenna Renn
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Middle Aged

Accelerometer-measured Physical Activity of Older Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: A scoping review (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioana A. Moldovan ◽  
Alexa Bragg ◽  
Anna Nidhiry ◽  
Barbara A. De La Cruz ◽  
Suzanne E. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Physical Activity Intensity ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Activity Intensity

BACKGROUND Incorporating physical activity in lifestyle routines is recommended for individuals living with type 2 diabetes. Accelerometer devices offer a promising alternative to self-report methods for measuring physical activity performance. However, the extant literature for accelerometer-measured physical activity among middle-aged/older adults with chronic conditions is lacking. OBJECTIVE We conducted a comprehensive scoping review of the literature to capture accelerometry methodologies in older adults with type 2 diabetes, specifically in relation to cutpoints that classify physical activity into intensity categories (sedentary, light, moderate, vigorous, very vigorous). METHODS Applying the Joanna Briggs Institute’s methodology, we searched PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Engineering Village to identify studies that used research-grade accelerometers to objectively measure physical activity intensity levels of adults with type 2 diabetes using cutpoints in participant samples of mean age 50 years and older. RESULTS We identified 46 studies that met our inclusion criteria. The ActiGraph was the most popular accelerometer among researchers, and the Freedson (1998) and Troiano (2008) cutpoints were favored the most. The Lopes (2009) cutpoints were developed by calibrating the ActiGraph accelerometer in middle-aged and older adults with overweight/ obesity and type 2 diabetes. Several studies noted limitations of accelerometry use that could lead to an underestimation or inaccurate representation of physical activity for our population of interest. Limitations included decreased accuracy due to variation in device placement and underestimation of activity intensity attributed to using cutpoints in older adults with lower fitness levels that were originally validated with younger adults. CONCLUSIONS Considering the high variability among accelerometry methodologies, more work needs to be done to understand activity intensity cut-offs for populations with a high burden of chronic disease, older age, and suboptimal physical functioning.

scholarly journals Physical Function Following a Long-Term Lifestyle Intervention Among Middle Aged and Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: The Look AHEAD Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 73 (11) ◽  
pp. 1552-1559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise K Houston ◽  
Rebecca H Neiberg ◽  
Michael E Miller ◽  
James O Hill ◽  
John M Jakicic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Lifestyle Intervention ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Look Ahead ◽  
The Look
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