scholarly journals Body image in patients with different types of cancer

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. e0260602
Author(s):  
Jan Brederecke ◽  
Anja Heise ◽  
Tanja Zimmermann
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
General Population ◽  
Relationship Satisfaction ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Gynecological Cancer ◽  
The Body ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Time Since Diagnosis

Background Cancer can cause physical changes and affect satisfaction with a persons’ physical appearance, which in turn can affect overall quality of life. Previous studies have primarily focused on women with breast cancer and few is known about body image in patients with other cancers and especially men. The present study compares satisfaction with body image of patients with different types of cancer with the general population and across sexes and identifies risk factors for diminished body image. Additionally, patients that were diagnosed within the last year and those living with cancer for longer are compared. Methods In this cross-sectional study, N = 531 cancer patients answered the German Self-Image Scale to assess body image. One sample t-tests are utilized to compare the body image of cancer patients with the general population. Stepwise regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with body image and ANOVAs with posthoc tests as well as t-tests were used to examine group differences. Results Cancer patients showed diminished body image compared to the general population. For men, higher relationship satisfaction and lower cancer-specific distress were associated with more positive body self-acceptance (SA), whereas younger age, higher relationship satisfaction, and lower cancer-specific distress resulted in better perceived partner-acceptance of one’s body (PA). In women, higher education, lower anxiety and cancer-specific distress were associated with more positive SA. Female cancer patients with breast/gynecological cancer reported better SA than those with visceral cancers. Higher relationship satisfaction and lower cancer-specific distress were found to be associated with more satisfactory PA in females. Time since diagnosis did not affect body image in this study. Conclusions Results indicate that cancer patients regardless of sex tend to have decreased body image satisfaction. Future research directions include examination of additional entities of cancer, deeper research in men and the role of time since diagnosis.

scholarly journals Percepção da imagem corporal e indicadores antropométricos e de composição corporal associados em idosos

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 525-534
Author(s):  
Iasmim Batista Correia ◽  
Nathalie De Almeida Silva ◽  
Paulo Granges e Silva ◽  
Tarciana Nobre de Menezes
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Body Image ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Body Image Dissatisfaction ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Image Perception ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Body Image Perception

Aging leads to psychological losses and various physical changes that, associated with body-stereotyped patterns imposed by society, can cause disturbances in the body image perception (BIP) in the elderly. The aim of this study was to evaluate BIP in older adults living in the city of Campina Grande / PB and its relationship with different anthropometric and body composition indicators. This cross-sectional study was carried out with older adults of both sexes enrolled in the Family Health Strategy of Campina Grande, PB. BIP was considered as a dependent variable and body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), triceps skinfold (TSF), and arm fat area (AFA) as independent variables. The association between BIP and anthropometric indicators was verified using the Pearson chi-square test (X²), simple and multiple logistic regression, with significance level of p <0.05. Overall, 420 older adults were interviewed (68.1% women), of whom 409 reported their actual body image perception. Regarding the perception of idealized body image, 11 individuals did not respond and 230 were satisfied, since 179 desired another silhouette. Individuals with BMI indicative of overweight / obesity were more likely of showing body image dissatisfaction compared to those with normal weight. Subjects with excessive TSF showed greater body image dissatisfaction in relation to those with normal weight. Women were more likely of showing body image dissatisfaction. Thus, it was observed that variables BMI, TSF and sex were independently associated with body image satisfaction.

Predictors of Psychiatric Morbidity in Cancer Patients

1994 ◽  
Vol 165 (5) ◽  
pp. 593-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judy Harrison ◽  
Peter Maguire
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Study Designs ◽  
Patients Experience

BackgroundA significant proportion of cancer patients experience psychiatric morbidity in association with diagnosis and treatment. If this morbidity is to be reduced, a better understanding is needed of the factors which influence adjustment to cancer.MethodA review of the literature was carried out to explore those factors associated with poor psychological adjustment to cancer. These are described under four headings: characteristics of the patient; disease and treatment variables; the interaction between patient and illness; and environmental factors.ResultsA number of risk factors for psychiatric morbidity can be identified from each of the four areas. Methodological limitations are highlighted, in particular the preponderance of cross-sectional study designs.ConclusionsIncreased awareness of the risk factors for psychiatric morbidity should lead to earlier detection and more appropriate treatment. Future research should focus on those risk factors which are potentially modifiable.

scholarly journals Cognitive mechanisms in adolescent and young adult cancer patients and survivors: Feasibility and preliminary insights from the Cognitions and Affect in Cancer Resiliency Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Urska Kosir ◽  
Milan Wiedemann ◽  
Jennifer Wild ◽  
Lucy Bowes
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Psychosocial Interventions ◽  
Coping Mechanisms ◽  
Adolescent And Young Adult ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cancer Worry ◽  
Cognitive Mechanisms ◽  
Cognitive Coping ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mental Defeat

This cross-sectional pilot study assesses the feasibility of conducting online research into cognitive coping mechanisms in AYA cancer populations. Twenty-one participants, aged 18 - 39 years, answered questionnaires about mental defeat, rumination, cancer worry, anxiety, and experience participating in such research. Seven participants scored in the clinical range for anxiety. Cancer-related worry was common. Rumination and mental defeat were positively associated with anxiety. The participants reported the length and type of questions to be appropriate and not distressing. Findings may inform future research into cognitive coping mechanisms, which could aid the development of psychosocial interventions for young cancer patients.

Broad Conceptualization of Beauty

2019 ◽  
pp. 52-57
Author(s):  
Tracy L. Tylka
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Body Appreciation ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Body Sizes ◽  
Clinical Considerations ◽  
Theory Research

A theme of broadly conceptualizing beauty has emerged in interviews of adolescent and adult women who espouse a positive body image. Broadly conceptualizing beauty is perceiving many looks, appearances, and body sizes/shapes as beautiful and drawing from inner characteristics (e.g., confidence) when determining an individual’s beauty. This chapter first discusses the relevance of broadly conceptualizing beauty to theory, research, and practice on girls’ and women’s positive embodiment. Next, this chapter presents the Broad Conceptualization of Beauty Scale (BCBS), which assesses women’s attitudes toward other women’s beauty. The BCBS has been shown to yield evidence of reliability and validity among community samples of women. It can also be combined with an item from the Body Appreciation Scale-2, which assesses self-beauty, to obtain a more comprehensive assessment of women’s tendency to broadly conceptualize beauty (i.e., within themselves and others). The chapter ends by discussing future research and clinical considerations for this construct.

Distress and body image due to altered appearance in posttreatment and active treatment of breast cancer patients and in general population controls

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danbee Kang ◽  
Eun-Kyung Choi ◽  
Im-Ryung Kim ◽  
Seok Jin Nam ◽  
Jeong Eon Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Body Image ◽  
General Population ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Active Treatment ◽  
Breast Cancer Survivors ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Skin Changes ◽  
Population Controls

ABSTRACTObjective:Our objective was to evaluate long-term altered appearance, distress, and body image in posttreatment breast cancer patients and compare them with those of patients undergoing active treatment and with general population controls.Method:We conducted a cross-sectional survey between May and December of 2010. We studied 138 breast cancer patients undergoing active treatment and 128 posttreatment patients from 23 Korean hospitals and 315 age- and area-matched subjects drawn from the general population. Breast, hair, and skin changes, distress, and body image were assessed using visual analogue scales and the EORTC BR–23. Average levels of distress were compared across groups, and linear regression was utilized to identify the factors associated with body image.Results:Compared to active-treatment patients, posttreatment patients reported similar breast changes (6.6 vs. 6.2), hair loss (7.7 vs. 6.7), and skin changes (5.8 vs. 5.4), and both groups had significantly more severe changes than those of the general population controls (p < 0.01). For a similar level of altered appearance, however, breast cancer patients experienced significantly higher levels of distress than the general population. In multivariate analysis, patients with high altered appearance distress reported significantly poorer body image (–20.7, CI95% = –28.3 to –13.1) than patients with low distress.Significance of results:Posttreatment breast cancer patients experienced similar levels of altered appearance, distress, and body-image disturbance relative to patients undergoing active treatment but significantly higher distress and poorer body image than members of the general population. Healthcare professionals should acknowledge the possible long-term effects of altered appearance among breast cancer survivors and help them to manage the associated distress and psychological consequences.

Characterization of eating behavior disorders in school-aged children and adolescents: a population-based study

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Márcia Tenório de Souza Cavalcanti ◽  
Ilma Kruze Grande de Arruda ◽  
Emilly Anne Cardoso Moreno de Lima ◽  
Waldemar Brandão Neto ◽  
Estela Maria Leite Meirelles Monteiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
The Body ◽  
Eating Behaviours ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Eating Pattern ◽  
Compulsive Eating ◽  
Restrictive Eating ◽  
School Aged Children

Abstract Objective: Cross-sectional study to assess the characteristics of the risk behaviors for eating disorders (EDs) in school children between 10 and 14 years of age in the city of Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil. Methods: 1405 school-aged children were assessed, using the Eating Behaviours and Body Image Test (EBBIT) to screen for EDs. The normality of the continuing variables was tested using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test with Lilliefors correction. They were described as medians and interquartile intervals (25 and 75th percentiles). Results: The criteria that represented a condition of anorexia and/or bulimia nervosa were considered as strong indicators of risk for EDs in school-aged children who indicated the following behaviors with scores superior to the 75th percentile on the scales: “compulsive eating” 3.0% (CI95% 2.2–4.0); “dissatisfaction with body image/restrictive eating” 1.3% (CI95% 0.8–2.0); children scoring superior to the 30th percentile, “compulsive eating” + “dissatisfaction with body image/restrictive eating”, 0.6% (CI95% 0.3–1.2); and superior to the 50th percentile; “compensatory behavior for hyperphagia” 6.7% (CI95% 5.4–8.1). In addition, greater vulnerability of the female gender was perceived, as well as an increase in the preliminary risk factors of EDs, such as advanced age, dissatisfaction with the body image linked to restrictive behaviors and the compulsive establishment of an eating pattern. Conclusion: This study shows the dimension of the problem in this ecological context and the urgent need for intervention programs, developed among different sectors, from the perspective of the adolescents’ empowerment to prevent and minimize the vulnerability factors of the eating disorders.

The Spanish version of the Body Image Scale (S-BIS): psychometric properties in a sample of breast and gynaecological cancer patients

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 473-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paloma Gómez-Campelo ◽  
Carmen Bragado-Álvarez ◽  
M. José Hernández-Lloreda ◽  
M. Luisa Sánchez-Bernardos
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
The Body ◽  
Gynaecological Cancer ◽  
Spanish Version ◽  
Body Image Scale

Body image and eating disorders are common in professional and amateur athletes using performance and image-enhancing drugs (pieds). A cross-sectional study

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S144-S144
Author(s):  
D. Piacentino ◽  
L. Longo ◽  
A. Pavan ◽  
S. Ferracuti ◽  
R. Brugnoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Body Dysmorphic Disorder ◽  
The Body ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Amateur Athletes ◽  
Image Enhancing ◽  
Psychopathological Disorders

IntroductionThe use of Performance and Image-Enhancing Drugs (PIEDs) is on the increase and appears to be associated with several psychopathological disorders, whose prevalence in unclear.Objectives/AimsWe aimed to evaluate the differences–if any–in the prevalence of body image disorders (BIDs) and eating disorders (EDs) in PIEDs users athletes vs. PIEDs nonusers ones.MethodsWe enrolled 84 consecutive professional and amateur athletes (35.8% females; age range = 18–50), training in several sports centers in Italy. They underwent structured interviews (SCID I/SCID II) and completed the Body Image Concern Inventory (BICI) and the Sick, Control, One, Fat, Food Eating Disorder Screening Test (SCOFF). Mann-Whitney U test and Fisher's exact test were used for comparisons.ResultsOf the 84 athletes, 18 (21.4%) used PIEDs. The most common PIEDs were anabolic androgenic steroids, amphetamine-like substances, cathinones, ephedrine, and caffeine derivatives (e.g. guarana). The two groups did not differ in socio-demographic characteristics, but differed in anamnestic and psychopathological ones, with PIEDs users athletes being characterized by significantly (P-values < 0.05) higher physical activity levels, consuming more coffee, cigarettes, and psychotropic medications (e.g. benzodiazepines) per day, presenting more SCID diagnoses of psychiatric disorders, especially Substance Use Disorders, Eating Disorders, Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD), and General Anxiety Disorders, showing higher BICI scores, which indicate a higher risk of BDD, and higher SCOFF scores, which suggest a higher risk of BIDs and EDs.ConclusionsIn PIEDs users athletes body image and eating disorders, and more in general psychopathological disorders, are more common than in PIEDs nonusers athletes.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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