scholarly journals Assessment of end-of-life vehicle recycling: Remanufacturing waste sheet steel into mesh sheet

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0261079
Author(s):  
Ziyad Tariq Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
End Of Life ◽  
Automobile Industry ◽  
Steel Sheet ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Sheet Steel ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Recovery Capacity ◽  
Development Route ◽  
Environmental Feasibility ◽  
Medium Enterprises

The automobile industry contributes significantly to global energy use and carbon emissions. Hence, there are significant economic and environmental benefits in recovering materials from end-of-life vehicles (ELVs). Here, the remanufacturing of waste steel sheet (WSS) from ELVs into useful mesh steel sheet (MSS) for metal forming applications was evaluated based on its technological, economic, and environmental feasibility. A remanufacturing plant with a dismantling capacity of over 30,171 ELV/year and a recovery capacity of 1000 m2/d of WSS was used as a case study. Remanufacturing can achieve a total reduction of ~3800 kg CO2/ELV and an economic benefit of ~775 USD/ELV compared with conventional recycling. The calculated feasibility indexes were similar to or exceeded standard feasibility thresholds, indicating that WSS remanufacturing is a viable sustainable development route and has synergistic benefits when combined with existing recycling plants, especially in developing countries as small-to-medium enterprises.

The Economic and Environmental Benefits From Distributed PV and Wind Technologies in a Colorado Community

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moncef Krarti
Keyword(s):  
Energy Use ◽  
Specific Model ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Baseline Scenario ◽  
Electricity Use ◽  
The Status ◽  
Environmental Feasibility ◽  
Renewable Technology

This paper presents the results from an economic and environmental feasibility study on photovoltaic PV and wind technologies for a community of 200 homes in Superior, CO. The electrical load profile assumed for the community, the solar resources available, and the wind resources are defined. Specific PV modules and wind turbines are identified. A simulation model was created in HOMER software and the specific model assumptions and reasoning presented. The results of the simulation show that the baseline scenario of grid electricity use is the best economic decision under the status quo system parameters. However, it is shown through sensitivity analyses and requirements for specific levels of renewable energy use, that the best possible system for the community should not be evaluated solely on the status quo economic parameters. PV is shown to be the best renewable technology to consider while wind energy proves to be a poor choice for the specific location of the community. Emissions of CO2 and other pollutants are greatly reduced under the recommended system design.

scholarly journals Remanufacturing end-of-life passenger car waste sheet steel into mesh sheet: A sustainability assessment

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. e0258399
Author(s):  
Ziyad Tariq Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
End Of Life ◽  
Steel Sheet ◽  
Sustainability Assessment ◽  
Sheet Steel ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Sustainability Index ◽  
Metal Products ◽  
Index Curve ◽  
Statistical Indicators

This study analysed the business sustainability of remanufacturing waste steel sheet from the shells of end-of-life vehicles into mesh steel sheet for manufacturing sheet-metal products. Hybrid statistical, fuzzy, and overall sustainability-index curve-fitting models were used to analyse the technical, economic, environmental, management, and social feasibility of remanufacturing, where the sales price, eco-cost savings, and CO2 emission reductions were used as typical statistical indicators. The remanufacturing process was optimised to allocate hardware for a plant recovering 480 m2/shift of waste sheet steel and producing 2851–5520 m2/shift of mesh sheet steel. Six scenarios were used to model the sustainability parameters to normalise the sustainability index values. The sustainability index of each parameter was calculated by multiplying its weight of importance by its weight of satisfaction. The highest sustainability index of 0.95 was calculated for the economic feasibility index, while the lowest sustainability index of 0.4 was calculated for the management feasibility. Remanufacturing of waste sheet steel into mesh sheet steel can be applied with an estimated overall sustainability index of 0.88.

scholarly journals Strategies to Improve the Energy Performance of Buildings: A Review of Their Life Cycle Impact

Buildings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia MIRABELLA ◽  
Martin RÖCK ◽  
Marcella Ruschi Mendes SAADE ◽  
Carolin SPIRINCKX ◽  
Marc BOSMANS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Embodied Energy ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Operational Energy

Globally, the building sector is responsible for more than 40% of energy use and it contributes approximately 30% of the global Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions. This high contribution stimulates research and policies to reduce the operational energy use and related GHG emissions of buildings. However, the environmental impacts of buildings can extend wide beyond the operational phase, and the portion of impacts related to the embodied energy of the building becomes relatively more important in low energy buildings. Therefore, the goal of the research is gaining insights into the environmental impacts of various building strategies for energy efficiency requirements compared to the life cycle environmental impacts of the whole building. The goal is to detect and investigate existing trade-offs in current approaches and solutions proposed by the research community. A literature review is driven by six fundamental and specific research questions (RQs), and performed based on two main tasks: (i) selection of literature studies, and (ii) critical analysis of the selected studies in line with the RQs. A final sample of 59 papers and 178 case studies has been collected, and key criteria are systematically analysed in a matrix. The study reveals that the high heterogeneity of the case studies makes it difficult to compare these in a straightforward way, but it allows to provide an overview of current methodological challenges and research gaps. Furthermore, the most complete studies provide valuable insights in the environmental benefits of the identified energy performance strategies over the building life cycle, but also shows the risk of burden shifting if only operational energy use is focused on, or when a limited number of environmental impact categories are assessed.

Martensitic Automotive Steel Sheet - Fundamentals and Metallurgical Optimization Strategies

2014 ◽  
Vol 1063 ◽  
pp. 130-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hardy Mohrbacher
Keyword(s):  
Steel Sheet ◽  
Hot Stamping ◽  
Sheet Steel ◽  
Boundary Segregation ◽  
Alloying Elements ◽  
Processing Route ◽  
Martensitic Steels ◽  
Austenite Grain Size ◽  
Cold Forming ◽  
Delayed Cracking

Martensitic sheet steel is increasingly being used in advanced car body construction, especially in areas where high crash loads are expected. Using such steels appropriately the weight of individual components can be reduced by up to 20 percent. Martensitic steel sheet is commercially available in the strength range of 1200 to 1900 MPa, either as cold forming or hot stamping grade. Whereas the strength of such martensitic steels is practically only a function of the carbon content, other properties such as ductility, toughness, bendability and delayed cracking resistance are severely influenced by other alloying elements and the particular thermal processing route. The paper discusses the influence of various key-alloying elements such as Nb, Mo and B on these properties and suggests routes to optimize the steel’s behavior with respect to the manufacturing and application related aspects.Keywords Martensite, prior austenite grain size, delayed cracking, grain boundary segregation, hydrogen trapping, niobium, molybdenum

Analysis and Countermeasure to the Present Status of End-of-Life Vehicles Recycling and Disassembling in Jiangsu Province

2012 ◽  
Vol 610-613 ◽  
pp. 2319-2322
Author(s):  
Fu Shan Zuo ◽  
Xiao Tao Fei ◽  
Yong Jun Min ◽  
Zheng Xiang Qiu ◽  
Mao Song Wan
Keyword(s):  
End Of Life ◽  
Automobile Industry ◽  
Present Status ◽  
Management System ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Basic Element ◽  
Jiangsu Province ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
The Sustainable Development

As the enhancement of the economic level in our country, the quantity of motor vehicles and the end-of-life vehicles grows fast. The recycling of the end-of-life vehicle is the basic element for the sustainable development in automobile industry. At the same time, the disassembling of the end-of-life vehicle is an important link in the development of the automobile recycle economy and also an important mean to the resource recycling. So, a scientific and rational management system in vehicle disassembling can have a positive effect in building a resource conservation and environment friendly society. At present, many problems in motor vehicle recycling and disassembling have already restricted the development of the industry. Through the investigation of the present status of the end-of-life vehicle recycling and disassembling enterprise in Jiangsu province, the reason of those problems is analyzed, the method to solve those problems is discussed and put forward, and a new management system in motor vehicle recycling and disassembling is built. The research can provide instruction meaning and reference value to all the end-of-life vehicle recycling and disassembling enterprises.

Reuse of carbon black from end-of-life tires in new pneumatic formulations and life-cycle assessment of the thermolysis process

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 740-754
Author(s):  
AD La Rosa ◽  
E Pergolizzi ◽  
D Maragna ◽  
G Recca ◽  
G Cicala
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
End Of Life ◽  
Market Price ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
The Other ◽  
Assessment Methodology ◽  
Life Cycle Assessment Methodology ◽  
Main Attraction

Carbon black derived from end-of-life tires (ELTs) through thermolysis process was studied. The main attraction of this material is the low market price (€450 ton−1) compared with virgin carbon black (about €700 ton−1). Investigation was focused on the vulcanization reaction of rubber with the addition of both types of carbon black, that is, carbon black recycled (CBr) from the thermolysis of ELTs and carbon black virgin (CBv) from traditional oil process. The aim of the research was to verify that CBr has similar reactivity than CBv when blended with rubber and vulcanized. Furthermore, environmental benefits of recovering CBr and the other coproducts were evaluated by means of the life-cycle assessment methodology.

scholarly journals Impact of Electric Vehicle Charging Strategy on the Long-Term Planning of an Isolated Microgrid

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 3455
Author(s):  
Jean-Michel Clairand ◽  
Carlos Álvarez-Bel ◽  
Javier Rodríguez-García ◽  
Guillermo Escrivá-Escrivá
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Electric Vehicle Charging ◽  
Power Generation Planning ◽  
Smart Charging ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ev Charging ◽  
Charging Strategy

Isolated microgrids, such as islands, rely on fossil fuels for electricity generation and include vehicle fleets, which poses significant environmental challenges. To address this, distributed energy resources based on renewable energy and electric vehicles (EVs) have been deployed in several places. However, they present operational and planning concerns. Hence, the aim of this paper is to propose a two-level microgrid problem. The first problem considers an EV charging strategy that minimizes charging costs and maximizes the renewable energy use. The second level evaluates the impact of this charging strategy on the power generation planning of Santa Cruz Island, Galapagos, Ecuador. This planning model is simulated in HOMER Energy. The results demonstrate the economic and environmental benefits of investing in additional photovoltaic (PV) generation and in the EV charging strategy. Investing in PV and smart charging for EVs could reduce the N P C by 13.58%, but a reduction in the N P C of the EV charging strategy would result in up to 3.12%.

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