scholarly journals Clinician Optimism: Development and Psychometric Analysis of a Scale for Mental Health Clinicians

2006 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitchell K. Byrne ◽  
Nichole L. Sullivan ◽  
Stephen J. Elsom
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Psychometric Validation ◽  
Outcome Expectancy ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Mental Health Clinicians ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
Acceptable Reliability ◽  
Health Clinician

AbstractClinician optimism is an important factor in achieving treatment outcomes in counselling contexts. Currently, there are no measures of mental health clinician optimism which report substantial psychometric validation. This study sought to assesses the validity and reliability of the Therapeutic Optimism Scale (TOS). 223 mental health clinicians working in a range of clinical settings were administered the TOS and convergent and discriminate validity were established. Test–retest reliability was established over a period of 1 month. The TOS was found to achieve acceptable reliability (Cronbach's α = .68) and yielded consistent scores over a one month period (r = .68, p < .01). Factor analyses revealed a 3-factor solution reflecting (1) General Treatment Outcome Expectancy, (2) Personal Treatment Outcome Expectancy, and (3) Pessimism. These findings support the utility of the TOS for research purposes, but further revision is recommended to enhance the reliability of the scale.

Violence Risk Assessment

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L. Piel ◽  
Ronald Schouten
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Violence Risk ◽  
Mental Health Clinicians ◽  
The Public ◽  
Core Skill ◽  
Health Practitioners ◽  
Violent Acts ◽  
Single Standard

The problem of violence in our society has received increasing attention from the public and mental health professions in recent years, and assessing the risk of violence has become a core skill for mental health clinicians and forensic specialists alike. In fact, mental health practitioners in all clinical settings are tasked with assessing and managing their patients’ risk of violence. Although research on the nature of violence and factors that increase the likelihood that a person will commit violent acts has grown in the past several decades, there is no single standard protocol or tool for assessing the risk of violence. This chapter reviews the key risk factors for violence that are supported by research, examines the relationship between mental disorders and violence, and describes approaches that mental health professionals can use to assess the risk of violence.

The Royal Free Interview for Religious and Spiritual Beliefs: development and standardization

1995 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 1125-1134 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. King ◽  
P. Speck ◽  
A. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
General Practice ◽  
Inner City ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Acute Illness ◽  
Social Setting ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Spiritual Beliefs ◽  
Philosophical Beliefs ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
Acceptable Reliability

SynopsisWe present the development and standardization of a measure of spiritual, religious and philosophical beliefs. An interview was constructed based on on-going studies by the authors of the nature and strength of belief held by people hospitalized with an acute illness. The interview was tested with three standard populations–staff of a teaching hospital; attenders to an inner city general practice; and people with clearly defined, devout religious beliefs–in order to establish population norms, validity and reliability for each question. The interview performed well with satisfactory validity and high internal and test–retest reliability. It is not presented, however, as a final product which will meet all needs in this complicated area of study. Rather, we have attempted to refine a measure of spiritual and religious belief that might apply to people with a range of personal and public faiths. It is clear that people are able to express these aspects of their lives in a way that can be measured with acceptable reliability and validity. We believe that this interview could, therefore, be applied in any medical, psychological or social setting in which a measure of belief is sought.

Validation of the Italian version of the self report Insight Scale

2003 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Roncone ◽  
Carola Tozzini ◽  
Monica Mazza ◽  
Alessandro De Risio ◽  
Patricia Giosuè ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Concurrent Validity ◽  
Predictive Power ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Italian Version ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
Acute Patients ◽  
Mental Health Institute ◽  
Instrument Sensitivity

SUMMARYAims – To evaluate the psychometric properties of the Italian version of the Insight Scale (IS), self-report questionnaire assessing the awareness of psychiatric illness. The instrument contains two forms, the first A that enquires about the present status, and the second B that concerns past episodes of illness. Method – Factorial structure, internal consistency and concurrent validity (towards three selected items of the 24-item BPRS, Unusual thought content”, Conceptual disorganisation and Uncooperativeness) were studied on 80 chronic subjects affected by schizophrenia. Differences between acute and stabilised patients were investigated. Test-retest reliability was assessed in a sub-sample of 22 stable cases. Results – The Italian IS showed satisfactory concurrent validity and reliability. Acute patients had lower scores than stabilised ones. Factorial analysis brought to the distinction between insight for need for care in the present and in the past, which seems both plausible and clinically-useful. Conclusion æ The use of the IS Italian version may be encouraged as a valid insight self–report instrument. Sensitivity to change and predictive power concerning clinical and social outcome and adherence to treatment should be investigated.Declaration of Interest: the study was supported by the National Project Mental Health, Mental Health Institute, Rome, Italy.

Redemptive Validity and the Assessment of Depression: Singing Songs to Heavy Hearts

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 188-198
Author(s):  
Stephen P. Greggo ◽  
Karyn Lawrence
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Spiritual Formation ◽  
Emotional State ◽  
Assessment Instrument ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Mental Health Clinicians ◽  
Mental Health Needs ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Insight Into

This investigation into the clinical utility of six contemporary depression instruments establishes a foundation for a theologically informed validity subtype. Redemptive validity is defined as the effectiveness of an assessment instrument that samples behavior or attitudes to provide insight into wise living in conformity with the reality and truth of Scripture as creatures growing in dependence on the Creator. Ancient biblical wisdom argues that helping those with heavy hearts requires compassion, understanding, reflective words, and effective strategies (Prov. 25:20). Clinical settings can assess for depression using technology in as little as 74 seconds with remarkable criterion validity. Do such findings reflect Christian values and worldview? Will results sharpen perception of the faith aspects of a heavy heart in a manner consistent with Scriptural teaching? Depression symptoms may indicate spiritual heart health as a downcast emotional state connected to religious affections (Prov. 13:12). Building upon standard psychometric review, this utility survey displays how mental health clinicians can explore measures through the theological notion of redemptive validity to serve both the mental health needs and spiritual formation interests of clients committed to growth in their Christian lives.

scholarly journals Validity and Reliability of the Bahasa Melayu Version of the Migraine Disability Assessment Questionnaire

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Munvar Miya Shaik ◽  
Norul Badriah Hassan ◽  
Huay Lin Tan ◽  
Shalini Bhaskar ◽  
Siew Hua Gan
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Disability Assessment ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
English Version ◽  
Neurology Clinic ◽  
Back Translation ◽  
Midas Questionnaire ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
Clinic Hospital ◽  
Assessment Questionnaire

Background. The study was designed to determine the validity and reliability of the Bahasa Melayu version (MIDAS-M) of the Migraine Disability Assessment (MIDAS) questionnaire.Methods. Patients having migraine for more than six months attending the Neurology Clinic, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia, were recruited. Standard forward and back translation procedures were used to translate and adapt the MIDAS questionnaire to produce the Bahasa Melayu version. The translated Malay version was tested for face and content validity. Validity and reliability testing were further conducted with 100 migraine patients (1st administration) followed by a retesting session 21 days later (2nd administration).Results. A total of 100 patients between 15 and 60 years of age were recruited. The majority of the patients were single (66%) and students (46%). Cronbach’s alpha values were 0.84 (1st administration) and 0.80 (2nd administration). The test-retest reliability for the total MIDAS score was 0.73, indicating that the MIDAS-M questionnaire is stable; for the five disability questions, the test-retest values ranged from 0.77 to 0.87.Conclusion. The MIDAS-M questionnaire is comparable with the original English version in terms of validity and reliability and may be used for the assessment of migraine in clinical settings.

scholarly journals General practitioners’ perspectives on barriers to depression care: development and validation of a questionnaire

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arun Senchyna ◽  
Milena Abbiati ◽  
Juliette Chambe ◽  
Dagmar Haller ◽  
Hubert Maisonneuve
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
General Practitioners ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Depression Care ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Improvement Strategy ◽  
Quality Improvement Strategy ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Abstract Background General practitioners (GPs) regularly feel challenged by the care of depressed patients and may encounter several barriers in providing best management. GPs’ perspectives on barriers to depression care are a subject of growing interest but there is a lack of validated assessment tools. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a questionnaire assessing barriers to depression care (BDC-Q) encountered by GPs in France and the French-speaking part of Switzerland.Methods The BDC-Q was constructed in five steps: Item development, content validation, pretesting, testing phase and test-retest reliability. The questionnaire items were generated through a literature search. An expert panel of GPs (n=16) and psychiatrists (n=3) validated the content and 20 GPs pretested the questionnaire to provide response process validity evidence. We then tested the questionnaire among 116 GPs and used principal component analysis and internal consistency testing (Cronbach’s alpha) to structure it into consistent dimensions. Test-retest reliability using Pearson correlation coefficient was assessed with 30 GPs who completed the questionnaire twice after an interval of at least 2 weeks.Results The 25 items BDC-Q was structured in five dimensions: (i) provision of care by the general practitioner, (ii) patient and perspectives about depression, (iii) guidance for care, (iv) collaboration with mental health specialists and (v) access to mental health care.Conclusions The BDC-Q displays evidence of validity and reliability to meaningfully assess GPs’ perspectives on barriers to depression care. It can be used both at a practice level within a quality improvement strategy, and at a broader level, to inform health planners and tailor appropriate strategies to improve depression care in the community.

Validity and Reliability of the Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly (IQCODE)

GeroPsych ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 145-151
Author(s):  
Mahshid Foroughan ◽  
Zahra Jafari ◽  
Ida Ghaemmagham Farahani ◽  
Vahid Rashedi
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cognitive State ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Internal Reliability ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
Farsi Version

Abstract. This study examines the psychometric properties of the IQCODE and its applicability in the Iranian elderly population. A group of 95 elderly patients with at least 4 years of formal education who fulfilled the criteria of DSM-IV-TR for dementia were examined by the MMSE and the AMTs. The Farsi version of the IQCODE was subsequently administered to their primary caregivers. Results showed a significant correlation ( p = .01) between the score of the questionnaire and the results of the MMSE ( r = −0.647) and AMTs ( r = −0.641). A high internal reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed by Cronbach’s alpha coefficient (α = 0.927) and test-retest reliability by correlation coefficient ( r = 0.81). This study found that the IQCODE has acceptable psychometric properties and can be used for evaluating the cognitive state in the elderly population of Iran.

The Latin Square Task as a Measure of Relational Reasoning

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 296-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luke J. Hearne ◽  
Damian P. Birney ◽  
Luca Cocchi ◽  
Jason B. Mattingley
Keyword(s):  
Brain Imaging ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Error Rates ◽  
Functional Brain Imaging ◽  
Inspection Time ◽  
Relational Reasoning ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Abstract. The Latin Square Task (LST) is a relational reasoning paradigm developed by Birney, Halford, and Andrews (2006) . Previous work has shown that the LST elicits typical reasoning complexity effects, such that increases in complexity are associated with decrements in task accuracy and increases in response times. Here we modified the LST for use in functional brain imaging experiments, in which presentation durations must be strictly controlled, and assessed its validity and reliability. Modifications included presenting the components within each trial serially, such that the reasoning and response periods were separated. In addition, the inspection time for each LST problem was constrained to five seconds. We replicated previous findings of higher error rates and slower response times with increasing relational complexity and observed relatively large effect sizes (η2p > 0.70, r > .50). Moreover, measures of internal consistency and test-retest reliability confirmed the stability of the LST within and across separate testing sessions. Interestingly, we found that limiting the inspection time for individual problems in the LST had little effect on accuracy relative to the unconstrained times used in previous work, a finding that is important for future brain imaging experiments aimed at investigating the neural correlates of relational reasoning.

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