Cardiovascular Risk Factors in the Elderly

The objective of this chapter is to identify cardiovascular risk factors in the elderly and their prevalence in the elderly population of Alentejo. The research question was elaborated according to the PI[C]OD methodology. The prevalence studies included allow the authors to identify the risk factors with the greatest impact on cardiovascular diseases, with the analysis of at least one of the factors (hypertension, diabetes, smoking, obesity, hypercholesterolemia, alcoholism, and sedentary lifestyle) and their prevalence in the elderly from the region of Alentejo. The results present the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors, mainly at the national level, compared to those at the regional level, with a small number of exclusive studies in the Alentejo region, while simultaneously disaggregating the results by age group. From the data obtained, it can be concluded that the prevalence of risk factors is generally increased in the elderly population and, consequently, in Alentejo, because it is a region in the interior of the country that is predominantly rural and very old.

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P0017 WHICH IS THE KNOWLEDGE OF CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS IN THE ELDERLY WITH ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION?

European Journal of Internal Medicine ◽

10.1016/s0953-6205(09)60037-6 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 20 ◽

pp. S14

Author(s):

Juan Marti ◽

Iñaki Novo ◽

Karmele Ayerdi

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Arterial Hypertension ◽

Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽

The Elderly

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Role of Gender and Physical Activity Level on Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in the Elderly

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity ◽

10.1155/2020/1315471 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Antoine Raberin ◽

Philippe Connes ◽

Jean-Claude Barthélémy ◽

Pia Robert ◽

Sébastien Celle ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Physical Activity ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽

The Elderly ◽

Activity Level ◽

Advanced Oxidation Protein Products ◽

The Impact

Background. Cardiovascular diseases remain as the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in industrialized countries. Ageing and gender strongly modulate the risk to develop cardiovascular diseases but very few studies have investigated the impact of gender on cardiovascular diseases in the elderly, which represents a growing population. The purpose of this study was to test the impact of gender and physical activity level on several biochemical and clinical markers of cardiovascular risk in elderly individuals. Methods. Elderly individuals (318 women (75.8±1.2 years-old) and 227 men (75.8±1.1 years-old)) were recruited. Physical activity was measured by a questionnaire. Metabolic syndrome was defined using the National Cholesterol Education Program Expert Panel’s definition. Polysomnography and digital tonometry were used to detect obstructive sleep apnea and assess vascular reactivity, respectively. Blood was sampled to measure several oxidative stress markers and adhesion molecules. Results. The frequency of cardiovascular diseases was significantly higher in men (16.4%) than in women (6.1%) (p<0.001). Body mass index (25.0±4.3 vs. 25.8±3.13 kg.m−2) and glycaemia (94.9±16.5 vs. 101.5±22.6 mg.dL−1) were lower, and High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) (74.6±17.8 vs. 65.0±17.2 mg.dL−1) was higher in women compared to men (p<0.05). Oxidative stress was lower in women than in men (uric acid: 52.05±13.78 vs. 59.84±13.58, advanced oxidation protein products: 223±94 vs. 246±101 μmol.L−1, malondialdehyde: 22.44±6.81 vs. 23.88±9.74 nmol.L−1). Physical activity was not associated with lower cardiovascular risk factors in both genders. Multivariate analyses showed an independent effect of gender on acid uric (β=0.182; p=0.020), advanced oxidation protein products (β=0.257; p<0.001), and HDL concentration (β=−0.182; p=0.026). Conclusion. These findings suggest that biochemical cardiovascular risk factors are lower in women than men which could explain the lower cardiovascular disease proportion observed in women in the elderly.

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Prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors among elderly Brazilians over eighty with ischemic stroke

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria ◽

10.1590/s0004-282x2008000400002 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 66 (3a) ◽

pp. 454-457 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Alexandre Pieri ◽

Mariana Spitz ◽

Tania Oliveira Lopes ◽

Claudia Garcia de Barros ◽

Marcelo Wood Faulhaber ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Atrial Fibrillation ◽

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽

Oldest Old ◽

The Elderly ◽

Catastrophic Event ◽

Cardiovascular Involvement ◽

Definition Of

INTRODUCTION: An ischemic stroke is usually a catastrophic event, mostly in the elderly. Cardiovascular involvement is the leading cause of ischemic stroke in this age population and hence the knowledge about its risk factors is important for the definition of specific policies of prevention. PURPOSE: To evaluate the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in patients with age equal to or above 80 in a hospital population with ischemic stroke. METHOD: Retrospective study of consecutive patients diagnosed with ischemic stroke admitted to a tertiary health facility. RESULTS: From September 2004 to March 2006, 215 patients were studied. There was a female preponderance (p<0.01). Among patients over eighty, 72% had hypertension and atrial fibrillation was more common among the oldest old (p<0.01). CONCLUSION: Hypertension and atrial fibrillation should be treated aggressively in the elderly. Anticoagulants should be considered more often in these patients.

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Population-based cardiovascular risk factors in the elderly in Turkey: a cross-sectional survey

Open Medicine ◽

10.2478/s11536-007-0058-7 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 173-178 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Adem Ozkara ◽

Faruk Turgut ◽

Mehmet Kanbay ◽

Yusuf Selcoki ◽

Ali Akcay

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽

Past History ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

The Elderly ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Important Public Health Problem ◽

Cross Sectional

AbstractHypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidaemia, obesity and smoking are known to be the most important modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Because the elderly population has been increasing globally, CVD may become a more important public health problem in the future. This report examines the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in the elderly in Ankara, Turkey. This was a cross-sectional survey and included a total of 2720 individuals living in the Ankara district. Trained research staff administered a standard questionnaire in the participants’ homes and worksites. The questionnaire collected information on clinical and demographic characteristics and a self-reported medical history, including past history of hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, coronary artery disease, coronary artery by-pass graft operation, and cerebrovascular accident. The mean age of the study participants was 69.5 ± 7.2 years. The study identified 1298 women (78.1%) and 753 men (71.2%) with hypertension, and the overall prevalence of hypertension was 75.4%. A total of 739 (27.2%) people had diabetes mellitus, and, of these people, 603 (81.6%) were hypertensive. A total of 1361 people had hyperlipidemia, and 1103 of these patients were also hypertensive. The overall prevalence of obesity was 27.2%. A total of 553 (20.3%) people were smokers. Our findings indicate that cardiovascular risk factors are very common in the elderly. To maximize risk reduction, physicians must take aggressive measures to decrease cardiovascular risk factors.

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