Kinetic effect of the taping on the ankle during a change of direction in basketball players

The main aim of the present study was to compare the effects of flywheel strength training and traditional strength training on fitness attributes. Thirty-six well trained junior basketball players (n = 36; 17.58 ± 0.50 years) were recruited and randomly allocated into: Flywheel group (FST; n = 12), traditional strength training group (TST; n = 12) and control group (CON; n = 12). All groups attended 5 basketball practices and one official match a week during the study period. Experimental groups additionally participated in the eight-week, 1–2 d/w equivolume intervention conducted using a flywheel device (inertia = 0.075 kg·m−2) for FST or free weights (80%1 RM) for TST. Pre-to post changes in lower limb isometric strength (ISOMET), 5 and 20 m sprint time (SPR5m and SPR20m), countermovement jump height (CMJ) and change of direction ability (t-test) were assessed with analyses of variance (3 × 2 ANOVA). Significant group-by-time interaction was found for ISOMET (F = 6.40; p = 0.000), CMJ (F = 7.45; p = 0.001), SPR5m (F = 7.45; p = 0.010) and T test (F = 10.46; p = 0.000). The results showed a significantly higher improvement in CMJ (p = 0.006; 11.7% vs. 6.8%), SPR5m (p = 0.001; 10.3% vs. 5.9%) and t-test (p = 0.045; 2.4% vs. 1.5%) for FST compared to the TST group. Simultaneously, th FST group had higher improvement in ISOMET (p = 0.014; 18.7% vs. 2.9%), CMJ (p = 0.000; 11.7% vs. 0.3%), SPR5m (p = 0.000; 10.3% vs. 3.4%) and t-test (p = 0.000; 2.4% vs. 0.6%) compared to the CON group. Players from the TST group showed better results in CMJ (p = 0.006; 6.8% vs. 0.3%) and t-test (p = 0.018; 1.5% vs. 0.6%) compared to players from the CON group. No significant group-by-time interaction was found for sprint 20 m (F = 2.52; p = 0.088). Eight weeks of flywheel training (1–2 sessions per week) performed at maximum concentric intensity induces superior improvements in CMJ, 5 m sprint time and change of direction ability than equivolumed traditional weight training in well trained junior basketball players. Accordingly, coaches and trainers could be advised to use flywheel training for developing power related performance attributes in young basketball players.

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Influence of upper-limb muscle strength on the repeated change of direction ability in international-level wheelchair basketball players

Research in Sports Medicine ◽

10.1080/15438627.2021.1888110 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-17

Author(s):

Aitor Iturricastillo ◽

Ibai Garcia-Tabar ◽

Raul Reina ◽

Adrian Garcia-Fresneda ◽

Gerard Carmona ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Muscle Strength ◽

Upper Limb ◽

Limb Muscle ◽

International Level ◽

Wheelchair Basketball ◽

Basketball Players ◽

Change Of Direction

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Relationship between Asymmetries Measured on Different Levels in Elite Basketball Players

Symmetry ◽

10.3390/sym13081436 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (8) ◽

pp. 1436

Author(s):

Filip Ujaković ◽

Nejc Šarabon

Keyword(s):

Return To Play ◽

Basketball Players ◽

Change Of Direction ◽

Vertical Jumping ◽

Hip Abduction ◽

Golden Standard ◽

Comprehensive Picture ◽

Skill Change ◽

Different Levels ◽

Complex Movement

In this study, we investigated the association of magnitude and agreement in direction between asymmetries measured on single-joint (hip and trunk), complex movement (jumping), and skill (change of direction (CoD)) levels. The study sample comprised 43 junior- and senior-level (age = 20.5 ± 6.0 years; height = 194.5 ± 7.2 cm; body mass = 86.8 ± 10.1 kg) elite male basketball players. Both limbs/sides were tested in hip and trunk isometric strength; passive range of motion (RoM); unilateral, horizontal, and vertical jumping; and CoD tests, from which asymmetry indexes were calculated. The associations between asymmetry magnitudes were calculated with Spearman’s ρ correlation coefficient. The agreement between the direction of asymmetries on different levels was calculated with Cohen’’s Kappa (κ) coefficient. The average magnitude of asymmetry varied substantially (2.9–40.3%). Most associations between asymmetry magnitudes measured on different levels were small and statistically non-significant, with a few exceptions of moderate and large associations. Asymmetry in single-leg countermovement jump parameters was strongly associated with hip abduction maximal strength (ρ = 0.58 and 0.50, p < 0.01). Agreement between asymmetry directions was slight to fair, with a few moderate exceptions. Results indicate that multiple tests are needed to obtain a comprehensive picture of athletes’ asymmetries and that universal thresholds and golden standard tests for return to play should be reconsidered and reinvestigated.

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The relationship between lower limb maximal and explosive strength and change of direction ability: Comparison of basketball and tennis players, and long-distance runners

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0256347 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (8) ◽

pp. e0256347

Author(s):

Žiga Kozinc ◽

Darjan Smajla ◽

Nejc Šarabon

Keyword(s):

Muscle Strength ◽

Lower Limb ◽

Trunk Muscles ◽

Distance Runners ◽

Long Distance ◽

Basketball Players ◽

Tennis Players ◽

Change Of Direction ◽

Explosive Strength ◽

The Relationship

Change-of-direction (CoD) ability is an important determinant of athletic performance. Muscle strength is among the most important determinants of CoD ability. However, previous studies investigating the relationship between CoD ability and muscle strength focused mostly on flexor and extensor muscle groups, or used multi-joint exercises, such as jumps, squats or mid-thigh pull. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between CoD ability and strength of ankle, knee, hip and trunk maximal and explosive strength. The participants (n = 327), consisting of male and female basketball players, tennis players and long-distance runners completed isometric strength assessments and CoD testing (90° and 180° turn tests). The times of both CoD tests were associated with muscle strength (peak torques and the rate of torque development variables), with correlation coefficients being mostly weak to moderate (r = 0.2–0.6). Strength variables explained 33%, 62% and 48% of the variance in the 90° turn task, and 42%, 36% and 59% of the variance in the 180° turn task, in basketball players, long-distance runners and tennis players, respectively. Hip and trunk muscle strength variables were the most prevalent in the regression models, especially hip adduction and abduction strength. Our results suggest that the strength of several lower limb muscles, in particular of the hip abductors and adductors, and trunk muscles, but also hip rotators, extensors and flexors, as well as knee and ankle flexors and extensors should be considered when aiming to improve CoD performance.

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Repeated Sprint Ability in Young Basketball Players: Multi-direction vs. One-Change of Direction (Part 1)

Frontiers in Physiology ◽

10.3389/fphys.2016.00133 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Johnny Padulo ◽

Nicola L. Bragazzi ◽

Pantelis T. Nikolaidis ◽

Antonio Dello Iacono ◽

Giuseppe Attene ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Basketball Players ◽

Change Of Direction ◽

Repeated Sprint Ability ◽

Repeated Sprint ◽

Sprint Ability

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The Effects of Frontal- and Sagittal-Plane Plyometrics on Change-of-Direction Speed and Power in Adolescent Female Basketball Players

International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance ◽

10.1123/ijspp.2015-0058 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 102-107 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Brian T. McCormick ◽

James C. Hannon ◽

Maria Newton ◽

Barry Shultz ◽

Nicole Detling ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Training Program ◽

Interaction Effect ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Sagittal Plane ◽

Plyometric Training ◽

Basketball Players ◽

Significant Interaction Effect ◽

Significant Group ◽

Change Of Direction ◽

Improved Performance

Plyometrics is a popular training modality for basketball players to improve power and change-of-direction speed. Most plyometric training has used sagittal-plane exercises, but improvements in change-of-direction speed have been greater in multidirection programs.Purpose:To determine the benefits of a 6-wk frontal-plane plyometric (FPP) training program compared with a 6-wk sagittal-plane plyometric (SPP) training program with regard to power and change-of-direction speed.Methods:Fourteen female varsity high school basketball players participated in the study. Multiple 2 × 2 repeated-measures ANOVAs were used to determine differences for the FPP and SPP groups from preintervention to postintervention on 4 tests of power and 2 tests of change-of-direction speed.Results:There was a group main effect for time in all 6 tests. There was a significant group × time interaction effect in 3 of the 6 tests. The SPP improved performance of the countermovement vertical jump more than the FPP, whereas the FPP improved performance of the lateral hop (left) and lateral-shuffle test (left) more than the SPP. The standing long jump, lateral hop (right), and lateral-shuffle test (right) did not show a significant interaction effect.Conclusions:These results suggest that basketball players should incorporate plyometric training in all planes to improve power and change-of-direction speed.

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Effects of Plyometric, Strength and Change of Direction Training on High-School Basketball Player’s Physical Fitness

Journal of Human Kinetics ◽

10.2478/hukin-2021-0036 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 78 (1) ◽

pp. 175-186

Author(s):

Eduardo Sáez de Villarreal ◽

Jose Galán Molina ◽

Guillermo de Castro-Maqueda ◽

José V. Gutiérrez-Manzanedo

Keyword(s):

High School ◽

Physical Fitness ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Control Group ◽

Basketball Players ◽

Change Of Direction ◽

Before And After ◽

Group 2 ◽

Post Hoc ◽

And Control

Abstract The study aim was to compare the effects of a 7-week plyometric, strength and change of direction (COD) training program on basketball-specific performance measures in high-school players. Forty male players were randomly assigned to one of the four groups: plyometric (PG, n = 10), strength (SG, n = 10), COD (CODG, n = 10), and control group training (CG, n = 10). Two training sessions were performed at weekly intervals before basketball training. Performance of the counter movement jump (CMJ), Abalakov jump (ABKJ), 10 m zig-zag sprint, 20 m in line sprint (measurements at 10 and 20 m), and sit and reach flexibility test (SRFT) was assessed before and after the intervention. A 4 (group) × 2 (time) repeated measures analysis of variances (ANOVA) was conducted for each variable. Bonferroni post-hoc tests were used when the interaction was significant. Significant (all p < 0.05) time x group interaction was noted for SRFT, CMJ, ABK, sprint, and zig-zag 10 m, in favor of the experimental groups compared to the control group. However, improvements in physical fitness were similar between the three experimental groups. In conclusion, 7 weeks of specific plyometric, strength and COD training produced similar medium to large improvements in physical fitness of high-school basketball players.

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Decisive Factors for a Greater Performance in the Change of Direction and Its Angulation in Male Basketball Players

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17186598 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (18) ◽

pp. 6598

Author(s):

Francisco J. Barrera-Domínguez ◽

Bartolomé J. Almagro ◽

Inmaculada Tornero-Quiñones ◽

Jesús Sáez-Padilla ◽

Ángela Sierra-Robles ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Total Sample ◽

Sport Performance ◽

Vertical Force ◽

Basketball Players ◽

Functional Movement ◽

Performance Variables ◽

Change Of Direction ◽

Force Velocity ◽

The Relationship ◽

Age Category

A study was made to initially evaluate whether the age category directly could influence anthropometric measurements, functional movement tests, linear sprint (30 m) and strength. Moreover, and as the main purpose, this study aimed to examine the relationship between the time execution and angles in different changes of direction (COD) test with the analyzed sport performance variables. A total sample of 23 basketball players (age: 17.5 ± 2.42 years; height: 184.6 ± 6.68 cm; body weight: 78.09 ± 11.9 kg). Between-groups’ comparison explored the differences between basketball categories (Junior, n = 12; Senior, n = 11). The COD variables were divided by the time execution into low responders (LR) and high responders (HR) to establish comparisons between groups related to COD time execution. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to establish correlations between different CODs and sport performance variables. The results showed a greater influence of age category upon COD performance, especially when the cutting angle was sharper (7.05% [Confidence limits (CL) 90%: 2.33; 11.99]; Quantitative chances (QC) 0/2/98), in which athletes need greater application of strength. Moreover, the sharper the angle or the larger the number of cuts made, the greater the relationship with the vertical force–velocity profile (−42.39 [CL 90%: −57.37; −22.16]; QC 100/0/0%). Thus, the usefulness of the f–v profile to implement training programs that optimize the f–v imbalance and the improvement of the COD performance in basketball players is suggested.

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Velocity and Power–Load Association of Bench-Press Exercise in Wheelchair Basketball Players and their Relationships With Field-Test Performance

International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance ◽

10.1123/ijspp.2018-0123 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 14 (7) ◽

pp. 880-886 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Aitor Iturricastillo ◽

Cristina Granados ◽

Raúl Reina ◽

José Manuel Sarabia ◽

Ander Romarate ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Inverse Relationship ◽

Bench Press ◽

Wheelchair Basketball ◽

Basketball Players ◽

Ability Test ◽

Change Of Direction ◽

Repeated Sprint Ability ◽

Repeated Sprint ◽

The Relationship ◽

Sprint Ability

Purpose: To analyze the relationship between mean propulsive velocity (MPV) of the bar and relative load (percentage of the 1-repetition maximum [%1RM]) in the bench-press (BP) exercise and to determine the relationship of power variables (ie, mean concentric power [MP], mean propulsive power [MPP], and peak power [PP]) in change-of-direction ability, linear sprint, and repeated-sprint ability. Methods: A total of 9 Spanish First Division wheelchair basketball players participated in the study. All participants performed an isoinertial BP test in free execution mode, a 505 change-of-direction ability test, linear sprint test (20 m), and repeated-sprint ability test. Results: A nearly perfect and inverse relationship was observed for the BP exercise between the %1RM and MPV (r = −.97, R2 = .945, P < .001). The maximum loads for MP, MPP, and PP were obtained between 48.1% and 59.4% of the 1RM. However, no significant correlations were observed between strength and wheelchair performance. Conclusions: Wheelchair basketball players with different functional impairments showed a nearly perfect and inverse relationship for the BP exercise between the %1RM and MPV; thus the MPV could be used to estimate the %1RM. This finding has important practical applications for velocity-based resistance training in that coaches would be able to prescribe and monitor training load. Conversely, the absence of association between BP performance and field tests might be due to other factors such as the wheelchair–user interface, trunk-muscle activity, or propulsion technique, apart from strength variables.

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The Effects of Different Types of Eccentric Overload Training on Strength, Speed, Power and Change of Direction in Female Basketball Players

Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology ◽

10.3390/jfmk5030050 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 50

Author(s):

Joey O Brien ◽

Declan Browne ◽

Des Earls

Keyword(s):

Training Stimulus ◽

Post Intervention ◽

Basketball Players ◽

Squat Jump ◽

Change Of Direction ◽

Back Squat ◽

Counter Movement Jump ◽

Overload Training ◽

Post Hoc ◽

Eccentric Overload

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of two types of eccentric (ECC) overload training on strength, speed, power and change of direction in female basketball players. Twenty amateur basketball players (mean ± SD: age: 23.67 ± 6.05 years; height: 1.73 ± 0.05 m; body mass: 80.28 ± 17.67 kg) participated in a randomized trial. The players performed either flywheel inertial training (FIT) (n = 11) or tempo ECC training (TET) (n = 9) for 4 weeks, performing two sessions weekly. Performance characteristics, one repetition back squat (1RM), counter-movement jump (CMJ), squat jump (SJ), 10-metre sprint (10 m), change of direction (COD) and sit and reach flexibility (S&R) were tested pre and post intervention. Post-hoc testing revealed significant improvements in the FIT group for 1RM (p ≤ 0.001; ES = 0.59), 10 m (p = 0.003; ES = −0.54) and CMJ (p ≤ 0.001; ES = 1.04), while significant improvements were revealed in the TET group for 1RM (p = 0.007; ES = 0.71) and S&R (p ≤ 0.001; ES = 0.58). In conclusion, both FIT and TET groups demonstrated a positive training stimulus for increasing muscular strength. FIT may produce superior adaptions in CMJ and 10-m sprint, while TET may produce superior adaptions in S&R. Neither group achieved increases in either SJ or COD.

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