scholarly journals The Effects of Frontal- and Sagittal-Plane Plyometrics on Change-of-Direction Speed and Power in Adolescent Female Basketball Players

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian T. McCormick ◽  
James C. Hannon ◽  
Maria Newton ◽  
Barry Shultz ◽  
Nicole Detling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Interaction Effect ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Plyometric Training ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Significant Interaction Effect ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Change Of Direction ◽  
Improved Performance

Plyometrics is a popular training modality for basketball players to improve power and change-of-direction speed. Most plyometric training has used sagittal-plane exercises, but improvements in change-of-direction speed have been greater in multidirection programs.Purpose:To determine the benefits of a 6-wk frontal-plane plyometric (FPP) training program compared with a 6-wk sagittal-plane plyometric (SPP) training program with regard to power and change-of-direction speed.Methods:Fourteen female varsity high school basketball players participated in the study. Multiple 2 × 2 repeated-measures ANOVAs were used to determine differences for the FPP and SPP groups from preintervention to postintervention on 4 tests of power and 2 tests of change-of-direction speed.Results:There was a group main effect for time in all 6 tests. There was a significant group × time interaction effect in 3 of the 6 tests. The SPP improved performance of the countermovement vertical jump more than the FPP, whereas the FPP improved performance of the lateral hop (left) and lateral-shuffle test (left) more than the SPP. The standing long jump, lateral hop (right), and lateral-shuffle test (right) did not show a significant interaction effect.Conclusions:These results suggest that basketball players should incorporate plyometric training in all planes to improve power and change-of-direction speed.

Effects of a Combined Upper- and Lower-Limb Plyometric Training Program on High-Intensity Actions in Female U14 Handball Players

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 465-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehrez Hammami ◽  
Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo ◽  
Nawel Gaamouri ◽  
Gaith Aloui ◽  
Roy J. Shephard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Plyometric Training ◽  
Countermovement Jump ◽  
Change Of Direction ◽  
Jump Test ◽  
Body Strength ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Experimental Group

Purpose: To analyze the effects of a 9-week plyometric training program on the sprint times (5, 10, 20, and 30 m), change-of-direction speed (modified T test and modified Illinois test), jumping (squat jump, countermovement jump, countermovement jump with arms, and horizontal 5-jump test), upper-body strength (right and left handgrip, back extensor strength, and medicine ball throw), and balance (Y and stork balance tests) of female handball players. Methods: Athletes were randomly divided into experimental (n = 21; age = 13.5 [0.3] y) and control (n = 20; age = 13.3 [0.3] y) groups. Training exercises and matches were performed together, but the experimental group replaced a part of their normal regimen by biweekly upper- and lower-limb plyometric training. Results: Both groups improved performance, but to a greater extent in the experimental group compared with controls for 20- and 30-m sprint times (Δ% = 9.6, P < .05, d = 0.557 and Δ% = 20.9, P < .001, d = 1.07, respectively), change of direction (T test: P < .01, Δ% = 14.5, d = 0.993 and Illinois test: P < .01, Δ% = 7.9, d = 0.769), vertical and horizontal jumping (P < .05), all measures of upper-limb strength (P < .001), and left-leg stork balance (P < .001, Δ% = 49.9, d = 1.07). Conclusions: A plyometric training program allows female junior handball players to improve important components of their physical performance.

scholarly journals Effects of short-term in-season plyometric training in adolescent female basketball players

2019 ◽  
Vol 106 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Meszler ◽  
M Váczi
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Knee Extensor ◽  
Quadriceps Strength ◽  
Test Time ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Adolescent Female ◽  
Plyometric Training ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Jump Performance

In this study, we tested the hypothesis that, during the regular in-seasonal basketball training, an additional 7-week plyometric training program improves lower extremity strength, balance, agility, and jump performance in adolescent female basketball players. Eighteen female basketball players less than 17 years of age were randomly assigned into an experimental group (plyometric training) and a control group. Both groups underwent the same basketball training program. Pre- and post-training test periods included quadriceps and hamstring strength, balance, jump performance, and agility measurements. Illinois agility test time (p = 0.000) and quadriceps strength (p = 0.035) increased uniformly in the two groups. Significant group by test period interaction was found for countermovement jump (p = 0.007), and countermovement height reduced significantly in the plyometric training group (p = 0.012), while it remained unchanged in controls. No significant change was found for T agility test, balance, hamstring strength or H:Q ratio. This study shows that the training program used in-season did not improve the measured variables, except for knee extensor strength. It is possible that regular basketball trainings and games combined with high-volume plyometric training did not show positive functional effects because of the fatigue caused by incomplete recovery between sessions.

The Effect of Plyometric Training on Peroneal Latency

2010 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 288-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Henry ◽  
Todd McLoda ◽  
Carrie L. Docherty ◽  
John Schrader
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Plyometric Training ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Peroneus Longus ◽  
Longus Muscle ◽  
Custom Made

Context:Peroneal reaction to sudden inversion has been determined to be too slow to overcome the joint motion. A focused plyometric training program may decrease the muscle's reaction time.Objective:To determine the effect of a 6-wk plyometric training program on peroneus longus reaction time.Design:Repeated measures.Setting:University research laboratory.Participants:48 healthy volunteers (age 20.0 ± 1.2 y, height 176.1 ± 16.9 cm, weight 74.5 ± 27.9 kg) from a large Midwestern university. Subjects were randomly assigned to either a training group or a control group.Interventions:Independent variables were group at 2 levels (training and no training) and time at 2 levels (pretest and posttest). The dependent variable was peroneal latency measured with surface electromyography. A custom-made trapdoor device capable of inverting the ankle to 30° was also used. Latency data were obtained from the time the trapdoor dropped until the peroneus longus muscle activated. Peroneal latency was measured before and after the 6-wk training period. The no-training group was instructed to maintain current activities. The training group performed a 6-wk plyometric protocol 3 times weekly. Data were examined with a repeated-measures ANOVA with 1 within-subject factor (time at 2 levels) and 1 between-subjects factor (group at 2 levels). A priori alpha level was set at P < .05.Main Outcome Measures:Pretest and posttest latency measurements (ms) were recorded for the peroneus longus muscle.Results:The study found no significant group-by-time interaction (F1,46 = 0.03, P = .87). In addition, there was no difference between the pretest and posttest values (pretest = 61.76 ± 14.81 ms, posttest = 59.24 ± 12.28 ms; P = .18) and no difference between the training and no-training groups (training group = 59.10 ± 12.18 ms, no-training group = 61.79 ± 15.18 ms; P = .43).Conclusions:Although latency measurements were consistent with previous studies, the plyometric training program did not cause significant change in the peroneus longus reaction time.

scholarly journals Effects of Strength vs. Plyometric Training on Change of Direction Performance in Experienced Soccer Players

Sports ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 144
Author(s):  
Håvard Guldteig Rædergård ◽  
Hallvard Nygaard Falch ◽  
Roland van den Tillaar
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Physical Conditioning ◽  
Plyometric Training ◽  
Change Of Direction ◽  
Approach Distance ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Improved Performance

The purpose of this study was to compare how 6 weeks of strength- vs. plyometric training, which were matched upon direction of motion and workload, influences change of direction (COD) performance. Twenty-one experienced male soccer players (age: 22.2 ± 2.7) were pair-matched into a strength- (n = 10) and a plyometric (n = 11) training group. CODs of 45°, 90°, 135° and 180° performed from either a 4 m or 20 m approach distance were compared before and after intervention. Results showed no significant difference between groups. Significant effects were only found within the plyometric training group (−3.2% to −4.6%) in 90°, 135° and 180° CODs from 4 m and a 180° COD from a 20 m approach distance. Individual changes in COD performances showed that with the 4 m approach at least 55% and 81% of the strength and plyometric training group, respectively, improved COD performance, while with the 20 m approach at least 66% of both groups improved performance. This study showed that the plyometric training program can improve most CODs, with angles over 90°, although this is dependent on the distance approaching the COD. Considering the limited time of implementing physical conditioning, in addition to regular soccer practice in most soccer environments, the current plyometric training program can be advantageous in improving CODs at maximal intensity.

scholarly journals Greater Power but Not Strength Gains Using Flywheel Versus Equivolumed Traditional Strength Training in Junior Basketball Players

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 1181
Author(s):  
Marko D. M. Stojanović ◽  
Mladen Mikić ◽  
Patrik Drid ◽  
Julio Calleja-González ◽  
Nebojša Maksimović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Strength Training ◽  
Training Group ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Sprint Time ◽  
Change Of Direction ◽  
Time Interaction ◽  
And Control

The main aim of the present study was to compare the effects of flywheel strength training and traditional strength training on fitness attributes. Thirty-six well trained junior basketball players (n = 36; 17.58 ± 0.50 years) were recruited and randomly allocated into: Flywheel group (FST; n = 12), traditional strength training group (TST; n = 12) and control group (CON; n = 12). All groups attended 5 basketball practices and one official match a week during the study period. Experimental groups additionally participated in the eight-week, 1–2 d/w equivolume intervention conducted using a flywheel device (inertia = 0.075 kg·m−2) for FST or free weights (80%1 RM) for TST. Pre-to post changes in lower limb isometric strength (ISOMET), 5 and 20 m sprint time (SPR5m and SPR20m), countermovement jump height (CMJ) and change of direction ability (t-test) were assessed with analyses of variance (3 × 2 ANOVA). Significant group-by-time interaction was found for ISOMET (F = 6.40; p = 0.000), CMJ (F = 7.45; p = 0.001), SPR5m (F = 7.45; p = 0.010) and T test (F = 10.46; p = 0.000). The results showed a significantly higher improvement in CMJ (p = 0.006; 11.7% vs. 6.8%), SPR5m (p = 0.001; 10.3% vs. 5.9%) and t-test (p = 0.045; 2.4% vs. 1.5%) for FST compared to the TST group. Simultaneously, th FST group had higher improvement in ISOMET (p = 0.014; 18.7% vs. 2.9%), CMJ (p = 0.000; 11.7% vs. 0.3%), SPR5m (p = 0.000; 10.3% vs. 3.4%) and t-test (p = 0.000; 2.4% vs. 0.6%) compared to the CON group. Players from the TST group showed better results in CMJ (p = 0.006; 6.8% vs. 0.3%) and t-test (p = 0.018; 1.5% vs. 0.6%) compared to players from the CON group. No significant group-by-time interaction was found for sprint 20 m (F = 2.52; p = 0.088). Eight weeks of flywheel training (1–2 sessions per week) performed at maximum concentric intensity induces superior improvements in CMJ, 5 m sprint time and change of direction ability than equivolumed traditional weight training in well trained junior basketball players. Accordingly, coaches and trainers could be advised to use flywheel training for developing power related performance attributes in young basketball players.

scholarly journals Improvement of Physical Performance Following a 6 Week Change-of-Direction Training Program in Elite Youth Soccer Players of Different Maturity Levels

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorsaf Sariati ◽  
Raouf Hammami ◽  
Hassane Zouhal ◽  
Cain C. T. Clark ◽  
Ammar Nebigh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Height Velocity ◽  
Adherence Rate ◽  
Peak Height Velocity ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Youth Soccer ◽  
Change Of Direction

Background: Change-of-direction (CoD) is a necessary physical ability of a field sport and may vary in youth players according to their maturation status.Objectives: The aim of this study is: to compare the effectiveness of a 6-week CoD training intervention on dynamic balance (CS-YBT), horizontal jump (5JT), speed (10 and 30-m linear sprint times), CoD with (15 m-CoD + B) and without (15 m-CoD) the ball, in youth male soccer players at different levels of maturity [pre- and post-peak height velocity (PHV)].Materials and Methods: Thirty elite male youth soccer players aged 10–17 years from the Tunisian first division participated in this study. The players were divided into pre- (G1, n = 15) and post-PHV (G2, n = 15) groups. Both groups completed a similar 6-week training program with two sessions per week of four CoD exercises. All players completed the following tests before and after intervention: CS-YBT; 5 JT; 10, 30, and 15 m-CoD; and 15 m-CoD + B, and data were analyzed using ANCOVA.Results: All 30 players completed the study according to the study design and methodology. Adherence rate was 100% across all groups, and no training or test-related injuries were reported. Pre-PHV and post-PHV groups showed significant amelioration post-intervention for all dependent variables (after test &gt; before test; p &lt; 0.01, d = 0.09–1.51). ANOVA revealed a significant group × time interaction only for CS-YBT (F = 4.45; p &lt; 0.04; η2 = 0.14), 5JT (F = 6.39; p &lt; 0.02; η2 = 0.18), and 15 m-CoD (F = 7.88; p &lt; 0.01; η2 = 0.22). CS-YBT, 5JT, and 15 m-CoD improved significantly in the post-PHV group (+ 4.56%, effect size = 1.51; + 4.51%, effect size = 1.05; and -3.08%, effect size = 0.51, respectively), more than the pre-PHV group (+ 2.77%, effect size = 0.85; + 2.91%, effect size = 0.54; and -1.56%, effect size = 0.20, respectively).Conclusion: The CoD training program improved balance, horizontal jump, and CoD without the ball in male preadolescent and adolescent soccer players, and this improvement was greater in the post-PHV players. The maturity status of the athletes should be considered when programming CoD training for soccer players.

Postural Characterization of Adolescent Federation Basketball Players

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1401-1407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrícia Ferreira Guedes ◽  
Silvia Maria Amado João
Keyword(s):  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Anatomical Landmarks ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Postural Alignment ◽  
The Right ◽  
High Level ◽  
Postural Analysis

Background:The adolescent players federated to basketball have a high-level of endurance demand, often overloading the biological tissues and causing biomechanical compensations. Due to the immaturity of their musculoskeletal structures those consequences may influence the growing process and lead to the development of various postural patterns. We aimed to evaluate the postural alignment of the trunk in players.Methods:Participants, 74 healthy adolescents: 36 basketball players (BG) and 38 adolescents in control group (CG). First, adolescents were marked with spheres over specific anatomical landmarks. Postural photographs were taken in the sagittal and frontal planes, and analyzed using the free internet Postural Analysis Software to obtain quantitative measures of the head, shoulders, and trunk.Results:ANCOVA has revealed significant group effects: players demonstrated greater lateral spinal inclination (P < .008). In the right sagittal plane, the BG had lower angular values of forward head position (P < .02), pelvic ante version (P < .02), vertical alignment of the trunk (P < .02), and thoracic kyphosis (P < .005). The covariate analysis has indicated that age influences the alignments of both the shoulders and the left scapula; and height influences the scapular alignment.Conclusions:This study has demonstrated that basketball training within federations influences the musculoskeletal system of adolescents and reflects a process of postural adaptations.

scholarly journals Effect of Plyometric Training on Speed and Change of Direction Ability in Elite Field Hockey Players

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasdev Singh ◽  
Brendyn B Appleby ◽  
Andrew P Lavender
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Plyometric Training ◽  
Field Hockey ◽  
Performance Variables ◽  
Change Of Direction ◽  
Jump Exercise ◽  
Parallel Group ◽  
Repeated Measures Analysis ◽  
Hockey Players

This study investigated the effects of two plyometric training protocols on sprint and change of direction (COD) performance in elite hockey players. A parallel-group randomized controlled trial design was used and seventeen elite male and female field hockey players were randomly allocated into either low-to-high (L-H, n = 8) or high-to-low (H-L, n = 9) training groups. Each group performed separate variations of the drop jump exercise twice weekly for six weeks, with an emphasis on either jump height (L-H) or drop height (H-L). Performance variables assessed included sprint times over 10 m and 20 m, as well as 505 time. A two-way repeated measures analysis of variance was performed and Cohen&rsquo;s d effect sizes were calculated. The H-L group displayed significant small ES improvement from baseline to post-training in the 10 m sprint (1.893 &plusmn; 0.08 s pre vs 1.851 &plusmn; 0.06 s post) (ES = &minus;0.44) (P = &lt;0.05). Small but not statistically significant differences between groups were observed for 10 m and 20 m sprint performance, and no significant differences were observed within or between groups for 505 time. These findings highlight the difficulty in substantially enhancing speed and COD ability in highly trained athletic populations through the addition of a low volume, short duration plyometric training protocol.

scholarly journals Effects of Plyometric, Strength and Change of Direction Training on High-School Basketball Player’s Physical Fitness

2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-186
Author(s):  
Eduardo Sáez de Villarreal ◽  
Jose Galán Molina ◽  
Guillermo de Castro-Maqueda ◽  
José V. Gutiérrez-Manzanedo
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Change Of Direction ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
And Control

Abstract The study aim was to compare the effects of a 7-week plyometric, strength and change of direction (COD) training program on basketball-specific performance measures in high-school players. Forty male players were randomly assigned to one of the four groups: plyometric (PG, n = 10), strength (SG, n = 10), COD (CODG, n = 10), and control group training (CG, n = 10). Two training sessions were performed at weekly intervals before basketball training. Performance of the counter movement jump (CMJ), Abalakov jump (ABKJ), 10 m zig-zag sprint, 20 m in line sprint (measurements at 10 and 20 m), and sit and reach flexibility test (SRFT) was assessed before and after the intervention. A 4 (group) × 2 (time) repeated measures analysis of variances (ANOVA) was conducted for each variable. Bonferroni post-hoc tests were used when the interaction was significant. Significant (all p < 0.05) time x group interaction was noted for SRFT, CMJ, ABK, sprint, and zig-zag 10 m, in favor of the experimental groups compared to the control group. However, improvements in physical fitness were similar between the three experimental groups. In conclusion, 7 weeks of specific plyometric, strength and COD training produced similar medium to large improvements in physical fitness of high-school basketball players.

The Effects of a Supervised Resistance-Training Program on Special Olympics Athletes

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 372-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Machek ◽  
Christine B. Stopka ◽  
Mark D. Tillman ◽  
Suzanne M. Sneed ◽  
Keith E. Naugle
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Special Olympics ◽  
Significant Interaction Effect ◽  
Resistance Training Program ◽  
Lower Back ◽  
Type Design ◽  
Significant Strength ◽  
Repeated Measures Analysis

Objective:To examine the effects of a resistance-training program on athletes with intellectual disabilities (ID).Design/Participants:2-way (2 × 2), repeated-measures analysis of variance on 2 groups (males and females); 30 Special Olympics (SO) athletes, age 16–22 (16 males, 14 females).Intervention/Outcome Measures:Resistance training, twice per week, for 3 months on Med-X weight equipment. Exercises tested: chest press, abdominal crunch, seated row, overhead press, seated dip, lower back extension, and biceps curl. The weight lifted and the number of repetitions performed were used to determine predicted 1-repetition max (1RM).Results:All participants as a group increased significantly in predicted 1RM for each exercise performed. Males were stronger than females for 5 of the 7 exercises. A significant interaction effect between genders was demonstrated for the seated dip.Conclusion:Significant strength gains can be accomplished by adolescents with ID via a supervised resistance-training program.

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