scholarly journals An Evacuation Simulator for Exploring Mutual Assistance Activities in Neighborhood Communities for Earthquake Disaster Mitigation

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-31
Author(s):  
Kazuki Karashima ◽  
Akira Ohgai
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
Earthquake Disaster ◽  
Mutual Assistance

scholarly journals A Methodology of Workshops to Explore Mutual Assistance Activities for Earthquake Disaster Mitigation

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 3814
Author(s):  
Kazuki Karashima ◽  
Akira Ohgai
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Management ◽  
Quantitative Evaluation ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Suggested Method ◽  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
Earthquake Disaster ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
Mutual Assistance ◽  
Large Earthquakes

To minimize the damage caused by large earthquakes, mutual assistance activities between residents and rescue victims (i.e., to support residents who cannot evacuate individually) are important. To enhance these activities, the technologies and methods for creating a Community Disaster Management Plan (CDMP), based on the quantitative evaluation of mutual assistance abilities, are required. However, the lack of a method for it is a key issue. This study aims to develop a methodology of workshops for making CDMPs by using the developed support tool by the authors to explore and promote mutual assistance activities. Through the demonstration and examination of a Community Disaster Management Plan on actual districts, the findings mentioned in this article were obtained. Moreover, the usability of this method is shown. In particular, this method is effective at revising CDMPs, and raising resident awareness on the importance of mutual assistance. The suggested method can also improve the lack of techniques involved in promoting mutual assistance.

scholarly journals Earthquake Resistant Residential Neighborhood in China: Examination of vulnerability in outdoor spaces

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
pp. 59-69
Author(s):  
Xue Ma ◽  
Ryuzo Ohno
Keyword(s):  
Publishing House ◽  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
Target Area ◽  
Earthquake Disaster ◽  
Residential Neighborhood ◽  
Outdoor Spaces ◽  
Earthquake Resistant ◽  
International Publishing ◽  
The City ◽  
Open Access Article

China is a seismic active country. We suffered a large number of fatalities by earthquake damage. A great deal of requirements on disaster mitigation has been putting forward and which is becoming a hot topic in the society. This paper focuses on the safety situation of residential environment in Chinese cities, tries to examine the vulnerabilities for earthquake disaster mitigation. We chose the city of Tianjin as target area applying for the detail analysis. An evaluation was interpreted into suggestions and advices on planning and management. Keywords: Vulnerability, Earthquake disaster mitigation, Residential area eISSN 2514-751X © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.

EFFECT OF HEALTH EDUCATION ON STUDENT KNOWLEDGE IN DEALING DISASTER IN SD PADOKAN BANTUL YOGYAKARTA

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masta Hutasoit
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Disaster Preparedness ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Earthquake Disaster ◽  
The Impact

Background: Bantul is one of the areas in Yogyakarta that is at risk of disaster. The results of interviews with the head of SD N 2 Padokan found that the school had never had any training on disaster and not yet implemented the curriculum on disaster mitigation. Children are age groups that are very vulnerable to the impact of both physical and psychological disasters. Knowledge of disaster preparedness is important for disaster preventionThe purpose of the study: to determine the effect of health education on knowledge of student preparedness to earthquake disaster events in SD N 2 Padokan, Bantul.Method: This research is quantitative research with quasi experiment design. The design used was pre test and post test nonequivalent control group. The number of samples in the intervention group and the control group were 27 students of class V. The sampling were collected by purposive sampling according to the criteria. Methods of data collection using questionnaires and using nonparametric statistical analysis Wilcoxon with the help of SPSS v.17 for Windows program.Results: The results showed no effect of health education on earthquake disaster preparedness knowledge in SD N 2 Padokan obtained p value 0.480 with α 0.05. In the intervention group the difference of knowledge before and after is indicated by p value 0.180, while for the control group 1,000.Conclusion: there is no effect of health education on disaster preparedness knowledge in SD N 2 Padokan.  

scholarly journals The identification of parameter arrangement for hypothetical model of campus with earthquake disaster mitigation insight

2018 ◽  
Vol 229 ◽  
pp. 01007
Author(s):  
Lies Wahyuni ◽  
Dede Rohmat ◽  
Iwan Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
Risk Indicator ◽  
Study Analysis ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Hypothetical Model ◽  
Earthquake Disaster ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Simple Parameter

Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia is one of the leading university that should be responsive to environmental phenomena, especially about the earthquake disaster. Thus, developing disaster mitigation model is a very important thing to do. The purpose of this research is (1) identification of disaster risk factors, (2) classifying parameters and disaster risk indicator based on the availability of data, difficulty in obtaining data, and the accuracy of data, (3) develop alternative parameters to be used as a campus disaster mitigation model-based classification of disaster risk indicator. The method used in this research is literature study, analysis, and synthesis of theory and approach based on consideration of the expertise of the several specialist’s mitigations. The result of this study is an arrangement of the parameter for a campus with disaster mitigation hypothetical model insight which is divided into 3 parts, namely: ideal parameter consisting of 30 parameter indicators, medium parameter consisting of 27 parameter indicators, and simple parameter consisting of 22 parameter indicators.

The 2010 Haiti Earthquake Disaster: The ShakeMap that could have been...

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahar Shani-Kadmiel ◽  
Gil Averbuch ◽  
Pieter Smets ◽  
Jelle Assink ◽  
Läslo Evers
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Waves ◽  
Seismic Waves ◽  
Source Region ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Processing Technique ◽  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
Haiti Earthquake ◽  
Earthquake Disaster ◽  
Global Coverage ◽  
Test Ban

<p>When an earthquake occurs, it is important to rapidly assess the severity of the consequences. The distribution of shaking intensity around the epicenter, known as the ShakeMap, is a key component in this process and is crucial for guiding first responders to the region. Whereas earthquake source characteristics, e.g., location and magnitude, can be rapidly determined using distant seismic stations, ground motion measurements from stations in the near-source region are needed to generate an adequate ShakeMap. When few or no seismometers exist in the region, ground motions are only estimated and the ShakeMap can be grossly inaccurate.</p><p>Besides seismic waves, earthquakes generate infrasound, i.e., inaudible acoustic waves in the atmosphere. Due to the low frequency nature of infrasound, and facilitated by waveguides in the atmosphere, signals propagate over long ranges with limited attenuation and are detected at ground-based stations. Here we show, that acousto-ShakeMaps, indicating the relative shaking intensity, can be rapidly generated using remotely detected infrasound. We illustrate this with infrasound from the 2010 Mw 7.0 Port-au-Prince, Haiti earthquake, detected in Bermuda, over 1700 km away from Haiti.</p><p>Such observations are made possible by: (1) An advanced array processing technique that enables the detection of coherent wavefronts, even when amplitudes are below the noise level, and (2) A backprojection technique that maps infrasound detections in time to their origin on the Earth's surface.</p><p>Infrasound measurements are conducted globally for the verification of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty and together with regional infrasound networks allow for an unprecedented global coverage. This makes infrasound as an earthquake disaster mitigation technique feasible for the first time.</p>

A Primary Assessment of Society-Based Earthquake Disaster Mitigation in Kabul City, Afghanistan

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 158-162
Author(s):  
Mohammad Kazem Naseri ◽  
◽  
Dongshik Kang ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Awareness ◽  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Earthquake Risk ◽  
Disaster Prevention ◽  
Earthquake Disaster ◽  
Prevention Education ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Disaster Education ◽  
School Curricula

A questionnaire-based survey was carried out in the 13th district of Kabul, the capital city of Afghanistan. For this purpose, 10 high schools, both private and public, were selected randomly. A total of 324 participants responded to the questions in the questionnaire. From the total respondents, 127 (39.2%) were female and 197 (60.8%) male; all were in the 15 to 25 age range. Most of the students (75%) had experienced an earthquake, but their perceptions and knowledge about earthquake mitigation were not good as over 50% did not know what to do during an earthquake. Regarding the current situation, 64% responded that disaster education had not been included in their school curricula. The wide participation and strong interest of the students in this survey are expected to foster further research and investigation, as the majority of them (70%) were in a position to transfer their knowledge about earthquake disaster mitigation to their families. Based on the survey findings, despite the contribution of students who had already experienced disaster education outside of Afghanistan, students’ disaster mitigation knowledge was undeniably poor. There is a clear need to establish and plan for the disaster prevention education system in Afghanistan. There is a lack of understanding regarding effective behaviors, attitudes, and knowledge. This problem was probably caused by the absence of disaster education, teaching materials, and expert staff. Therefore, it is highly recommended to integrate disaster prevention education into school curricula, reduce the earthquake risk by sharing disaster information through students’ parent council meetings at schools, and improve public awareness in order to create a society that is resilient to earthquakes.

EARTHQUAKE DISASTER PREPAREDNESS AND LIFE OF HOMESTAY SYSTEM EVACUEES IN HIGH-RISE CONDOMINIUMS

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akie Hisagi ◽  
Takashige Ishikawa
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Preparedness ◽  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
Internet Survey ◽  
Earthquake Disaster ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Emergency Shelters ◽  
The Future ◽  
Disaster Situation ◽  
At Home

The possibility of a huge earthquake affecting Tokyo in the future is high. In the event of such an earthquake, many people will face problems returning to their homes, causing complete disorder and confusion as it will be impossible for everyone to access emergency shelters. If buildings such as high-rise condominiums remain standing and safe, it will be desirable that their residents take refuge at home. In this study, we investigated the awareness of disaster mitigation needs using an internet survey of over 800 residents of high-rise condominiums (of 10 or more stories) in central Tokyo. Our results show that approximately 60% of residents would take refuge at home. However, almost none of the respondents had emergency supplies such as water, food, and other daily necessities. This lack of preparedness would result in many people needing to move to emergency shelters. By analyzing these results, we aim to develop a method for avoiding confusion in the aftermath of a disaster and educate building residents on their needs in a disaster situation and the preparatory actions they must take.

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