scholarly journals The impact of Industry 4.0 on the selected macroeconomic indicators in Slovak Republic, Germany, the USA and Japan

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 26-37
Author(s):  
Jozef Habánik ◽  
Adriana Grenčíková ◽  
Karol Krajčo
Keyword(s):  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Implementation of R&D Results and Industry 4.0 Influenced by Selected Macroeconomic Indicators

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1846 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jena Švarcová ◽  
Tomáš Urbánek ◽  
Lucie Povolná ◽  
Eliška Sobotková
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Close Link ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators ◽  
The Business Cycle ◽  
The Impact

Successful timing of INDUSTRY 4.0 projects in businesses can be disrupted by the coming of a recession. The authors assume a close link between INDUSTRY 4.0 and research and development (R&D) projects. R&D projects are statistically internationally monitored and have a significant impact on European Union economic policies. This article explores the impact of the two economic recessions in 2009 and 2012–2013 on the number of R&D entities and human resources involved in R&D in the Czech Republic. The method of multivariate statistics with dummy variables was used. Research has shown that different sectors (business sector, government sector, higher education sector, and non-profit sector) show a different development of the number of R&D entities in times of economic crisis. The research findings indicate that current European Union grant support, tax relief, and other specific factors appear to be more important for the development of R&D projects in the Czech Republic than the effects of economic recession. In terms of longer time horizons, however, the effects of the business cycle cannot be ignored. In order to predict economic development, enterprises and other subjects can use leading macroeconomic indicators.

scholarly journals Private Label and Macroeconomic Indicators: Europe and USA

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Eloy Gil-Cordero ◽  
Francisco Javier Rondán-Cataluña ◽  
Daniel Sigüenza-Morales
Keyword(s):  
Market Share ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Private Label ◽  
Private Labels ◽  
National Brand ◽  
Business Decisions ◽  
The Us ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Impact

In this study, we have analyzed the impact and evolution of some of the most important macroeconomic indices on the market share and value of private brands. The originality and objective of this work is the linkage of macroeconomic variables in European countries and the USA with the evolution of private labels in these countries. A sample of 19 European countries and all states within the USA has been collected over a 10-year period, including data on private labels and macroeconomic indices. The analysis of the panel data has been applied using the SPSS software through the Ljung–Box test. The most significant data from the sample study is that for GDP; we advised national brand managers to make a special communication effort in nations that offer a lower GDP within Europe for their volume and in value for the US. On the other hand, it was found that when the unemployment rate increases, the value of private label market share decreases for the US, but increases for Europe, in addition to other findings that will help organizations make different business decisions.

scholarly journals The Impact of digitization and automation of production on the role of the workforce in companies in Slovakia

2020 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
pp. 01055
Author(s):  
Julia Rakovská
Keyword(s):  
Market Economy ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Production Management ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Current View ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Production Logistics ◽  
Knowledge And Skills ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this article was to evaluate the current view of domestic and foreign authors on problems and trends of production logistics in the conditions of globalization and to explore possibilities of development of the concept of Industry 4.0 in Slovakia. We also focused on the digitalization of processes, which are one of the basic prerequisites for the company's operation in the Industry 4.0 concept. The current conditions in the Slovak Republic, resulting from the functioning of the market economy, create new opportunities and the need to apply business approaches in production management. It is a prerequisite for the success not only of manufacturing companies to find balance between modern trends and technologies and people with necessary knowledge and skills.

scholarly journals Globalization Impact on the Maritime Trade between the USA and the Slovak Republic

2021 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 07039
Author(s):  
Peter Mako ◽  
Andrej David ◽  
Andrea Galierikova ◽  
Matus Materna
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Least Squares Method ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Maritime Trade ◽  
Technical Equipment ◽  
Maritime Transport ◽  
Container Transport ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Impact

Research background: The paper background is based on the importance of maritime trade. The paper offers a proposal for container transport in two different directions along two different transport routes, taking into consideration all trends in the development of port transhipment facilities as well as the development of container transport. The final comparison is determined based on criteria such as speed and complexity of the transport, distance, price for transportation, as well as the risk of endangering the cargo due to shipping through risky geographical areas. These factors, together with other facts, significantly contribute to the final choice of the shipping route both by the shipper and the carrier. Purpose of the article: The main purpose of this paper is to present the basic possibilities of container transportation by sea between North America and Europe, to express the importance of the Transatlantic maritime transport route and to offer a comparison of two transport proposals in a case study.The main objective of the paper is to evaluate the impact of globalization on maritime trade between the USA and Europe, especially the Slovak Republic. Given the rapidly evolving maritime transport situation between North America and Europe, special consideration is also given to the current technical equipment and transhipment technology in the ports through which this trade takes place. Methods: The method used in the paper is the least squares method, that will be used on the prediction of future stage of maritime trade between Slovakia and the USA. For this purpose, methods of regression and correlation analysis will be also used. Findings & Value added: According to data from Review of Maritime Transport between 1995 – 2018, the prediction of stage of maritime trade will be made. The development of the maritime trade will be also predicted.

scholarly journals The Impact of Industry 4.0 on Jobs Creation within the Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises and Family Businesses in Slovakia

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Adriana Grenčíková ◽  
Marcel Kordoš ◽  
Vladislav Berkovič
Keyword(s):  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Family Businesses ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Fundamental Research ◽  
Human Intellect ◽  
The Impact

Industry 4.0 has been creating new jobs for several years, and people are already being employed in work positions that did not exist ten years ago. Due to the speed and complexity of the changes brought about by the Fourth Industrial Revolution, it will be necessary to respond adequately and flexibly to this challenge. This research paper is devoted to the issue of Industry 4.0 outbreak into industrial enterprises, while the issue of job structure will become an increasingly urgent one. The main objective of this problem-oriented quantitative type of research is based on the analysis of the state and course of Industry 4.0 implementation process to estimate the impact of Industry 4.0 concept implementation on job creation in small and medium-sized enterprises and family businesses in Slovak Republic. A questionnaire survey in small and medium-sized enterprises in Slovak Republic was chosen as the fundamental research method. The results have shown that new technologies will increasingly displace physical labor in particular, and emerging jobs will put ever-increasing demands on human intellect. The conclusions from our findings can be the basis for the creation of educational programs not only within the workplace but also in the educational system in Slovak Republic.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Impact of International Trade Using Regression and Correlation Models

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
Štefan Čarný ◽  
Vladislav Zitrický
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Metallurgical Industry ◽  
Economic Indicators ◽  
Mathematical Research ◽  
Sharp Decline ◽  
Correlation Models ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The connection of international economies in the world represents an important role for the development of modern economies of countries. This phenomenon is known as globalization. The article describes in more detail the dependence of the Slovak Republic on the economies of East Asia, where mathematical research was performed on macroeconomic indicators of imports and exports. The Slovak Republic is experiencing an increase in GDP for the entire reference period. The growth of economic indicators in the Slovak Republic is ensured mainly due to the strong integration of our economy into international logistics chains and the strongly developed automotive industry. However, assuming the COVID-19 crisis, several studies suggest a sharp decline in economic indicators, as international trade has had to be significantly reduced for some time. The countries we examined in the article have a significant impact on these areas, so our research was focused on the main sectors of the Slovak economy. The automotive industry, the metallurgical industry and the electronics industry were evaluated. Data from world statistics were evaluated using mathematical and statistical models. The result of the study was the confirmation of dependence in all the categories.

scholarly journals The Impact of National Environment of a Company on Its Financial Policy

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
Katarína Belanová
Keyword(s):  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Financial Policy ◽  
Business World ◽  
Financial Decisions ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators ◽  
National Environment ◽  
The Impact ◽  
A Company

The current business world is a subject of constant changes, which are caused by the growing instability of business environment, both in national and global scale. The paper deals with one of these two parts, namely with the national environment. It consists of factors and conditions that arise independently from the will of the company. The company can not influence the conditions; it can only adjust to them that means to use potential opportunities or avoid threats. The aim of the paper is to present those parts of the social surroundings, which have the most significant influence on the financial decisions of a company. Regarding this, we analyze the development of the basic macroeconomic indicators of the Slovak Republic.

scholarly journals Impact of Industry 4.0 on labor productivity in the Slovak Republic

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 396-408
Author(s):  
Adriana Grenčíková ◽  
Marcel Kordoš ◽  
Vladislav Berkovic
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Labor Force ◽  
Labor Productivity ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Grant Agency ◽  
The Impact

The Fourth Industrial Revolution bears major technological, demographic, and socio-economic changes affecting nearly every area in business. Within the human resources area, both a surplus of labor and the creation of brand new professions are to be expected. Industry 4.0 concept significantly affects labor productivity in individual countries and does not miss the Slovak Republic either. All segments of the labor market, not just industrial enterprises, will be affected. The present study aims to analyze the possible development of labor productivity in Slovak companies and determine its development in the next period, considering the decreasing number of working-age populations in terms of the fallouts on creation and termination of jobs and occupations. The questionnaire carried out in 319 enterprises in the Slovak Republic with a received response of 228 was a key research tool used to analyze the results of the survey. The findings show that although the labor force within the Slovak labor market will not increase, the labor force will decrease due to unfavorable demographic development. The overall productivity in Slovak companies will increase due to the new technologies implementation. The results have proved that the Industry 4.0 concept will significantly affect labor productivity in the world economy and the Slovak Republic. In particular, the recommendations aim to draw attention to changes in job structure and the need to reform the education system because of Industry 4.0 requirements. Acknowledgments This paper was supported by the Slovak Ministry of Education’s Scientific grant agency VEGA: “The impact of Industry 4.0 on jobs structure changes”. Project registration number: [Reg. No.: 1/0430/18]. This paper was supported by the Slovak Ministry of Education’s Scientific grant agency VEGA: “Assessment changes in the qualitative structure of international economic relations under the influence of Industry 4.0 with implications for the EU and Slovak economic policies”. Project registration number: [Reg. No.: 1/0462/20].

The Random Forest Method in Research of Impact of Macroeconomic Indicators of Regional Development on Informal Employment Rate

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 37-55
Author(s):  
E. V. Zarova ◽  
E. I. Dubravskaya
Keyword(s):  
Random Forest ◽  
Regional Development ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Informal Employment ◽  
Macroeconomic Factors ◽  
Random Forest Method ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Impact

The topic of quantitative research on informal employment has a consistently high relevance both in the Russian Federation and in other countries due to its high dependence on cyclicality and crisis stages in economic dynamics of countries with any level of economic development. Developing effective government policy measures to overcome the negative impact of informal employment requires special attention in theoretical and applied research to assessing the factors and conditions of informal employment in the Russian Federation including at the regional level. Such effects of informal employment as a shortfall in taxes, potential losses in production efficiency, and negative social consequences are a concern for the authorities of the federal and regional levels. Development of quantitative indicators to determine the level of informal employment in the regions, taking into account their specifics in the general spatial and economic system of Russia are necessary to overcome these negative effects. The article proposes and tests methods for solving the problem of assessing the impact of hierarchical relationships on macroeconomic factors at the regional level of informal employment in constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Majority of the works on the study of informal employment are based on basic statistical methods of spatial-dynamic analysis, as well as on the now «traditional» methods of cluster and correlation-regression analysis. Without diminishing the merits of these methods, it should be noted that they are somewhat limited in identifying hidden structural connections and interdependencies in such a complex multidimensional phenomenon as informal employment. In order to substantiate the possibility of overcoming these limitations, the article proposes indicators of regional statistics that directly and indirectly characterize informal employment and also presents the possibilities of using the «random forest» method to identify groups of constituent entities of the Russian Federation that have similar macroeconomic factors of informal employment. The novelty of this method in terms of research objectives is that it allows one to assess the impact of macroeconomic indicators of regional development on the level of informal employment, taking into account the implicit, not predetermined by the initial hypotheses, hierarchical relationships of factor indicators. Based on the generalization of the studies presented in the literature, as well as the authors’ statistical calculations using Rosstat data, the authors came to the conclusion about the high importance of macroeconomic parameters of regional development and systemic relationships of macroeconomic indicators in substantiating the differentiation of the informal level across the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

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