Infraspecific morphological variations of  Salvia limbata in Iran

Salvia limbata is an aromatic herb of Lamiaceae, which distributed in different parts of Iran. Studies have revealed that this species has several benefit compounds for human health. In this study, we investigated infra‒specific morphological difference in this species. In total, 21 inflorescence morphological features were evaluated in eight populations; ten individuals were evaluated per each population. Data were analysed using SPSS and MVSP softwares. Morphological traits highly differed among the studied populations and ANOVA test revealed significant differences among most of them. According to UPGMA tree, PCA and PCO plots of morphological characteristics, we reported four distinct phenotypes among the studied populations. CA. Joined plot revealed each of these group were characterized by special traits, which were useful in identification of them. Two phenotypes were monotypic, while the rest were composed of two to four populations. This species has a relative large geographical distribution, the distribution of its populations in diverse area will prevent the focus of natural selection in a given direct. Therefore different phenotypes were found in its different populations.

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Infraspecific morphological and genetic variations of Ficus carica L. from Iran

Biologija ◽

10.6001/biologija.v65i3.4090 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 65 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Mohammad Reza Zolfaghari ◽

Fahimeh Salimpour ◽

Fariba Sharifnia ◽

Maryam Peyvandi ◽

Sayeh Jafari Marandi

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Morphological Traits ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Ecological Factors ◽

Ficus Carica ◽

Upgma Tree ◽

Genetic Diversity And Structure ◽

Morphological Variables ◽

Cultivated Populations ◽

Different Parts

Ficus carica L. (Moraceae) is one of the most important crop plants widely cultivated in different parts of the world. Several wild or cultivated populations of it grow in various regions of Iran. In the current research, we evaluated morphological and molecular SSR methods in order to investigate infraspecific variations in this species and introduce possible phenotypes/genotypes among its populations. For this, 14 populations were selected from different parts of the country. We evaluated 27 qualitative and quantitative morphological traits of both reproductive and vegetative organs. The ANOVA test revealed significant variations for most of the quantitative variables; moreover, qualitative features differed among populations. Significant correlations were found between some morphological characteristics with ecological factors of habitats. According to the UPGMA tree, four morphotypes existed among these populations. CA-joined plot revealed that each group was identified by some morphological variables. In addition, parameters of genetic diversity varied among the studied populations, while the AMOVA test showed significant variations, most of which belonged to the variations within the population. According to the UPGMA tree, MDS and PCoA plots, the studied populations were divided into four distinct genotypes. In addition, the UPGMA tree based on Nei genetic diversity and Structure analyses confirmed these groups. Three groups were monotypic and the fourth was composed of eleven populations. Patterns of population clustering based on the morphological traits were not similar to those of SSR data. Therefore we concluded that environmental factors had strong effects on the population’s phenotype and genotypes were not recognized by their phenotypes.

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VARIATION IN ANAL FIN RAY COUNT OF THE REDSIDE SHINER RICHARDSONIUS BALTEATUS (RICHARDSON)

Canadian Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1139/z53-019 ◽

1953 ◽

Vol 31 (3) ◽

pp. 211-225 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

C. C. Lindsey

Keyword(s):

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Introduced Populations ◽

Fin Ray ◽

Parent Stock ◽

Different Populations ◽

The Mean ◽

Redside Shiner ◽

Richardsonius Balteatus ◽

Bodies Of Water ◽

Different Parts

Anal fin rays were counted on 4766 specimens of Richardsonius balteatus from 61 localities in British Columbia. Individual counts varied from 10 to 21, and mean counts of different populations varied from 12.06 to 17.51. Significant differences in counts occurred between different bodies of water, between recently introduced populations and their parent stock, between different parts of the same lake, and between different year classes. Ray counts tended to be higher amongst females in populations with high over-all means, and higher amongst males in populations with low over-all means. A positive correlation was demonstrated between water temperatures recorded in the vicinity of developing fry and the mean numbers of anal rays produced. Within each latitudinal zone a similar correlation occurred between mean ray count and average air temperature during the spawning season, but data on 109 means of populations in U.S.A. and Canada indicated a tendency, probably genetic, towards production, at equivalent temperature, of higher ray count towards the northern end of the range. Loose correlations between anal ray count and certain other morphological characteristics suggest that these may be dependent on more or less common environmental factors but are not linked by direct causality.

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Morphological variability of acorns and its taxonomic significance in Quercus. from Turkey

Bangladesh Journal of Botany ◽

10.3329/bjb.v43i3.21601 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 43 (3) ◽

pp. 293-299 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Y Bakis ◽

MT Babaç

Keyword(s):

Principal Component Analysis ◽

Morphological Variability ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Principal Component ◽

Component Analysis ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Taxonomic Significance ◽

Morphological Variations ◽

Quercus Species ◽

Different Populations

Morphological variations of acorn among and within the groups of Quercus species were studied. A total of 617 acorns belonging to 14 species representing all 3 sections of Quercus L. (Fagaceae) in Turkey were examined in this study. Specimens were collected from 47 different populations over both Anatolian and Thrace part of Turkey. Principal component analysis was used to analyze the morphological characteristics of acorns. Results obtained from this study demonstrate the use of morphological characters in differentiating the taxa of Quercus and Cerris sections studied. Another important finding is the introgression among the acorns of species within Quercus section DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v43i3.21601 Bangladesh J. Bot. 43(3): 293-299, 2014 (December)

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COMPARATIVE MORPHOLOGY OF THE OVIPOSITOR OF SOME PARASITIC HYMENOPTERA IN RELATION TO CHARACTERISTICS OF THEIR HOSTS

The Canadian Entomologist ◽

10.4039/ent128413-3 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 128 (3) ◽

pp. 413-433 ◽

Cited By ~ 52

Author(s):

A. Le Ralec ◽

J.M. Rabasse ◽

E. Wajnberg

Keyword(s):

Correspondence Analysis ◽

Morphological Traits ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Comparative Morphology ◽

Interspecific Variation ◽

Morphological Variations ◽

Parasitic Hymenoptera ◽

Different Types ◽

Host Characteristics

AbstractAlthough the structure of the ovipositor of parasitic Hymenoptera is largely uniform, interspecific variation in its morphology can be observed. Such variability may be related to the diversity of hosts attacked. To verify such an hypothesis, we compared, using correspondence analysis, the morphological characteristics of the ovipositors of 20 species in three categories: (i) species belonging to the same taxonomic unit and attacking the same type of host, (ii) species belonging to the same taxonomic unit but attacking different types of host, and (iii) species belonging to different taxonomic units but attacking the same type of host. Results show that variability in some morphological traits of the ovipositor can be related to host characteristics. Adaptive convergence in morphological variations observed between species is discussed.

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A taxonomic revision of the Pyracantha crenulata complex (Rosaceae, Maleae)

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.478.2.5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 478 (2) ◽

pp. 239-252

Author(s):

HUI-ZHE FENG ◽

SU-JUAN WEI ◽

LONG-YUAN WANG ◽

SU-FANG CHEN ◽

QIANG FAN ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Taxonomic Revision ◽

Population Level ◽

Single Species ◽

Herbarium Specimens ◽

Leaf Margin ◽

Morphological Variations ◽

Dichotomous Key ◽

Different Populations ◽

Distinct Features

Pyracantha is naturally distributed from East Asia to the southeastern Europe regions, and seven species, including five endemic species, were recorded in China. Taxonomic problems within the genus persist, in which the identity of Pyracantha crenulata complex is not clear when referring to the existing species dichotomous key. P. crenulata complex contains three species: P. loureiroi, P. crenulata and P. fortuneana. Such incident might be due to the lack of proper analysis and evaluation of the characters at the population level when first described. To solve this problem, we sampled 48 populations of P. crenulata, examined 278 sheets of herbarium specimens, and conducted principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) on the morphological variations across different populations. Our findings indicated that P. crenulata complex does not display distinct, separated groups based on the morphological characteristics described in the existing species description, the shape of leaf, leaf margin, leaf apices and widest position of leaf are not distinct features for species delimitation in P. crenulata complex. As a result, we proposed that the P. crenulata complex should be recognized as a single species named P. crenulata.

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Infra-specific morphological diversity in Phlomis olivieri (Labiatae)

Journal of Bio-Science ◽

10.3329/jbs.v22i0.30010 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 22 ◽

pp. 59-67 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Seyed Mehdi Talebi

Keyword(s):

Morphological Traits ◽

Ecological Factors ◽

Morphological Diversity ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Reproductive Organs ◽

Morphological Features ◽

Variance Test ◽

Sample Test ◽

Different Populations ◽

Different Parts

Context: Compare the effect of different ecological conditions on phenotypical traits of Phlomis olivieri.Objective: To observe morphological variation between and within different populations of Phlomis olivieri Benth.Materials and Methods: Morphological characters of eleven populations of Phlomis olivieri were investigated in the both levels: between and within populations. Samples were collected from different parts of Iran and from each population, 3 to 4 samples were elected randomly and sixteen quantitative and qualitative morphological traits from the both vegetative and reproductive organs were examined.Results: Analysis of variance test as well as one-sample test confirmed significant variations for quantitative morphological traits. Morphological features varied between populations, consequently populations were separated from each other in the UPGMA tree and also PCO and PCA plots, among these, populations K, A, D and B placed far from others. Some degrees of polymorphism in morphological traits occurred within populations and individuals of each stand separated from others.Conclusion: This study showed that ecological factors had strong effect on morphological features of different populations of same plant species. This phenomenon was called phenotypic plasticity which created infraspecific variations at both levels interpopulation and intrapopulation or morphological polymorphism among populations.J. bio-sci. 22: 59-67, 2014

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Biogeography of the cosmopolitan terrestrial diatom Hantzschia amphioxys sensu lato based on molecular and morphological data

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-82092-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yevhen Maltsev ◽

Svetlana Maltseva ◽

John Patrick Kociolek ◽

Regine Jahn ◽

Maxim Kulikovskiy

Keyword(s):

18S Rdna ◽

Morphological Variability ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Lower Number ◽

Morphological Data ◽

Sympatric Populations ◽

Infraspecific Taxa ◽

Different Populations ◽

Geographical Locations ◽

Different Parts

AbstractUntil now, the reported diversity of representatives from the genus Hantzschia inhabiting soils from different parts of Eurasia was limited to the few species H. amphioxys, H. elongata and H. vivax and some of their infraspecific taxa. We have studied the morphology, ultrastructure and phylogeny of 25 soil diatom strains, which according to published description would be assigned to “H. amphioxys sensu lato” using 18S rDNA, 28S rDNA and rbcL. We show that strains are made up of seven different species of Hantzschia, including five new for science. Five strains were identified as H. abundans. This species has a slight curvature of the raphe near its external proximal ends. Four of the examined strains were represented by different populations of H. amphioxys and their morphological characteristics fully correspond with its isolectotype and epitype. The main specific features of this species include 21–25 striae in 10 μm, 6–11 fibulae in 10 μm, 40–50 areolae in 10 μm and internal proximal raphe endings bent in opposite directions. H. attractiva sp. nov., H. belgica sp. nov., H. parva sp. nov., H. pseudomongolica sp. nov. and H. stepposa sp. nov. were described based on differences in the shape of the valves, significant differences in dimensions, a lower number of striae and areolae in 10 μm and the degree and direction of deflection of the internal central raphe endings. Based on the study of the morphological variability and phylogeny of soil Hantzschia-species from different geographical locations we conclude that while some species such as H. amphioxys are truly cosmopolitan in their distributions, some sympatric populations of pseudocryptic taxa exist in the Holarctic.

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The dynamic of body and brain co-evolution

Adaptive Behavior ◽

10.1177/1059712321994685 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 105971232199468

Author(s):

Paolo Pagliuca ◽

Stefano Nolfi

Keyword(s):

Morphological Traits ◽

The Body ◽

Morphological Variations ◽

And Control ◽

Selection Of

We introduce a method that permits to co-evolve the body and the control properties of robots. It can be used to adapt the morphological traits of robots with a hand-designed morphological bauplan or to evolve the morphological bauplan as well. Our results indicate that robots with co-adapted body and control traits outperform robots with fixed hand-designed morphologies. Interestingly, the advantage is not due to the selection of better morphologies but rather to the mutual scaffolding process that results from the possibility to co-adapt the morphological traits to the control traits and vice versa. Our results also demonstrate that morphological variations do not necessarily have destructive effects on robots’ skills.

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Epigenetic polymorphism in wild populations of Mus musculus

Genetics Research ◽

10.1017/s0016672300003566 ◽

1963 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 193-220 ◽

Cited By ~ 94

Author(s):

R. J. Berry

Keyword(s):

House Mouse ◽

Mus Musculus ◽

Stabilizing Selection ◽

British Isles ◽

Wild Populations ◽

Local Populations ◽

The World ◽

Different Populations ◽

Different Parts

It has been suggested (Berry & Searle, 1963) that the discontinuous (‘quasi-continuous’) variants studied by Grüneberg et al. in the skeleton of rodents can be regarded as constituting epigenetic polymorphism in different populations. Comparisons have been made between the incidences of skeletal variants in house mouse populations collected from: corn ricks on a single farm in Hampshire; eleven separated localities in different parts of the British Isles; and nine other places throughout the world. These showed that the method could profitably be used for genetically characterizing and hence comparing populations. There was evidence suggestive of genetical drift between local populations and stabilizing selection over a larger area.

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