FLUID FLOW BODIES FOR THE PULP AND PAPER INDUSTRY

The question of the use of vortex flowmeters with different versions of the flow body (TO) under operating conditions on the technological lines of pulp and paper production is considered. It is shown that when using different TO in vortex flowmeters, an error occurs in the working range of speeds (flow rates). The observed error arises due to a change in the Strouhal number (Sh) and is associated with the measurement method. In this case, the Strouhal number begins to depend not only on the TO used as a vortex generator, but also on the flow velocity and the concentration of the fibrous suspension. As the main comparative factor for the investigated TOs, the force action on the sensitive element (flexible electrode) located inside the TO was taken. The study was carried out in several stages using numerical modeling and experimental design method. According to the results of a numerical study, the dependence of the Strouhal number (Sh) on the flow rate (V) and the concentration of the suspension (c) is presented. In a comparative analysis of the deviation of the Strouhal number from the average values, it was revealed that MOT No. 1 has a minimal effect on the concentration of the suspension in the working range of flow rates (± 0.5%). This circumstance makes it possible to verify and test flow meters with such maintenance in conventional pouring installations. The analysis of the maintenance with respect to the signal-to-noise ratio shows that the purest signal is generated by the cylindrical maintenance (maintenance No. 3), and maintenance No. 2 and No. 1 have noticeably large noise. The differences are explained by the absence on the surface of a cylindrical TO of extra protrusions, faces, which leads to a smoother flow of a suspension around its surface, as well as to a decrease in internal spurious noise.

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Optimization of Operating Conditions for CO2 Methanation Process Using Design of Experiments

Energies ◽

10.3390/en14248414 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (24) ◽

pp. 8414

Author(s):

Chae-Eun Yeo ◽

Minhye Seo ◽

Dongju Kim ◽

Cheonwoo Jeong ◽

Hye-Sun Shin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Design Method ◽

Space Velocity ◽

Operating Conditions ◽

Catalyst Characterization ◽

Co2 Conversion ◽

Optimal Operating ◽

Co2 Methanation ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Experimental Design Method

In this study, the Taguchi experimental design method using an L16 orthogonal array was attempted in order to investigate the optimal operating conditions for the CO2 methanation process in Ni-based catalysts. The relative influence of the main factors affecting CO2 conversion and CH4 yield was ranked as follows: reactor pressure > space velocity > reaction temperature. The optimal combination of operating conditions was a reactor temperature of 315 °C, a pressure of 19 bar, and a space velocity of 6000 h−1. The effect of the H2/CO2 ratio on CO2 conversion and CH4 yield was further considered under these optimal operating conditions. Moreover, the catalyst was characterized in order to investigate the production of coke through Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. The amount of coke produced after the reaction for approximately 24 h was ~2 wt.%. Therefore, the desired CH4 yield and long-term operational stability were successfully obtained using the Taguchi design method and catalyst characterization.

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Development Parameters of Pneumatic Slotted Sprayers for Treatment Potato Tubers

International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering - Special Issue ◽

10.35940/ijitee.b7848.129219 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 1200-1203

Keyword(s):

Experimental Design ◽

Design Method ◽

Working Fluid ◽

Potato Tubers ◽

Flow Rates ◽

Financial Costs ◽

Experimental Design Method ◽

Potato Planter ◽

Spray Gun

This article presents the results of developing the design of the device and optimizing the parameters of the pneumatic slotted spray gun recommended for treating tubers with working fluids. In connection with the task, the flow rates of the working fluid by the sprayer were determined by the experimental design method and the speed characteristics of the airborne droplet for treating tubers in the coulters of a potato planter. It was found that the use of a device for processing tubers during the planting process contributes to the intensification of the cultivation of tubers while reducing financial costs and improving the quality of processing.

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Co-Combustion of Pulp- and Paper Sludge With Wood: Emissions of Nitrogen, Sulphur and Chlorine Compounds

17th International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion ◽

10.1115/fbc2003-097 ◽

2003 ◽

Author(s):

Lars-Erik A˚mand ◽

Bo Leckner ◽

Solvie Herstad Sva¨rd ◽

Marianne Gyllenhammar ◽

David Eskilsson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽

Paper Industry ◽

Pulp And Paper ◽

Operating Conditions ◽

Gaseous Emissions ◽

Fluidised Bed ◽

Wood Pellets ◽

Feed System ◽

Cfb Boiler ◽

Fuel Feed

Sludge from wastewater treatment plants in five Swedish pulp and paper mills has been burned together with wood in a circulating fluidised bed (CFB) boiler. The sludge was either mechanically dewatered or pre-dried. The mechanically dewatered sludge had to be fed with a pump, but the pre-dried sludge could be fed by the fuel feed system normally used for coal, wood chips or wood pellets. In parallel to the combustion tests in the CFB boiler the sludges were also investigated as single fuels in a small laboratory FB. The Swedish pulp and paper industry produces three major fractions of sludge: pure fibre sludge, sludge produced by employing a precipitation species like ironaluminiumsulphate, and finally, sludge subjected to biological cleaning. The way of production of the sludge influences its content of, for example, nitrogen, sulphur and chlorine, but the composition of the sludge is also influenced by the pulp and paper process. The present measurements show that the concentrations of nitrogen, sulphur and chlorine in the sludge have a great impact on the corresponding gaseous emissions from combustion. Actions to prevent these emissions could be necessary, depending on the origin of the sludge and treatment process used. In the present project all sludges were burned with wood-pellets as the main fuel under identical operating conditions, typical for a CFB boiler. Wood pellets were chosen as a well defined, low-polluting fuel that makes comparison of emissions from the sludges clear. Co-combustion with wood-pellets has the advantage of enabling operation also with wet sludges that cannot be used as single fuels without pre-drying. No actions were taken to improve sulphur and chlorine retention, by for example adding limestone. From a combustion point of view the co-combustion works well with low levels of carbon monoxide present in the flue gas and no light hydrocarbons.

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Occurrence and control of filamentous bulking in aerated wastewater treatment plants of the French paper industry

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2004.0157 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 50 (3) ◽

pp. 29-37 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

E. Fourest ◽

D. Craperi ◽

C. Deschamps-Roupert ◽

J.-L. Pisicchio ◽

G. Lenon

Keyword(s):

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽

Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽

Paper Industry ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

Pulp And Paper ◽

Operating Conditions ◽

Filamentous Bacteria ◽

Staining Techniques ◽

And Control

The occurrence of filamentous bacteria was investigated in 15 French pulp and paper activated sludge wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). Large filamentous populations were present in most of the plants. Identification carried out with conventional methods based on morphological features and staining techniques showed that the four main filamentous bacteria encountered in these industrial WWTP and responsible for bulking belong to the genera Thiothrix sp., Type 021N, Haliscomenobacter hydrossis and Type 0092. During two years a specific survey was performed for three of these WWTP showing recurrent bulking phenomena. Data from WWTP performance, chemical data and filaments characterization were compared to correlate the presence of specific filaments with process operating conditions.

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Effect of Flexing on Coated Abrasive Belt Grinding of Stainless Steel

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.126-128.133 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 126-128 ◽

pp. 133-138

Author(s):

Xavier Kennedy ◽

S. Gowri

Keyword(s):

Stainless Steel ◽

Process Parameters ◽

Design Method ◽

Signal To Noise Ratio ◽

Experimental Investigations ◽

Optimum Process ◽

Grinding Process ◽

Belt Grinding ◽

Experimental Design Method ◽

Steel Aisi

Coated abrasives are extensively used for manual operations such us cleaning, deburring, polishing, etc. With the trend towards increased production rates, demands on coated abrasive belts are becoming increasingly severe. . Experimental investigations are to be made to know the effects of the process parameters on the performance of the surface belt grinding process. It is necessary to investigate the effect of flexing along with other input process parameters on output. In the present work the Taguchi’s experimental design method is used for performing the belt grinding process on the stainless steel AISI 304 and optimizing the process parameters. Thus, this research aims at right choice of flexing and grinding parameters for the coated abrasive belts. The results were further analysed by Taguchi’s signal to noise ratio for finding the optimum process parameters.

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MENINGKATKAN MUTU PRODUK PLASTIK DENGAN METODE TAGUCHI

Jurnal Teknik Industri ◽

10.22219/jtiumm.vol13.no1.93-100 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 93 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Moh. Hartono

Keyword(s):

Tensile Strength ◽

Plastic Material ◽

Design Method ◽

Signal To Noise Ratio ◽

Waste Utilization ◽

Plastic Waste ◽

Material Composition ◽

Plastic Type ◽

Experimental Design Method

Plastic waste is one type of waste that can not be broken down into the organic waste. Utilization of waste plastics to berecycled into plastic with better quality are rarely implemented. This study aims to utilize plastic waste in order to improve the quality of plastic products by Taguchi experimental design method that combines the pure plastic material composition of ore and recycled plastic (type PP/Polypropilena) with a certain pressure and temperature to produce a tensile strength of the plastic the better. From the experimental results, obtained by a combination of material composition of 30% recycled plastic, the pressure of 6.5 atm and a temperature of 180 °C. The composition obtained by the average tensile strength of 991.667 Newton, and Signal to Noise ratio (Larger is better) by 59, 9255. Statistically, tur ulang he combination was significantly affected by alpha at 0:05 Taguchi method through experiments with a matrix orthogonal array L8 (23).

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Co-cooking nonwoods with hardwoods

TAPPI Journal ◽

10.32964/tj13.6.19 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 13 (6) ◽

pp. 19-24

Author(s):

TROY RUNGE ◽

CHUNHUI ZHANG

Keyword(s):

High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽

High Performance ◽

Paper Industry ◽

Pulp And Paper Industry ◽

Strength Properties ◽

Agricultural Residues ◽

Kraft Pulping ◽

Pulp And Paper ◽

Strength Increase ◽

Xylan Content

Agricultural residues and energy crops are promising resources that can be utilized in the pulp and paper industry. This study examines the potential of co-cooking nonwood materials with hardwoods as means to incorporate nonwood material into a paper furnish. Specifically, miscanthus, switchgrass, and corn stover were substituted for poplar hardwood chips in the amounts of 10 wt %, 20 wt %, and 30 wt %, and the blends were subjected to kraft pulping experiments. The pulps were then bleached with an OD(EP)D sequence and then refined and formed into handsheets to characterize their physical properties. Surprisingly, all three co-cooked pulps showed improved strength properties (up to 35%). Sugar measurement of the pulps by high-performance liquid chromatography suggested that the strength increase correlated with enriched xylan content.

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