scholarly journals To the Issue About the Dating of the Bolshemysskaya Culture

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 147-156
Author(s):  
Stepanova N. ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Boundary ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Reliable Data ◽  
Distribution Area ◽  
Burial Ground ◽  
Altai Mountains ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Population Groups ◽  
Ceramic Assemblages

The article deals with the problems of the chronology of the Bolshemysskaya culture, which is usually attributed to the Eneolithic era. The sites of this culture have a wide distribution area: the Barnaul-Biysk the Ob region, the Altai Mountains (Middle Katun), the upper reaches of the Alei and Northern Kulunda rivers. However, its chronological boundaries are not clearly defined, which is due to the small number of radiocarbon dates and the lack of reliable data for dating based on relative analogies. Calibration of dates from the burials of the Bolshoi Mys burial ground and Nizhnetytkesken cave-1 showed a significant range between them. An analysis of the ceramic assemblages of the Novoilinka-III settlement from Northern Kulunda revealed signs of interaction between the Cyprinsko-Penkovsky and Bolshemyssky population groups. Contacts can be traced in the ornamentation of ceramics with an object that leaves imprints similar to the ones of bird feathers, and in the addition of bird fluff to the pottery paste. Calibration of radiocarbon dates from Novoilinka-III showed that they all include 34–29 centuries BC. Based on the data obtained, the lower boundary of the Bolshemyskaya culture can be tentatively dated to the second half of the 4th millennium BC.

Characterization and Evaluation of Soil Erosion in Shenzhen: Using Environmental Radionuclides

2014 ◽  
Vol 522-524 ◽  
pp. 211-222
Author(s):  
Jun Jie Li ◽  
Ding Qiang Li ◽  
Mu Ning Zhuo
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Water Loss ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Urban Soil ◽  
Land Development ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Distribution Area ◽  
Soil And Water Loss ◽  
Unique Method ◽  
Soil And Water

Nuclear tracer technology is quantitative and it has a high priority, which provides a unique method for understanding the mechanism of urban soil and water loss.137Cs +210Pbexcombination tracer was applied to study the characterization and evaluation of soil Erosion in Shenzhen. The results indicate that the following: 1)Disturbances from urbanization has greatly changed surface soil in Shenzhen.137Cs background inventory in Shenzhen range at 99 Bq/m2-653 Bq/m2. 2)210Pbexbackground inventory increase with altitude rise, which is attributed to the movement of water vapor. 3)Soil erosion in Shenzhen has a wide distribution area and exacerbated by severe human disturbance. Land development and steep orchard are key factors that influence urban soil and water loss. 4)Shenzhen should strictly carry out projects for soil and water conservation, such as returning steep slopes into forests and grasslands, and other ecological management reforms.

New radiocarbon dates of human and bird bones from Zvejnieki Stone Age burial ground in northern Latvia

2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristiina Mannermaa ◽  
Ilga Zagorska ◽  
Högne Jungner ◽  
Gunita Zarina
Keyword(s):  
Burial Ground ◽  
Stone Age ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates

scholarly journals HASIL EKSKAVASI SITUS MALANGSARI, BANYUWANGI: “DATA BARU DOLMEN DI JAWA TIMUR”

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunadi Kasnowihardjo
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Human Remains ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Distribution Area ◽  
Archaeological Research ◽  
Coffee Plantation ◽  
The Future ◽  
Interesting Object ◽  
Archaeological Resource Management

Generally in Indonesia and especially in Java, until now, in East Java dolmens are known to be found in, which is in Bondowoso and Besuki. Lately, it is known that dolmen are also found in the area of Banyuwangi Regency. One of the monuments from this megalithic tradition found in the area of PT. Perkebunan Nusantara XII Malangsari, Banyuwangi, East Java. Based on information from the local community it is estimated that the Malangsari plantation area is the Dolmen Tomb Site. Physically, construction of the dolmen in this area only has a few interference because it is buried between 50-60 cm and covered by a coffee plantation which owned by PT. Perkebunan Nusantara XII. However, some of the dolmens have been excavated by people looters. They were able to open the dolmen tomb simply by opening a stone without unpacking its construction. Dolmen that was found from the excavation at Petak D 55 Sidomaju Block, Afdeling Mulyosari, Malangsari, are still intact if it is seen physically and from the construction, but both the human remains and artifacts ware not found. It is a proof that this dolmen has been opened before. Nevertheless, Malangsari dolmen is a very interesting object to conduct research, because of its wide distribution area and there has not been done a comprehensive research for this object. In the future, this object is important to investigate, both for the development of archaeological research, as well as for the benefit of archaeological resource management in Indonesia.Di Indonesia pada umumnya dan Jawa khususnya, selama ini diketahui bahwa dolmen banyak ditemukan di Jawa Timur, yaitu di Bondowoso dan Besuki. Akhir-akhir ini diketahui bahwa dolmen ditemukan pula di daerah Kabupaten Banyuwangi. Salah satu monumen dari tradisi megalitik ini ditemukan di kawasan PT. Perkebunan Nusantara XII Malangsari, Banyuwangi, Jawa Timur. Berdasarkan informasi dari masyarakat setempat diperkirakan bahwa kawasan Perkebunan Malangsari merupakan situs kubur dolmen. Secara fisik, konstruksi dolmen – dolmen di kawasan ini hanya sedikit mengalami gangguan karena tertimbun tanah antara 50 – 60 cm dan tertutup kebun kopi milik PT. Perkebunan Nusantara XII. Namun, rupanya sebagian dari dolmen tersebut telah digali oleh masyarakat yang bertujuan mencari harta karun. Mereka mampu membuka kubur dolmen cukup dengan membuka sebuah batu tanpa membongkar konstruksinya. Dolmen temuan hasil ekskavasi di Petak D 55 Blok Sidomaju, Afdeling Mulyosari, Malangsari, secara fisik dan konstruksi masih terlihat utuh, tetapi baik sisa rangka manusia maupun artefak bekal kuburnya tidak ditemukan. Keadaan semacam ini menunjukkan kemungkinan bahwa dolmen ini pernah dibuka. Luasnya areal sebaran serta belum dilakukannya penelitian secara menyeluruh, menjadikan dolmen Malangsari sebagai objek baru yang sangat menarik untuk diteliti lebih lanjut. Kelak di kemudian hari objek baru ini penting untuk dikaji baik bagi perkembangan penelitian arkeologi, maupun untuk kepentingan pengelolaan sumberdaya arkeologi di Indonesia.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Varied Coat Coloration in a Yellow-Throated Marten (Martes flavigula) Population

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2838
Author(s):  
Yinan Gong ◽  
Guojing Zhao ◽  
Huixin Yang ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
Mengyu Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Northeast China ◽  
National Park ◽  
Coat Color ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Adaptive Strategy ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Distribution Area ◽  
Environmental Indicator ◽  
In The Wild

Mammalian coat color is determined by heritable variations such as disease, nutrition, and hormone levels. Variation in animal coat color is also considered an environmental indicator and provides clues for the study of population genetics and biogeography. Records of abnormal coloration in the wild are rare, not only because it is often selected against, but also because of the difficulties in detection of the phenomenon. We used long-term camera-trapping data to first report abnormal coat coloration in yellow-throated marten (Martes flavigula) in China. Six types of abnormal coloration were found only in the Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park, Northeast China, which were not reported in other regions in China. A total of 268 videos of Martes flavigula contained normal coloration, 455 videos of individuals of the species contained abnormal coloration, 437 contained the ‘gloving’ type (martens with de-pigmented front toes, paws or lower forelimbs), while the remaining other 18 videos contained five types (different degrees of white-spotting and dilution). The higher relative abundance index (0.428, ‘gloving’ to 0.329, normal) and wide distribution area of the ‘gloving’ type indicated that this abnormal coat coloration type is usual in Northeast China, which may reflect genetic variability in the local population. These records will contribute to further research on animal coat color and its corresponding adaptive strategy.

scholarly journals Bracelet from an Elunino burial at the Teleut Vzvoz-I site

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-14
Author(s):  
I.A. Valkov
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Trace Analysis ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Burial Ground ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
The Bronze Age

The article studies a stone bead bracelet found in an Early Bronze Age burial of the Elunino archaeological culture during the excavation of the Teleut Vzvoz-I burial ground (heterogeneous in time) in the south of Western Siberia (Forest-Steppe Altai). According to a series of calibrated radiocarbon dates, the Elunino burial ground at the Teleut Vzvoz-I site was used in the 22nd–18th centuries BC. The artefact under study was found in double burial No. 16 of the indicated burial ground, on the wrist of an adult (gender is not established). The bracelet in-cludes 66 stone beads, as well as one stone base. This piece of jewellery is unique in terms of technique, as well as the sacral meaning embedded in it. The ornament found on the beads bears no analogies to those discovered in the well-known Bronze Age archaeological sites of Western and Eastern Siberia. The present publication con-siders the morphological and raw material characteristics of the bracelet, as well as the specifics of its production and use. In this study, trace analysis was performed, i.e. the analysis of macro- and micro-traces left on the sur-face of the item as a result of its production and subsequent use. All traces were examined using an MBS-10 stereoscopic microscope at a magnification of ×16–56. It was found that some of the beads in the bracelet were made of serpentinite. The nearest sources of this stone are at least 250–300 km away from Teleut Vzvoz-I. The beads are made by counter-drilling, drilling of blind holes, polishing and grinding. This find is unique due to orna-mental compositions found on several beads in the form of oblique notches on side faces. The extremely small size of the beads (average diameter of 3.3 mm; average thickness of 1.4 mm) makes the pattern invisible to the naked eye. Thus, it is concluded that the ornament had a sacred meaning, and the bracelet itself served as an amulet. Despite no finds of ornamented bracelets dating back to the Bronze Age in Western Siberia and adjacent territories, typologically the bracelet bears analogies to the antiquities of the Okunevo culture, the Yamna cultural and historical community, as well as in the materials of the Bronze Age archaeological site of Gonur Depe (Turk-menistan). The study of the bracelet demonstrates the relevance of performing trace analysis of such items from other archaeological sites.

scholarly journals Dromos burials of the saka time in the Nazar site (Central Kazakhstan)

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-93
Author(s):  
Arman Ziyadenovich Beisenov
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Burial Ground ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Cultural Traditions ◽  
Funeral Rite ◽  
The People ◽  
Burial Grounds

In recent years, numerous new sites of Tasmola culture have been studied. New materials significantly supplement the existing ideas about the culture of the population of Central Kazakhstan of Saka era. The present article focuses on three monuments of the early Saka time studied by the author in the Nazar site in Central Kazakhstan. This kurgan with stone ridges Nazar and two other kurgans compose the burial ground Nazar-2. The monument is located in the Karaganda region, which is geographically an eastern part of the Kazakh hills. In addition to the studied objects on the coast of the river Nazar, there are three unexplored burial grounds of the Saka era. All structures of these burial grounds, including those which have not been excavated yet, can be combined by common external features. As a result of excavations graves with dromos oriented to the east were discovered in all three mounds. The diameters of the kurgans are 20-23 m, their height is 1,5-1,7 m. A bronze arrowhead of the early Saka type was found in kurgan 1 of the burial ground Nazar-2. Such monuments, which are characterized by a large size and complex structure, belong to the early stage of Tasmola culture - VIII-VI cc. BC. Three radiocarbon dates obtained on bone samples from mounds № 1 and № 2 of burial ground Nazar-2 in the laboratories of the Royal University of Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom and the University of Miami, USA do not contradict that. According to the author, such detail of the funeral rite as dromos oriented to the east, can be genetically traced back to the cultural traditions of the people of the late Bronze Age in Central Kazakhstan. Tasmola culture of Central Kazakhstan was opened in 1960. New materials largely complement the existing ideas about this culture.

scholarly journals Radiocarbon Dates from American Samoa

Radiocarbon ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey T. Clark
Keyword(s):  
American Samoa ◽  
Archaeological Research ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Settlement System ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
European Contact ◽  
Western Samoa ◽  
Ceramic Components ◽  
Ceramic Assemblages ◽  
Key Sites

Between 1988 and 1991, I directed five archaeological research projects in American Samoa. The goal of that research was to reveal changes in the prehistoric settlement system of Samoa, from initial colonization of the archipelago to the time of significant European contact. The chronological placement of key sites was an essential facet of the research. A secondary goal was to locate sites with ceramic components, particularly sites with Lapita ceramics, and relate the ceramic assemblages typologically and chronologically to those known for Western Samoa. These investigations generated 16 14C dates from archaeological contexts. I present here the previously unpublished 14C data from those samples, and briefly summarize their importance for understanding Samoan prehistory.

Distribution and trypanosome infection rates ofGlossina morsitans submorsitansNewst. along a trade cattle route in south-western Nigeria

1969 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 537-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. T. Baldry
Keyword(s):  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Reliable Data ◽  
Tsetse Flies ◽  
Trypanosoma Vivax ◽  
Trypanosome Infection ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Glossina Morsitans ◽  
Glossina Morsitans Submorsitans ◽  
Open Woodland

The distribution and trypanosome infection rates ofGlossina morsitans submorsitansNewst. were studied during the wet season of 1967 along 75 miles of the main trade cattle route which passes through the savannah country between Ilorin and Oyo in south-western Nigeria.G.m. submorsitanswas found inhabiting open woodland, grassland, farmland and the environs of towns associated with the cattle route. In comparison with the types of habitat this species occupies in its zone of wide distribution in northern Nigeria, those habitats studied were considered atypical. It is suggested that the presence ofG.m. submorsitansin the area investigated had resulted from a southward population advance over the last 50 years and this hypothesis is discussed in relation to existing knowledge ofG.m. submorsitansadvances.The trypanosome infection rates of 61.6 and 76.6 per cent, found in 364 examples ofG.m. submorsitansdissected are much higher than previously recorded for any of the subspecies ofG. morsitansWestw. A steady southward increase in the trypanosome infection rates ofG.m. submorsitanswas demonstrated for populations inhabiting 200 miles of cattle route. Trypanosome infections inG.m. submorsitansare attributed toTrypanosoma vivaxandT. congolense, and the absence ofbrucei-group infections is discussed in relation to the incidence ofT. bruceiinfections in trade cattle and limitations of the technique used for demonstrating infections in tsetse flies.It is stressed that epizootiological aspects of the present findings cannot be clarified until reliable data on trypanosome infections of trade cattle in the area studied are available.

scholarly journals Study of the limits of resistance of endophytic fungi Fusarium equiseti and Cylindrocarpon magnusianum to the action of copper and chromium (VI)

2021 ◽  
Vol 296 ◽  
pp. 04001
Author(s):  
Nadezhda Islamova ◽  
Irina Bukharina ◽  
Anastasiya Isupova
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Plant Resistance ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Distribution Area ◽  
Fusarium Equiseti ◽  
Chromium Vi

Endophytic fungi are promising subjects for study as agents for increasing plant resistance. They have a wide distribution area, diverse morphology and are able to adapt to stressful environmental conditions. We have carried out studies on the effect of different concentrations of copper and chromium on the growth of endophytic fungi Fusarium equiseti and Cylindrocarpon magnusianum. The results showed that these micromycetes are able to adapt to a high content of heavy metals in the environment and, therefore, can be used in the development of technologies for increasing plant resistance.

scholarly journals Cultural attribution vs radiocarbon chronology (on the example of materials from the Bronze Age burial ground of Shatmantamak I)

2020 ◽  
pp. 31-39
Author(s):  
A.V. Epimakhov ◽  
A.D. Tairov ◽  
M.G. Epimakhova
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Specific Area ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
Burial Ground ◽  
Late Bronze Age ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
The Bronze Age

The article presents the results of excavations at the Shatmantamak I burial ground located in steppe zone of the Southern Urals (south-west of the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia). The materials of the site combine the features of the Late Bronze Age Srubnaya and Alakul archaeological cultures dated to the first half of the 2nd mil. cal BC. With this work, we aimed to test the interpretation possibilities for the obtained materials, proceed-ing from their chronological sequence, rather than cultural attribution. Three mounds comprising seven burial structures of the Bronze Age (three above ground and four burial pits) have been excavated. The main procedure of treating the dead was inhumation on the left side (with the single exception on the right side) with their heads orientated towards the northern sector with deviations to the east. All graves contained single adult individuals, except one with the skeletons of two children. One of the burials is clearly distinctive, with the deceased set in sitting position. The grave goods included ceramic vessels and a single bone pommel. A series of radiocarbon dates (n = 4), stable nitrogen and carbon isotope analysis, along with the analysis of the context, allowed us to propose the scenario of utilisation of the site in the Bronze Age. The sequence of building of kurgans and individ-ual burials has been determined. For a long period (20th–17th c. cal BC), they combined features of the Alakul and Srubnaya cultural traditions within the same cemetery, or even mound. Syncretic sites represent a typical phe-nomenon for the Late Bronze Age of the Southern Urals and adjacent territories. Despite the differences in the chronology and cultural features (pottery and funeral rite) of the Shatmantamak I burial ground, a high stability of the nutrition system has been revealed, which was based on the products of complex husbandry. This brings us to the assumption that the identified cultural mosaicism was determined not by the mobility and interaction of groups with different traditions, but by their joint or parallel habitation in a specific area.

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