scholarly journals Metallurgical Joining of Magnesium Alloys by the FSW Process

10.14311/1602 ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomáš Kupec ◽  
Ivana Hlavačová ◽  
Milan Turňa
Keyword(s):  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Optical Microscopy ◽  
Magnesium Alloys ◽  
Welded Joints ◽  
Fusion Welding ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Welding Technology ◽  
Joint Quality

This paper deals with welding AZ 31Mg alloy by FSW (Friction Stir Welding) technology. Welds were fabricated with new equipment supplied from China for VUZ-PI Bratislava (Welding Research Institute — Industrial Institute). Welding parameters and conditions were proposed and tested. Joint quality was assessed by optical microscopy and microhardness measurements. The fabricated joints were sound, apart from minor inhomogeneities (cracks). It is considered that after certain adaptations of the welding parameters, and perhaps also of the welding tool, that this equipment will be capable of producing welded joints of excellent quality that can compete with any fusion welding technologies, including concentrated power sources.

Friction Stir Welding of Mg and Al Alloys

2014 ◽  
Vol 875-877 ◽  
pp. 1477-1482
Author(s):  
Tomáš Kupec ◽  
Ivana Hlaváčová ◽  
Milan Turňa
Keyword(s):  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Hardness Measurement ◽  
Fusion Welding ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Alloy Type ◽  
Equipment Type

The work deals with welding of aluminium alloy typeAlMg4,5Mn and magnesium alloy type AZ 31 in solid state by FSW (Friction Stir Welding) process. Experiments were performed in cooperation with VÚZ PI SR (Welding Research Institute Industrial Institute of Slovak Republic) Bratislava, which has available a new installed equipment type FSW LM 060 manufactured in China. Welding parameters and conditions were proposed and approved. Quality of fabricated joints was assessed by optical microscopy, micro hardness measurement and radiographic test - RT. It was supposed that optimisation of welding parameters would allow to fabricate the joints of acceptable quality that might compete to technologies of fusion welding, including welding with concentrated power sources.

scholarly journals The Effects of In-Process Cooling during Friction Stir Welding of 7475 Aluminium Alloy

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (9) ◽  
pp. 2743-2754
Author(s):  
Ashish Jacob ◽  
Sachin Maheshwari ◽  
Arshad Noor Siddiquee ◽  
Abdulrahman Al-Ahmari ◽  
Mustufa Haider Abidi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Welded Joints ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Fusion Welding ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Cooling Conditions ◽  
Zero Degree ◽  
Welding Technique

Certain age hardenable alloys such as AA7475 cannot be joined with perfection using fusion welding techniques. This requires non-conventional welding technique such as friction stir welding process to join these ‘difficult to weld’ alloys. In this study, three different cooling conditions i.e. cryogenic, sub-zero, and zero-degree Celsius temperature conditions have been analyzed to understand its impact on the welding process. In-process cooling was found to behave effectively and also enhanced the mechanical properties of the welded joints. A stable microstructure was clearly seen in the images observed under the metallurgical microscope. The weld efficiencies were found to be good in each of the samples which are indicative of a strong metallic joint. The effective cooling conditions employed had an overall positive impact on the joint.

A Study on Friction Stir Welding Process for AA2219/AA2195 Joints

2018 ◽  
Vol 762 ◽  
pp. 339-342
Author(s):  
Ho Sung Lee ◽  
Koo Kil No ◽  
Joon Tae Yoo ◽  
Jong Hoon Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Welded Joints ◽  
Rotation Speed ◽  
Microstructural Analysis ◽  
Frictional Heat ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Manufacturing Cost ◽  
Significant Saving ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Rotation Direction

The object of this study was to study mechanical properties of friction stir welded joints of AA2219 and AA2195. AA2219 has been used as an aerospace materials for many years primarily due to its high weldability and high specific strength in addition to the excellent cryogenic property so to be successfully used for manufacturing of cryogenic fuel tank for space launcher. Relatively new Aluminum-Lithium alloy, AA2195 provides significant saving on weight and manufacturing cost with application of friction stir welding. Friction stir welding is a solid-state joining process, which use a spinning tool to produce frictional heat in the work piece. To investigate the effect of the rotation direction of the tool, the joining was performed by switching the positions of the two dissimilar alloys. The welding parameters include the travelling speed, rotation speed and rotation direction of the tool, and the experiment was conducted under the condition that the travelling speed of the tool was 120-300 mm/min and the rotation speed of the tool was 400-800 rpm. Tensile tests were conducted to study the strength of friction stir welded joints and microhardness were measured with microstructural analysis. The results indicate the failure occurred in the relatively weaker TMAZ/HAZ interface of AA2219. The optimum process condition was obtained at the rotation speed of 600-800 rpm and the travelling speed of 180-240 mm/min.

Effect of double-sided friction stir welding on the mechanical and microstructural characteristics of AA5754 aluminium alloy

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (9) ◽  
pp. 829-835
Author(s):  
Sare Çelik ◽  
Fatmagül Tolun
Keyword(s):  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Al Alloys ◽  
Fusion Welding ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Al Alloy ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Feeding Rates ◽  
Microstructural Characteristics ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Tool Tilt Angle

Abstract AA5754Al alloy is widely used in industry. However, as in the case of all Al alloys, the 5xxx series Al alloys cannot be easily joined through fusion welding techniques. To address this problem, in this study, the effect of double-sided friction stir welding at various tool rotational speeds (450, 710, and 900 rpm), feeding rates (40, 50, and 80 mm × min-1), and tool tilt angles (0°, 1°, 2°) on the welding parameters and mechanical and microstructural characteristics of AA5754 Al alloy was determined. Tensile strength tests and microhardness tests were performed to examine the mechanical properties of the welded specimens. The microstructures of the welded zone were examined by obtaining optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy images. The tensile test results indicated that the specimens exhibited the highest welding performance of 95.17 % at a tool rotational speed, feed rate, and tool tilt angle of 450 rpm, 50 mm × min-1 and 1°, respectively.

Influence of Tool Rotational Speed on the Mechanical Properties of Friction Stir Welded Al-Cu-Li Alloy

2016 ◽  
Vol 857 ◽  
pp. 228-231
Author(s):  
Ho Sung Lee ◽  
Ye Rim Lee ◽  
Kyung Ju Min
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Space Shuttle ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Fusion Welding ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Mechanical And Microstructural Properties ◽  
Tool Rotation

Aluminum-Lithium alloys have been found to exhibit superior mechanical properties as compared to the conventional aerospace aluminum alloys in terms of high strength, high modulus, low density, good corrosion resistance and fracture toughness at cryogenic temperatures. Even though they do not form low-melting eutectics during fusion welding, there are still problems like porosity, solidification cracking, and loss of lithium. This is why solid state friction stir welding is important in this alloy. It is known that using Al-Cu-Li alloy and friction stir welding to super lightweight external tank for space shuttle, significant weight reduction has been achieved. The objective of this paper is to investigate the effect of friction stir tool rotation speed on mechanical and microstructural properties of Al-Cu-Li alloy. The plates were joined with friction stir welding process using different tool rotation speeds (300-800 rpm) and welding speeds (120-420 mm/min), which are the two prime welding parameters in this process.

Review on Research Status of Friction Stir Welding Technology

2011 ◽  
Vol 335-336 ◽  
pp. 379-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
De Fen Zhang ◽  
Fei Long ◽  
Xiao Wen Chen ◽  
Xiang Qian Wen ◽  
Hong Song Luo
Keyword(s):  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Magnesium Alloys ◽  
Aluminium Alloys ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Development Prospect ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Research Status ◽  
Welding Technology ◽  
Joining Technology

Friction stir welding(FSW) as a new，environmental and energy-saving solid phase joining technology has become the focus of research in the welding field at home and abroad in recent years. The technical characteristics，microstructure and application status of Friction Stir Welding were elaborated in this paper，meanwhile the studying situation of Friction stir welding for aluminium alloys, magnesium alloys and so on was stated. Finally development prospect of FSW in welding field was analyzed.

scholarly journals Experimental Review on Friction Stir Welding of Aluminium Alloys with Nanoparticles

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 390
Author(s):  
Cyril Vimalraj ◽  
Paul Kah
Keyword(s):  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Dissimilar Materials ◽  
Strengthening Mechanism ◽  
High Heat ◽  
Fusion Welding ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Joint Properties ◽  
Weld Properties ◽  
Welding Processes

To reduce environmental impacts and ensure competitiveness, the fabrication and construction sectors focus on minimizing energy and material usage, which leads to design requirements for complex structures by joining of similar and dissimilar materials. Meeting these industrial demands requires compatible materials with improved properties such as good weight-to-strength ratios, where aluminum (Al) and its alloys are competing candidates for various complex applications. However, joining Al with fusion welding processes leads to joint deterioration. Friction stir welding (FSW) produces joints at temperatures below the melting temperature, thus avoiding flaws associated with high heat input, yet requires improvement in the resultant joint properties. Recent studies have shown that nanoparticle reinforcement in FSW joints can improve weld properties. The main focus of this study is to critically review similar and dissimilar friction stir welding of AA5083 and AA6082 with carbide and oxide nanoparticle reinforcement. The study also discusses the effect of welding parameters on reinforcement particles and the effect of nanoparticle reinforcement on weld microstructure and properties, as well as development trends using nanoparticles in FSW. Analysis shows that friction stir welding parameters have a significant influence on the dispersion of the reinforcement nanoparticles, which contributes to determining the joint properties. Moreover, the distributed nanoparticles aid in grain refinement and improve joint properties. The type, amount and size of reinforcement nanoparticles together with the welding parameters significantly influence the joint properties and microstructures in similar and dissimilar Al welds. However, research is still required to determine the strengthening mechanism used by nanoparticles and to assess other nanoparticle additions in FSW of Al alloys.

scholarly journals Optimization of Process Parameters for Friction Stir Welding of Dissimilar Aluminium Alloy AA6061 to AA5183 using TOPSIS Technique

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9S3) ◽  
pp. 1315-1319
Keyword(s):  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Aluminium Alloy ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Transverse Velocity ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Fusion Welding ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Optimum Process ◽  
Tool Rotational Speed ◽  
Friction Stir

Friction stir welding has proven to be the most promising solid state joining process. It can be used to get high weldability in joining of high strength aerospace aluminium alloys and other metallic alloys which used to be low with traditional fusion welding process. This paper emphasises on finding the optimum process parameter for friction stir welding of dissimilar aluminium alloy AA6061 to AA5183 using multi criteria decision making method (MCDM). Friction stir welding was done at different tool rotational speed and transverse velocity and mechanical properties such as tensile strength, percentage elongation and hardness were studied for each weld specimen. Finally optimization was done using TOPSIS (Techniqueof Ordered Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution). The result revealed that the tool rotational speed of 1200 rpm and welding speed of 80mm/min are the optimum welding parameters.

Effect of Welding Parameters on AA8090 Al-Li Alloy FSW T-Joints

2013 ◽  
Vol 554-557 ◽  
pp. 985-995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrico Lertora ◽  
Chiara Mandolfino ◽  
Carla Gambaro
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
T Joints ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
High Strength Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Welding Technology

In aeronautics and aerospace construction, whenever a seam is needed between aluminum alloy parts, riveting, nailing or bolting are the preferred methods of junction. Friction stir welding technology has made possible the realization of high strength aluminum alloy joints, which are normally considered non-weldable with conventional welding techniques.

On the friction stir welding, tool design optimization, and strain rate-dependent mechanical properties of HDPE–ceramic composite joints

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kabeer Raza ◽  
Muhammad Shamir ◽  
Muhammad Kashan Akhtar Qureshi ◽  
Abdul Shaafi Shaikh ◽  
Muhammad Zain-ul-abdein
Keyword(s):  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Welded Joints ◽  
Tool Design ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Composite Joints ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Composite Joint ◽  
Joint Efficiency

Friction stir welding is a recently developed technique for joining low-melting metals and polymers. In the present work, friction stir welded joints of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) sheets were produced using a newly designed tool with a concave shoulder and a grooved conical pin. The joints were produced with and without the additions of ceramic particulates including silicon carbide (SiC), alumina, graphite, and silica. The effect of strain rate on the tensile properties of base material and plain welded joints was examined. In addition to tensile properties of composite joints, hardness profiles across the weld nugget were analyzed. It was observed that the increasing strain rate improved both the tensile strength and the ductility of the plain welded joints. The tool was able to yield a joint efficiency of around 84% in the plain welded samples. Although, in terms of joint efficiency, the composite joints were less efficient than the plain welded HDPE, SiC additions were found to yield better material properties relative to other reinforcements. Finally, it was concluded that an SiC–HDPE composite joint can be of practical importance in high strain rate applications, provided the optimum tool design and stir welding parameters are available.

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