scholarly journals Genetic Variants of Milk Protein Genes and Their Association with Milk Components in Holstein Friesian Cattle

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Santiananda Arta Asmarasari ◽  
Cece Sumantri ◽  
A Gunawan ◽  
E Taufik ◽  
Anneke Anggraeni
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variants ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Method ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Measuring Device ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Milk Protein Genes ◽  
Milk Component

Protein content in milk is an important indicator of milk. Accordingly, genetic improvement to produce Holstein Friesian (HF) dairy cattle is important. The objective of this study was to evaluate the genetic variant of milk protein genes and its effect on milk component traits of Holstein Friesian (HF). A total of 100 HF were used in this study. The HF cattle used have physiological status in the lactation period 1 up to 3 and lactation change of 1 up to 12 months. Genotype variants of milk protein genes were identified using Real Time-Polymerase Chain Reaction method.  Analysis of milk component was carried out covering the component of protein, fat, lactose, and solid non-fat (SNF) by using a milk quality measuring device (Lactoscan). Genotyping of cattle blood samples consisted of DNA extraction, genes amplification using the RT-PCR method. The result showed that<strong> </strong>protein milk was significantly affected (p&lt;0.05) by the genetic variants of CSN1S1-192 and CSN2-67 genes. Fat milk was significantly affected (p&lt;0.05) by the genetic variants of CSN1S1-192 and CSN3 genes.  Meanwhile, solid non-fat milk was significantly affected (p&lt;0.05) by the genetic variants of CSN-BMC9215, CSN-BMC6334, CSN1S1-14618, CSN2_67, and CSN3 genes. Lactose milk was significantly affected (p&lt;0.05) by the genetic variants of CSN-BMC9215 and CSN2-67 genes. It was concluded that genetic variants of the milk protein genes have an association with the component of cow's milk (protein, fat, solid non-fat, and lactose).

scholarly journals Genetic Variants of k-Casein and β-Lactoglobulin Genes and Their Association with Protein and Milk Components of Holstein Friesian Cows at Small Farmers in Lembang, West Java

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anggraeni Anggraeni ◽  
A. Anneke ◽  
H.S. Nury ◽  
E. Andreas ◽  
C. Sumantri
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variants ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Restriction Enzymes ◽  
Dairy Farmers ◽  
West Java ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Milk Components ◽  
Milk Component ◽  
Β Lactoglobulin

Genetic variants of CSN3 and LGB genes and their effects on protein and milk components were studied in Holstein Friesian at small dairy farmers in Lembang District, West Java, Indonesia.  Allelic variants were identified by PCR-RFLP technique using restriction enzymes of Pst I for the CSN3 gene and Hae III for the LGB gene.  The CSN3 gene was dominated by AB genotype.   Milk protein was not affected by genotypes of the two genes.  Only fat content was significantly affected (P <0.05) by the CSN3 gene with AB cows having the highest fat to AA and BB cows (3.76% vs. 3.26% and 3.34%). Keywords: CSN3 gene; LGB gene; milk protein; and milk component.

scholarly journals Effect of clinical mastitis at Holstein-Friesian cows on the farm economic efficiency

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 375-378
Author(s):  
K. Stankov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Performance ◽  
Cost Efficiency ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Purchase Price ◽  
The Third ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Friesian Cows

Abstract. A study was conducted on the effect of clinical mastitis at Holstein-Friesian cows on the economic performance of dairy farms with different capacity. The study included three high-capacity farms in Bulgaria. The cows in all three farms are free-stall reared (freely in groups) and fed total mixed rations (TMR), in accordance with the animals’ milk yields, with milking performed at a milking parlor. In each farm, the cows were separated into two groups – ones affected by clinical mastitis and healthy cows throughout the entire 305-day lactation period. The results from the study indicated that dairy capacity was high for both groups, with 7567.5 kg for the healthy cows during the 305-day period, and 7429.7 kg for the afflicted ones. The fat content of milk from healthy cows was 3.5% with 3.24% milk protein, with the values being 3.43% and 3.18%, respectively, for the afflicted cows. The cows with mastitis in the three studied farms exhibited lowered economic results. Profit from the healthy cows was higher, by 8.4% in the third farm up to 21.2% for the second farm, compared to the results for the affected cows. Cost-efficiency is also higher for the healthy cows, and the production cost of 1 kg of milk was lower, which was due to the higher marketing of milk for processing and the better purchase price. Apart from the worse economic performance of the cows affected by clinical mastitis, their productive longevity and total lifetime utilization registered at the time of culling was reduced from 8.2% for the second up to 12.6% for the first farm.

scholarly journals The Polymorphism in Various Milk Protein Genes in Polish Holstein-Friesian Dairy Cattle

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 389
Author(s):  
Magdalena Kolenda ◽  
Beata Sitkowska
Keyword(s):  
Milk Protein ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Black And White ◽  
The Past ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Milk Protein Genes ◽  
Beta Casein ◽  
Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium ◽  
Genotype And Allele Frequencies

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the genotype and allele frequencies of 24 polymorphisms in casein alpha S1 (CSN1S1), casein alpha S2 (CSN1S2), beta-casein (CSN2), kappa-casein (CSN3), and progestagen-associated endometrial protein (PAEP) genes. The study included 1900 Polish Black and White Holstein-Friesian dairy cows that were subjected to genotyping via microarrays. A total of 24 SNPs (Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms) within tested genes were investigated. Two CSN1S1 SNPs were monomorphic, while allele CSN1S1_3*G in CSN1S1_3 SNP dominated with a frequency of 99.39%. Out of seven CSN2 SNPs, four were polymorphic; however, only for CSN2_3 all three genotypes were detected. Only three out of nine SNPs within CSN3 were monomorphic. Three PAEP SNPs were also found to be polymorphic with heterozygotes being most frequent. Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) was observed for eight variants. It was shown that only CSN3_6 was not in HWE. The fact that many of investigated SNPs were monomorphic may suggest that in the past the reproduction program favored one of these genotypes. SNPs that are included in commercially available microarrays should be monitored in relation to changes in their frequencies. If a SNP has turned monomorphic, maybe it should be considered for removal from the microarray.

Identification and in silico characterization of structural and functional impacts of genetic variants in milk protein genes in the Zebu breeds Guzerat and Gyr

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Guimarães Ramos Matosinho ◽  
Izinara Cruz Rosse ◽  
Pablo Augusto Souza Fonseca ◽  
Francislon Silva de Oliveira ◽  
Fausto Gonçalves dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variants ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Milk Protein Genes ◽  
In Silico Characterization

scholarly journals Multiple Effects of Genetic Background on Variegated Transgene Expression in Mice

Genetics ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 160 (3) ◽  
pp. 1107-1112
Author(s):  
Margaret L Opsahl ◽  
Margaret McClenaghan ◽  
Anthea Springbett ◽  
Sarah Reid ◽  
Richard Lathe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transgene Expression ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Position Effect ◽  
Position Effect Variegation ◽  
Parental Population ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Variable Expression ◽  
Specific Effects ◽  
Milk Protein Genes ◽  
Β Lactoglobulin

Abstract BLG/7 transgenic mice express an ovine β-lactoglobulin transgene during lactation. Unusually, transgene expression levels in milk differ between siblings. This variable expression is due to variegated transgene expression in the mammary gland and is reminiscent of position-effect variegation. The BLG/7 line was created and maintained on a mixed CBA × C57BL/6 background. We have investigated the effect on transgene expression of backcrossing for 13 generations into these backgrounds. Variable transgene expression was observed in all populations examined, confirming that it is an inherent property of the transgene array at its site of integration. There were also strain-specific effects on transgene expression that appear to be independent of the inherent variegation. The transgene, compared to endogenous milk protein genes, is specifically susceptible to inbreeding depression. Outcrossing restored transgene expression levels to that of the parental population; thus suppression was not inherited. Finally, no generation-dependent decrease in mean expression levels was observed in the parental population. Thus, although the BLG/7 transgene is expressed in a variegated manner, there was no generation-associated accumulated silencing of transgene expression.

scholarly journals The value of the portable fibrinogen measuring device—a case report of severe postpartum hemorrhage with obstetric disseminated intravascular coagulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoko Hikida ◽  
Hiroyuki Sumikura ◽  
Hisako Okada ◽  
Takashi Fujino ◽  
Mayumi Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Postpartum Hemorrhage ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Fresh Frozen Plasma ◽  
Fibrinogen Concentration ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Measuring Device ◽  
Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Estimated Blood Loss ◽  
Care Assessment

Abstract Background Fibrinogen concentration is an important indicator of the treatment for obstetric disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). We present how using the fibrinogen measuring device could solve problems in the treatment of postpartum hemorrhage with complicated DIC. Case presentation A 32-year-old woman with monochorionic diamniotic twins at 22 weeks of pregnancy was diagnosed with placental abruption and underwent emergent cesarean section. The estimated blood loss was 8375 g. She was transferred to our hospital for further treatment. Compressive uterine sutures and balloon tamponade were performed. We transfused fibrinogen and fresh frozen plasma actively during the operation to maintain plasma fibrinogen above 200 mg/dL by using a point-of-care fibrinogen measuring device. In spite of massive hemorrhage exceeding 10 L, she was extubated at the end of the operation and discharged on the 7th day after the operation. Conclusion The portable fibrinogen measuring device was useful for point-of-care assessment of obstetric DIC.

Acidogenicity of feeds for dairy cows. 2. Production responses

1998 ◽  
Vol 1998 ◽  
pp. 206-206
Author(s):  
R.J. Dewhurst ◽  
D. Wadhwa ◽  
L.P. Borgida ◽  
D.W.R. Davies ◽  
W.J. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Latin Squares ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Lactation Performance ◽  
Maize Silage ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Friesian Cows

Falling prices for cereals and beneficial effects on milk protein concentrations may promote greater inclusions of rapidly fermented ingredients in dairy rations. There is, however, a limit to the inclusion of these feeds into dairy rations beyond which performance declines due to sub-acidosis and related disorders. The feed compounder will need to be able to set limits on levels of feeding concentrates according to these risks. The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of feeds of different acidogenicity (Wadhwa et al., 1998) on lactation performance of dairy cows offered diets based on grass- or maize-silage.Twelve multiparous Holstein-Friesian cows in the third month of lactation were used for this experiment. The experimental design involved adaptation and covariance recording on a standard diet (grass silage and 10 kg concentrates per day), followed by three 21-day experimental periods arranged as four 3x3 Latin Squares. The Latin Squares were constrained to a single forage to avoid difficulties in changeovers between grass silage and maize silage.

Replacing wheat with canola meal and maize grain in the diet of lactating dairy cows: Feed intake, milk production and cow condition responses

2017 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 240-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruairi P McDonnell ◽  
Martin vH Staines
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Canola Meal ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Maize Grain ◽  
The Difference

This research paper describes the effect of partially replacing wheat with maize grain and canola meal on milk production and body condition changes in early lactation Holstein-Friesian dairy cows consuming a grass silage-based diet over an 83-d period. Two groups of 39 cows were stratified for age, parity, historical milk yield and days in milk (DIM), and offered one of two treatment diets. The first treatment (CON) reflected a typical diet used by Western Australian dairy producers in summer and comprised (kg DM/cow per d); 8 kg of annual ryegrass silage, 6 kg of crushed wheat (provided once daily in a mixed ration), 3·6 kg of crushed lupins (provided in the milking parlour in two daily portions) and ad libitum lucerne haylage. The second treatment diet (COMP) was identical except the 6 kg of crushed wheat was replaced by 6 kg of a more complex concentrate mix (27% crushed wheat, 34% maize grain and 37% canola meal). Lucerne haylage was provided independently in the paddock to all cows, and no pasture was available throughout the experiment. The COMP group had a greater mean overall daily intake (22·5vs20·4 kg DM/cow) and a higher energy corrected milk (ECM) yield (29·2vs27·1 kg/cow;P= 0·047) than the CON cows. The difference in overall intake was caused by a higher daily intake of lucerne haylage in COMP cows (4·5vs2·3 kg DM/cow). The CON group had a higher concentration of milk fat (42·1vs39·3 g/kg;P= 0·029) than COMP cows. Milk protein yield was greater in COMP cows (P< 0·021); however, milk fat yield was unaffected by treatment. It is concluded that partially replacing wheat with canola meal and maize grain in a grass silage-based diet increases voluntary DMI of conserved forage and consequently yields of ECM and milk protein.

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