scholarly journals The value of the simultaneous determination of content glycated proteins and antibodies to islet cells in children and adolescents

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 6-9
Author(s):  
M. A. Aikhodzhaeva ◽  
G. N. Rakhimova ◽  
Z. S. Akbarov ◽  
M. V. Zalyalieva ◽  
Sh. U. Akhmedova
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Islet Cells ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances ◽  
Pancreatic Islet Cell ◽  
Glycated Proteins ◽  
History Of

An assessment was made of the potentiality of identification of individuals at risk for type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) among children with transient hyperglycemia by simultaneously determining the levels of antibodies to pancreatic islet cell antigens (ICA) and insulin antigen (IA), as well as glycated proteins of different life span. The content of antibodies to ICA and IA was measured in 76 children and adolescents aged 3 to 20 years who had a history of transient hyperglycemia and in 18 children of the same age who had DM-characteristic complaints. They also underwent a glucose tolerance test and the levels of glycated hemoglobin (HbAlc), glycated hair keratin (GHK), and glycated fibrinogen (GF) were de­termined. The children with a history of transient hyperglycemia, those with impaired glucose tolerance, and a group of individuals with fasting glycemic disturbances were found to have higher levels of glycated proteins (GHK and HbAlc) and a significantly more frequency of and higher titers of antibodies to IS and ICA than in the children from the control group and in those without carbohydrate metabolic disturbances.

Antidiabetic Effects of Ethanolic Extract of Ficus glomerata (L.) Roots

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-41
Author(s):  
Mohini C. Upadhye ◽  
Uday Deokate ◽  
Rohini Pujari ◽  
Vishnu Thakare
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Ficus Glomerata

Background: Ficus glomerata (F. glomerata) Linn. Family Moraceace is a large tree found all over India including outer Himalayan ranges, Punjab, Chota Nagpur, Bihar, Orissa, West Bengal, Rajasthan, Deccan and also as a common plant in South India. It is planted around the home and temples. It is cultivated throughout the year, distributed in evergreen forests and moist localities. Objective: The Ethanolic Extract of roots of F. Glomerata (EEFG) belonging to the family Moraceace, was investigated for its antidiabetic activity using alloxan induced diabetic rats. Methods: Thirty rats were divided into 5 groups having 6 rats in each group. The alloxan was administered to the rats of all groups except normal control group through intraperitoneal route at a concentration of 140mg/kg body weight. A dose of 100mg/kg and 200 mg/kg body weight of EEFG was administered to alloxan induced diabetic rats. The administration of the extract was lasted for 11 days. Effectiveness of the extract on glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, and high density lipoprotein and protein concentrations was analyzed. Results: Significant (p<0.05) reduction in the levels of glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride of the diabetic rats was observed after treatment with ethanolic extract. After subjecting to oral glucose tolerance test EEFG also showed significant improvement in glucose tolerance. Conclusion: F. glomerata root ethanolic extract showed that it possesses antidiabetic effect and can be found useful for the management of diabetes mellitus.

POSSIBILITIES OF A LABORATORY TEST BASED ON THE DETERMINATION OF THE T-CELL RESPONSE TO STIMULATION WITH SPECIFIC CFP10 AND ESAT6 ANTIGENS IN THE DETECTION OF TUBERCULOSIS INFECTION IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 128-132
Author(s):  
R.H. Fatykhova ◽  
◽  
L.А. Bаryshnikovа ◽  
D.A. Kudlay ◽  
A.P. Alekseev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Test ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
T Cell Response ◽  
Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Mantoux Test ◽  
History Of ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
Reverse Development

Objective of the study: to explore the possibilities of T-SPOT.TB testing to detect tuberculosis infection (TI) in children and adolescents. Materials and methods of research: the design – a multicenter retrospective cohort noncomparative uncontrolled study. The results of examination of children aged 1 to 17 years using the T-SPOT.TB test (n=1565): 774 boys (49,5%), 791 girls (50,5%). The median age of children is 8 [5; 13] years. Results: the rate of positive T-SPOT.TB tests was 7,2% (n=113). Further examination and in-depth examination of children with positive results (n=28), in every 4th case, a history of contact with a tuberculosis (TB) patient was established, every 4th child had previously been under treatment with phthisiatrician. The coincidence of positive results of the T-SPOT.TB test with the Mantoux test – in 87%, with the test with a recombinant tuberculosis allergen – in 100% of cases. Local TB in the phase of reverse development was detected in one child (4%), active TB – in 2 (7%). Conclusion: the T-SPOT.TB test is an alternative method for screening children for TI.

Insulin resistance caused by amylin in conscious rats is independent of induced hypocalcemia and fades during long-term exposure

1993 ◽  
Vol 129 (4) ◽  
pp. 360-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clemens Fürnsinn ◽  
Peter Nowotny ◽  
Michael Roden ◽  
Madeleine Rohac ◽  
Thomas Pieber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Glucose Intolerance ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Zucker Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Euglycemic Hyperinsulinemic Clamp

To compare the effect of short- vs long-term amylin infusion on insulin sensitivity, glucose tolerance and serum calcemia, euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp (26 pmol·kg−1·min−1) and glucose tolerance tests (2.4 mmol/kg over 30 min) were performed in lean Zucker rats. Three infusion protocols were employed: control group: 24 h of iv saline; short-term amylin exposure: 22 h of iv saline followed by 2 h of iv amylin (20 μg/h); long-term amylin exposure: 24 h of iv amylin (20 μg/h). Insulin resistance was induced by short-term amylin infusion during euglycemic clamping, as shown by a 41% decrease in space-corrected glucose infusion rates (μmol·kg−1·min−1; control group, 106.0±15.0; short-term iv amylin, 62.7±15.0; p<0.00 5). After long-term amylin exposure, insulin sensitivity was identical to control values (109.9±6.7). This fading action of amylin was confirmed by data from the glucose tolerance test, demonstrating glucose intolerance after short- but not after long-term amylin exposure. Serum calcium concentration decreased during short-term (2 h) amylin infusion (from 2.52±0.15 to 2.09±0.12 mmol/l; p<0.01) and hypocalcemia of a similar extent also was present after 22 h and 24 h of amylin exposure (2.10±0.09 and 2.04±0.14 mmol/l, respectively). The data demonstrate that short-term amylin infusion induces insulin resistance and glucose intolerance, both of which vanish during long-term (>22 h) amylin exposure, being apparently independent of induced hypocalcemia.

Fluorometry of Citrate in Serum, with Use of Citrate (pro-3S)-Lyase

1975 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 730-734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur J Tomisek ◽  
Edward M Winkler ◽  
Samuel Natelson
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Initial Values ◽  
Endogenous Insulin ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Human Sera ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Tests ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenases ◽  
Range Of Values

Abstract We describe a procedure for enzymatic assay of citrate in human serum. The citrate is degraded to acetate and oxaloacetate with citrate oxaloacetate-lyase (pro-3S-CH2 · COO- → acetate) (EC 4.1.3.6). Some oxaloacetate loses CO2 to form pyruvate. Addition of malate and lactate dehydrogenases (EC 1.1.1.37 and 1.1.1.27) permits determination of the oxaloacetate and pyruvate generated, and thus of the citrate concentration. The decrease in NADH concentration is measured fluorometrically. Results obtained for 30 consecutive human sera by this procedure were compared to the procedure in which the citrate is converted to pentabromoacetone. There was no statistically significant difference in values obtained by the two procedures. The range of values (mean ± 2 SD) found for sera from 25 blood donors by this procedure was 12.8-27.2 mg/liter (mean, 19.0 mg/ liter). Serum citrate as measured by both procedures during a glucose tolerance test was decreased from initial values under the influence of administered glucose (and endogenous insulin). Insulin concentrations were also measured during these glucose-tolerance tests. Citrate concentrations remain subnormal after the glucose and insulin concentrations return to their initial values. This accords with published reports.

scholarly journals The role of growth hormone and glucocorticoid in glucose handling in vivo

1999 ◽  
Vol 162 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Johansen ◽  
M Deckert ◽  
T Mandrup-Poulsen ◽  
K Malmlof
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gh Treatment ◽  
Peripheral Tissues

Growth hormone (GH) can oppose the catabolic effects of glucocorticoids. However, both hormones have adverse effects on carbohydrate metabolism. Here we examined the interactive effects of GH and the glucocorticoid methylprednisolone (MP) on glucose tolerance, insulin resistance and [3H]2,6-deoxyglucose uptake of peripheral tissues in rats. Female Wistar rats received either saline, GH (2.7 mg/kg), MP (5.0 mg/kg) or GH+MP. After 7 days treatment, animals were subjected to an i.v. glucose tolerance test. In a second experiment, animals treated as above were anesthetized and injected with human insulin (0.5 U/kg), [3H]2,6-deoxyglucose (500 microCi/kg), and [14C]mannitol (25 microCi/kg), to estimate insulin resistance and [3H]2,6-deoxyglucose uptake in fat and muscle. Weight gain in controls was 7.6+/-1.7 g, while GH treatment increased the mean body weight by 18.7+/-2.2 g (P<0.0002) and MP inhibited weight gain down to 0.0+/-1.0 g (P<0.004). This drop in weight gain was reversed back to normal when GH was given in combination with MP. After a glucose tolerance test no significant differences in glucose area under the curve were detected when comparing individual groups with the control group, but samples taken just before this test revealed that basal insulin was significantly elevated in the group treated with GH (174+/-27 pM, P<0.008), or GH+MP (209+/-21 pM, P<0.004), when compared with controls (107+/-17 pM). MP alone had no effect (122+/-19, P<0.3). After an i.v. bolus of insulin the group receiving GH+MP had a significantly (P<0.007) higher level of circulating glucose compared with controls (6.5+/-0.3 mM vs 4.4+/-0.7 mM). Despite this, there were no differences in peripheral glucose uptake between the two groups. In conclusion this study shows that a combined administration of GH and MP decreases the potency by which insulin decreases circulating glucose levels, but that peripheral tissues are not primarily involved in this insulin resistance.

scholarly journals Changes in glucose tolerance and leptin responsiveness of rats offered a choice of lard, sucrose, and chow

2012 ◽  
Vol 302 (11) ◽  
pp. R1327-R1339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth B. S. Harris ◽  
John W. Apolzan
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Sucrose Solution ◽  
Rapid Onset ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Leptin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances ◽  
Low Fat Diet ◽  
Sucrose Diet ◽  
Mechanistic Basis ◽  
White Fat

Rats offered chow, lard, and 30% sucrose solution (choice) rapidly become obese. We tested metabolic disturbances in rats offered choice, chow+lard, or chow+30% sucrose solution [chow+liquid sucrose (LS)] and compared them with rats fed a composite 60% kcal fat, 7% sucrose diet [high-fat diet (HFD)], or a 10% kcal fat, 35% sucrose diet [low-fat diet (LFD)]. Choice rats had the highest energy intake, but HFD rats gained the most weight. After 23 days carcass fat was the same for choice, HFD, chow+lard, and chow+LS groups. Glucose clearance was the same for all groups during an intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (GTT) on day 12, but fasting insulin was increased in choice, LFD fed, and chow+LS rats. By contrast, only choice and chow+LS rats were resistant to an intraperitoneal injection of 2 mg leptin/kg on day 17. In experiment 2 choice rats were insulin insensitive during an intraperitoneal GTT, but this was corrected in an oral GTT due to GLP-1 release. UCP-1 protein was increased in brown fat and inguinal white fat in choice rats, and this was associated with a significant increase in energy expenditure of choice rats during the dark period whether expenditure was expressed on a per animal or a metabolic body size basis. The increase in expenditure obviously was not great enough to prevent development of obesity. Further studies are required to determine the mechanistic basis of the rapid onset of leptin resistance in choice rats and how consumption of sucrose solution drives this process.

scholarly journals Determination of pH as a method of prevention of preterm birth of infectious genesis in women with a history of miscarrage

2015 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-33
Author(s):  
Tamara Aleksandrovna Pluzhnikova
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Ph Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vaginal Fluid ◽  
Urogenital Infection ◽  
Vaginal Ph ◽  
Fold Reduction ◽  
History Of ◽  
Group 2

There is substantial evidence that urogenital infection is one of the major causes of preterm birth, with bacterial vaginosis being one of these infections. Timely diagnosis and treatment of this condition significantly reduce the rate of preterm birth. The aim of this study was to evaluate the method of pH determination of vaginal fluid in women at a risk of preterm birth. A total of 66 women were included in the study. The women were divided into two groups. Group 1 consisted of 30 women, who measured vaginal pH from week 12 and 36 of gestation twice a week using the test рН-Balance (PremiumDiagnostics, Germany). Group 2 comprised 36 women, who did not measure vaginal pH (control group). Abnormal рН (>4,4) were observed in 9 women (30.0 %). Of them, in 8 women a urogenital infection was observed. All patients received etiotropic treatment. pH measuring in women with a history of miscarriage resulted in 4.5-fold reduction of preterm birth (from 30.0 to 6.7 %). In the control group the was no significant reduction in the rate of preterm birth (from 22.2 to 19.4 %).

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