A comparative study of the antifungal activity of essential oils of Varronia curassavica Jacq. obtained by different distillation methods

This work aimed to compare the antifungal activity of the essential oil of Varronia curassavica obtained by hydrodistillation and microwave against the fungus Colletotrichum musae and verify the alterations caused by these extraction methods on the leaf surface. This study used four essential oil samples obtained by different methods, two by hydrodistillation [HD1 (1.0 L of water and 100 min.) and HD2 (2.0 L of water and 140 min.)] and two by microwave [MI1 (500W, 20 min, without water) and MI2 (700W, 40 min, with 50 mL of water added to fresh leaves)]. Essential oils concentrations of 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, and 3.0% (v / v) were tested in PDA medium. The mycelial growth of C. musae was evaluated by measuring the diameter, every 24 hours up to 144 hours after the beginning of the incubation. Untreated leaves and leaves treated with HD1 and MI1 were prepared for observation in a scanning electron microscope (SEM) LEO EVO 40. The most abundant compounds detected in the essential oil samples analyzed by gas chromatography were: shyobunol, germacrene D-4-ol, E-caryophyllene, bicyclogermacrene, and α-cadinol. Up to 72 hours after the beginning of the incubation, C. musae presented no mycelial growth, even at the lowest essential oil concentration. Conversely, mycelial growth was detected in the control (PDA + DMSO) from 24 hours after incubation. At 144 hours after incubation, regardless of the concentration, the essential oil samples obtained by HD provided lower mycelial growth of C. musae (1.49 cm) when compared with samples obtained by MI (1.80 cm). This difference possibly occurred due to the reduction to less than half of the germacrene D-4-ol content in the samples obtained by MI. The four essential oil samples tested inhibited the mycelial growth and thus presented a inhibitory effect on C. musae. The SEM revealed more drastic changes on the surface of the leaf treated with MI than on those treated with HD. The essential oil of V. curassavica, mainly when obtained by hydrodistillation, has the potential for use in the control of C. musae.

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Chemical Composition and Antifungal Activity of Lavender (Lavandula stoechas) Oil

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1801300728 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 13 (7) ◽

pp. 1934578X1801300 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mehmet Musa Özcan ◽

Mira Starovic ◽

Goran Aleksic ◽

Gilles Figueredo ◽

Fahad Al Juhaimi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Antifungal Activity ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Alternaria Alternata ◽

Mycelial Growth ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Inhibitory Effects ◽

Linalyl Acetate ◽

Lavandula Stoechas

The essential oil of Lavandula stoechas was examined by GC and GC-MS. Discs (5 mmi.d.) of the tested fungi ( Alternaria alternata, Fusarium oxysporum and Botritys cinerea) were inoculated separately onto each assay plate and incubated at 25oC for 7 days. The oil yield of dried parts (v/dw) obtained by hydro-distillation was 2.9%. Thirty-two compounds representing 98.3% of the essential oil were determined. Linalool (49.9%), linalyl acetate (14.4%), lavandulyl acetate (5.7%), α-terpineol (5.6%), terpinene-4-ol (5.1%), lavandulol (3.7%), ( E)-β-ocimene (2.6%) and ( Z)-β-ocimene (2.4%) were identified as the main constituents of the oil. In addition, both doses of the lavender oil showed varying levels of inhibitory effects on the mycelial growth of tested fungi used in the experiment. The results demonstrated the strongest effect on B.cinerea, followed by A.alternata and F.oxysporum. The inhibitory effect is probably dependent on the concentration of essential oils.

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Volatiles of Tanacetum macrophyllum Obtained by Different Extraction Methods

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1801300727 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 13 (7) ◽

pp. 1934578X1801300

Author(s):

Biljana Nikolić ◽

Milić Matović ◽

Marina Todosijević ◽

Jovana Stanković ◽

Mirjana Cvetković ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Extraction Methods ◽

Static Headspace ◽

Oxygenated Monoterpenes ◽

Ms Analysis ◽

Sesquiterpene Hydrocarbons ◽

Germacrene D ◽

Headspace Gc

Terpene compounds of Tanacetum macrophyllum as 1) essential oils, obtained by hydrodistillation (HD), 2) essential oil extracts, obtained by simultaneous hydrodistillation and extraction (SDE) and 3) volatiles, obtained by Static Headspace GC-MS analysis (HS) were processed. Monoterpenes were the most dominant (49.2%, 49.5% and 90.4%, respectively). Profiles of essential oils obtained by HD and SD were quite similar, with oxygenated monoterpenes (39.3% and 39.4%) being the most abundant. In HS volatiles oxygenated monoterpenes also dominated (57.4%). Total sesquiterpenes were abundant in HD and SDE volatiles (38.2% and 39.2%, resp.), where sesquiterpene hydrocarbons were prevalent (27.3% and 28.7%, resp.). Germacrene D was dominant in HD and SDE oils (22.0% and 23.3%, resp.) and 1,8-cineole in HS volatiles (34.3%). To our knowledge, this is the first use of Headspace technique on T. macrophyllum. Furthermore, this is the first comparison of different techniques of volatile extraction in T. macrophyllum.

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Antifungal activity of Ocotea odorifera (Vell.) Rowher, Ocotea puberula (Rich.) Nees and Cinnamodendron dinisii Schwanke essential oils

10.1101/859272 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

P. Mezzomo ◽

T.L. Sausen ◽

N. Paroul ◽

S.S. Roman ◽

A.A.P. Mielniczki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gas Chromatography ◽

Antifungal Activity ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Chemical Compounds ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Pathogenic Microorganisms ◽

Biological Interest ◽

Penicillium Crustosum

AbstractBiocompounds are promising tools with the potential to control pathogenic microorganisms. The medicinal plant species Ocotea odorifera, Ocotea puberula and Cinnamodendron dinisii, distributed along Brazilian biomes, are sources of chemical compounds of biological interest. This study aimed to evaluate the antifungal activity of the essential oils of O. odorifera, O. puberula and C. dinisii essential oils upon the mycotoxin producers Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus flavus and Penicillium crustosum. The essential oils where characterized by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometer (CG-MS). The majority compounds identified were: safrol (39.23%) and camphor (31.54%) in O. odorifera, Beta-caryophyllene (25.01%) and spathulenol (17.74%) in O. puberula, and bicyclogermacrene (23.19%) and spathulenol (20.21%) in C. dinisii. The Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of antifungal activity considered diameters higher than 10 mm after 72 h of incubation at 30 ºC. A. alternata presented higher resistance to O. odorifera and C. dinisii oils. The inhibitory effect of O. odorifera on A. flavus showed stabilization at oils concentrations between 50% and 80%, increasing at 90% and 100% (pure oil) treatments. We observed that the essential oils of O. odorifera and C. dinisii have potential in the control of the analyzed fungi species. The essential oil of O. odorifera presented a better activity in all the assays, which can be related to the presence of safrole and phenylpropenes, compounds with known antifungal activity.

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Chemical composition and antifungal potential of essential oils from different aerial parts of Protium ovatum Engl

Australian Journal of Crop Science ◽

10.21475/ajcs.21.15.04.p2915 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 570-576

Author(s):

Wendel C. de Sousa ◽

Josemar G. Oliveira Filho ◽

Cassia C. F. Alves ◽

Moacir R. Forim ◽

Cristiane de M. Cazal

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Antifungal Activity ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Ripe Fruit ◽

Aerial Parts ◽

Potential Source ◽

Antifungal Potential ◽

Germacrene D

Protium ovatum is a Brazilian endemic species widely distributed between the Cerrado and Amazon biomes. Here, we evaluate the chemical composition of the essential oils (EO) of different shoot organs from P. ovatum including stems, petioles, leaves, flowers, ripe and unripe fruits, and investigate their antifungal potential against Sclerotinea sclerotiorum. The EO were obtained by hydrodistillation in a Clevenger-type apparatus and analysed by GC-MS, followed by PCA analysis. The antifungal activity was performed by agar diffusion. Fruits had the highest essential oil contents among the shoot parts. The constituents were found varyingin the different organs: α-Pinene (0.80-18.3%), β-Pinene (0.58-5.17%), Myrcene (0.52-27.3%), Limonene (3.15-59.7%), Caryophyllene E (3.67-16.4%), Germacrene D (6.34-27.4%), and δ-Cadinene (2.29-7.63%). The essential oil from ripe fruit showed the strongest antifungal activity, with the highest Inhibition of Mycelial Growth (IMG) (50.11%) at the lowest concentration assayed (18.75μg.mL-1). This is the first report on the chemical composition of the essential oils from stems, petioles, flowers, and ripe fruits of P. ovatum and their antifungal activity against S. sclerotiorum, making it a potential source of antimicrobial agents

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THE ESSENTIAL OIL CONTENTS OF JERINGAU (Acorus calamus L.) RHIZOMES AND THEIR ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY AGAINST Candida albicans

Journal of Health Sciences and Medicine ◽

10.24843/jhsm.2017.v01.i01.p09 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 33 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Wiwik Susanah Rita ◽

Retno Kawuri ◽

I Made Dira Swantara

Keyword(s):

Candida Albicans ◽

Antifungal Activity ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Steam Distillation ◽

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Acorus Calamus ◽

Oil Concentration ◽

Trans Methyl

Acorus calamus L. rhizome was trusted having antibacterial activity. This study aimed to identify the compounds in the Acorus Calamus L. rhizomes essential oils and to recognize the antifungal activity of the oils against Candida albicans. The extraction of essential oils from rhizome was carried out by steam distillation technique. Identification of compounds in the oils was conducted by Gas Chromatography- Mass Spectroscopy (GCMS), while the antifungal test against Candida albicans was done by well diffusion method. Extraction of 10 kg of rhizomes produced 16.53 mL essential oil with a yield of 0.1653% (? = 1.066), the oil was brownish yellow and very flavorful. GC-MS analysis showed that the essential oil contained 11 compounds, they are (E)-3,7 dimethyl-1,3,6-Octatriene (trans-?-Ocimene) (3,73%), linalool (1,07%), ?-elemene (1,15%), trans methyl isoeugenol (7,68%), shyobunon (15,74%), bicyclogermakren (0,93%), dehidroxy-isocalamendiol (2,61%), ?-calacorene (3,34%), euasarone (26,84), cis-asarone (18,62%); dan trans- asarone (18,29%). Antifungal activity test showed that the growth and biomass inhibition of C. albicans increased with the increase of the oil concentration. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of essential oil toward C. albicans was 1% with the inhibition of 7.83 mm.

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ANTIFUNGAL POTENTIAL OF Lippia multiflora MOLD. AND Melaleuca leucadendron L. ESSENTIAL OILS AGAINST SOME ROOT BORNE FUNGI OF IPOMEA BATATAS (L) LAM. IN CÔTE D’IVOIRE

Journal of Experimental Biology and Agricultural Sciences ◽

10.18006/2020.8(5).654.662 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (5) ◽

pp. 654-662

Author(s):

Tia Vama Etienne ◽

◽

Cissé Mohamed ◽

Allani Sophie Aka Christiane ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antifungal Activity ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Mycelial Growth ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Oil Composition ◽

Minimum Concentration ◽

Minimum Fungicidal Concentration ◽

Ipomea Batatas ◽

Aspergillus Sp

The objective of this study was to evaluate the antifungal activity of Lippia multiflor and Melaleuca leucadendron essential oils against three phytopathogenic fungi (Rhizopus sp., Fusarim sp., and Aspergillus sp.) associated with Ipomea batatas tuberous. Essential oils had been extracted by steam distillation method from leaves of selected plants and their chemical composition was characterized by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Essential oil composition characterization was followed by the estimation of percentage mycelial growth inhibition, minimum inhibitory concentration, and minimum fungicidal concentration of the isolated essential oils against the tested pathogens by the Sabouraud dilution medium method. Antifungal activity of different concentrations of isolated essential oils was evaluated by using the microdilution method. The most abundant compounds identified in the M. leucadendron essential oil are 1,8-cineole (38.2%), viridiflorol (13.4%), α-Pinene (12.5%), α-terpineol(9.2%), and geranial (22.8%) while L. multiflora essential oil have neral (18.7%), 1,8-Cineole (11.4%), α-Phellandrene (6.8%), sabinene (3.5%) as active ingredients. The concentration of essential oils which completely inhibited the mycelial growth and spore germination of all the tested pathogen varies and it was reported 0.33µL/mL and 0.66µL/mL for L. multiflora respectively while it was reported 24 µL/mL for M. leucadendron, for both effect, seven days of incubation. The minimum concentration of fungicidal essential oil against Aspergillus sp. was 0.33µL/mL for L. multiflora. The findings of the current study confirm the fungicidal properties of the tested essential oils and their potential use in the management of economically important fungal pathogens of Ipomea batatas. Further, these essential oils can be used as possible alternatives to synthetic fungicides.

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Chemical Analysis and Growth Inhibitory Effect Of Rosemary Plant on Aspergillus niger

Kurdistan Journal of Applied Research ◽

10.24017/science.2017.2.22 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 151-154

Author(s):

Tara Faeq M. Salih ◽

Lana MA. Mohammed ◽

Karzan Omer Qader

Keyword(s):

Antifungal Activity ◽

Aspergillus Niger ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Dilution Method ◽

Agar Dilution Method ◽

Main Compound ◽

Plant Extraction

The use of natural fungicides instead of synthetic ones covers is a present trend in mycological disease control. The quality and food safeties could be preserved by the addition of natural antifungal agents as essential oils. The aim of the present study was to assess the antifungal activity of certain essential oil against the genus of Aspergillus The oil of the aerial parts of Rosemary plant that collected from Sulaimani city was analyzed by using gas chromatography mass spectrometry. The antifungal activity of Rosemary plant extract against Aspergillus niger was assessed by using agar dilution method. The results showed identification of 17 compounds, with 80.62% of Benzene, 1-methoxy-4- (1-propenyl), 6.85% 1,3,6-Octatriene, 3,7-dimethyl-, (E), 5.16% 1,3,6-Octatriene, 3,7- dimethyl and 2.83% D-Limonene constitute the highest percentage of essential oil. The result of investigation the antifungal effect of Rosemary plant extraction dilutions showed that the essential oil has significant inhibitory effect on growth of Aspergillus niger in 10 %, 12%, 14%, 16%, 18%, 20%, 22%, 24%, 26%, and 28% dilutions with the average inhibitory growth percentage 25.91%, 25.60%, 28.96%, 28.96%, 30.18%, 32.31%, 28.04%, 28.65%, 31.40% and 31.70% respectively. Large percentage antifungal activities of Rosemary oil are related with Benzene, 1-methoxy-4-(1-propenyl) as the main compound. In conclusion, the essential oils exhibited a potential inhibition activity against toxic fungi and many invitro and invivo studies are requested to find more about the antifungal activity of these extracted oils.

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Use of cumin and lavender essential oils to control phoma exigua var. foveata on potato during storage

The Agrarian Scientific Journal ◽

10.28983/asj.y2020i11pp39-42 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 39-42

Author(s):

Sabah Rabie Mohammed ◽

Aleksey Vasilievich Melnikov

Keyword(s):

Antifungal Activity ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Spore Germination ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Significant Inhibition ◽

Strongly Correlated ◽

Potato Tubers ◽

Mycelium Growth ◽

Phoma Exigua

The antifungal activity of essential oils against Phoma exigua var foveata, was investigated by analyzing its inhibitory effect on the gangrene of potato tubers. The results showed that mycelium growth and spore germination of Phoma was suppressed by treatment with essential oils, and the inhibitory effect strongly correlated with the concentration of essential oils used in this study. The effectiveness of post-harvest treatment with essential oils was studied for induced resistance to Phoma rot in tubers of two potato varieties (Kolobok and Sante). The results showed the fungicidal effect of cumin and lavender essential oils against phomosis at concentrations of 0.1, 0.2, and 0.4, significant inhibition of mycelium growth (18.1-100%), and viability of conidia (12.8-100%) compared to the control. Moreover, both oils at a concentration of 0.4% caused 100% inhibition of mycelium growth and spore germination. Treatment with oils at a concentration of 0.01-0.04 l/t significantly reduced the degree of damage to tubers infected with phomosis. However, cumin essential oil at a concentration of 0.04 l/t had the greatest effect 97.1% compared to lavender oil 95.4%.

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Antifungal Activity of the Essential Oils from Some Species of the Genus Pinus

Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C ◽

10.1515/znc-2002-5-613 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 57 (5-6) ◽

pp. 478-482 ◽

Cited By ~ 50

Author(s):

Mirosława Krauze-Baranowska ◽

Marek Mardarowicz ◽

Marian Wiwart ◽

Loretta Pobłocka ◽

Maria Dynowska

Keyword(s):

Antifungal Activity ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Pinus Ponderosa ◽

Fusarium Culmorum ◽

Red Pine ◽

The Other ◽

White Pine ◽

Germacrene D ◽

Growth Of Fungi

The chemical composition of the essential oils from the needles of Pinus ponderosa (north american pine), P. resinosa (red pine) and P. strobus (eastern white pine) has been determined by GC/MS (FID). The essential oils from P. resinosa and P. ponderosa in comparison to P. strobus have been characterized by the higher content of β-pinene (42.4%, 45.7% and 7.9% respectively). On the other hand, α-pinene (17.7%) and germacrene D (12.2%) were dominant compounds of P. strobus. Moreover the essential oil from P. resinosa was more rich in myrcene-15.9%. Estragole and Δ-3-carene, each one in amount ca 8% were identified only in P. ponderosa. The content of essential oils in the needles slightly varied - 0.65% - P. resinosa, 0.4% - P. strobus, 0.3% - P. ponderosa. The antifungal activity has been investigated towards Fusarium culmorum, F. solani and F. poae. The strongest activity was observed for the essential oil from P. ponderosa, which fully inhibited the growth of fungi at the following concentrations - F. culmorum, F. solani at 2% and F. poae at 5%.

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Influence of Monoterpenes in Biological Activities of Nectandra megapotamica (Spreng.) Mez Essential Oils

Biomolecules ◽

10.3390/biom9030112 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 112 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Letícia Danielli ◽

Tiago de Souza ◽

Ana Maciel ◽

Marco Ferrão ◽

Alexandre Fuentefria ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Engineering ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Antifungal Activity ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Plant Development ◽

Seasonal Variations ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Pharmacological Studies ◽

Germacrene D

Investigating the influence of seasonal variations on biological activities is important for pharmacological studies and metabolic engineering. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the variation of the chemical composition of essential oils obtained from Nectandra megapotamica leaves, collected at different stages of plant development, as well as its influence on the biological activities. A total of 38 compounds were identified that accounted for 97–99.2% of the chemical composition of the oils. Major differences were observed in the monoterpenic fraction, representing 5.1% of the compounds identified in the productive rest phase to 37.1% in the blooming phase. Bicyclogermacrene and germacrene D were the predominant compounds identified in the oil of all collections. Furthermore, limonene, β-pinene, and spathulenol were identified predominantly in the samples of blooming and fruiting phases. The oils exhibited significant antichemotactic activity and different effects in scavenging the radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl. Variations were also observed in the antifungal activity, with the minimum inhibitory concentrations ranging from 125 to 500 μg/mL. These results demonstrate the influence of monoterpenes, primarily limonene, α-pinene, and β-pinene, on the bioactivities of the oil. Studies investigating the variations in the chemical composition of essential oil may offer a strategy to produce a compound or a group of compounds of interest to industries with a specific pharmacological focus.

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