scholarly journals Geochemical assessment of heavy metal pollution of river basin in Nigeria using stream sediment

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 198
Author(s):  
Oluwafunso Oladipo Awosusi ◽  
Adeshina Luqman Adisa
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Enrichment Factor ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollution ◽  
Stream Sediment ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration

Heavy metal pollution has been a source of health problems in humans. These metals are persistent, toxic, non-degradable and often take a long time to be eliminated from the body. This study is, therefore, designed to assess heavy metal pollution of River Basin in Nigeria. Seventy stream sediment samples were systematically collected from an area, approximately 400km2, latitude 7O 00’ and 7O 15’N and longitude 5O 11’ and 5O 19’E. The pollution status of the sediments by heavy metals were assessed by Enrichment Factor (EF), Pollution Load Index (PLI) and Geo-accumulation Index (Igeo). The concentrations of the heavy metals were also compared with United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Sediment quality guidelines (SQG). The samples were dried in the laboratory, disaggregated, sieved to minus 80 (<177 microns) mesh size using nylon sieve. The sieved samples were, then, digested and the concentrations of As, Co, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, V and Zn were determined by Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry (WD-XRFS). Results revealed that the mean concentrations of the heavy metals are in the order V>Zn>Pb>As>Ni>Co>Fe>Mn. Furthermore, the mean concentration of lead exceeded both the average world shale and the USEPA SQG values. However, the mean concentration of cobalt, nickel, manganese and zinc were lower than the average world shale values for these elements. The Enrichment Factor (EF) revealed that cobalt was moderately enriched while arsenic and lead were significantly enriched in the sediments. On the basis of the geoaccumulation index, the stream sediments were largely uncontaminated except at some sites that were moderately to strongly contaminated by As and Pb.  

scholarly journals Use of Two Aquatic Snail Species as Bioindicators of Heavy Metals in Tigris River-Baghdad

2020 ◽  
pp. 1589-1592
Author(s):  
Harith Saeed Al-Warid ◽  
Hayder Z Ali ◽  
Ghassan Nissan ◽  
Abbas Haider ◽  
Ahmed Yosef
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollution ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Snail Species ◽  
Tigris River ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration ◽  
Bellamya Bengalensis

     Thirty individuals of Bellamya bengalensis and Physella acuta were collected and identified from the Tigris River in Baghdad during the period between October to November 2017. The efficiency of bioaccumulation of the two species as bioindicators for aquatic heavy metal pollution with Cd, Ni, Pb and Cu was investigated. Both snail species had the ability to accumulate heavy metals. The mean of Ni concentration in soft tissues of both snails was 1.53 ppm while the mean concentration of other heavy metals was significantly lower; they reached 0.51 ppm, 0.36 ppm and 0.29 ppm, respectively. While no significant differences between B. bengalensis and  P.acuta were noticed in the ability to accumulate the heavy metals. It is concluded that both snails shared the features of good bioindicators due to their sensitivity to pollution.:

scholarly journals Comprehensive assessment of groundwater quality using heavy metal pollution indices and geospatial technique: A case study from Wanaparthy watershed of upper Krishna River basin, Telangana, India.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suantak Paolalsiam Vaiphei ◽  
Rama Mohan Kurakalva
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollution ◽  
Pollution Indices ◽  
Runoff Water ◽  
Water Interaction ◽  
Guideline Values

Abstract The present study is to characterize groundwater quality using heavy metal pollution indices and geospatial variations. A total of 58 samples from hand pump/submersible bore wells were collected from the Wanaparthy watershed of the upper Krishna River basin according to the grid size (5*6 km 2 ). The heavy metals concentration in groundwater samples are found in the order of Zn(38.67%)> B(32.67%)> Ba(13.59%)> As(8.49%)> Hg(3.71%)> Cr(1.28%)> Ni(0.52%)> Cd(0.47%). Among these heavy metals, arsenic (22.4%) and mercury (5.1%) were found above the permissible limits of WHO drinking water guideline values. A positive correlation between pH versus B/Ba/Hg, TH versus EC/TDS, and B versus Ba indicates the presence of metals due to chemical reaction (rock-water interaction). Arsenic correlation with EC/TDS/TH indicates artificial intervention. Drainage network analysis enumerates high concentration of parameters at near or joining to upper order of drainage system, which might be due to input of runoff water (interaction of variable rocks composition) and later stage infiltration to subsurface and reached to an aquifer. Heavy metal pollution index (HPI) showed 86.2% of samples are in the category of low class, whereas 12.1% of samples fall within medium class. According to metal index (MI) classification, 12.1% samples are in very pure, 24.14% samples are pure, while the remaining 63.8% samples are in the slightly to strongly affect category. This study suggested the main source of heavy metals in groundwater might be from the dominant granitoid rocks because the area is mostly devoid of industrialization.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Heavy Metal Pollution Index (HPI) and Metal Index (MI) of the groundwater in the Mesta River Basin, SW Bulgaria

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-12
Author(s):  
Tanya Vasileva
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollution ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollution Index ◽  
Metal Pollution Index ◽  
Ground Waters ◽  
Metal Index

Ground waters may undergo a process of contamination in various ways, but the presence and amount of heavy metals in them can be indicative of their purity and usage. Apart from that, the heavy metals are among the most widely spread pollutants in nature, and their presence in groundwater indicates the existence of natural or anthropogenic sources of contamination. Ground waters polluted with heavy metals can also be very toxic and harmful to human health, and very damaging to the environment as well. In this article, the concentrations of eight toxic heavy metals (Fe, Mn, Cu, Al, Ni, Pb, Zn, Cr) were analyzed in the ground waters of the Mesta River Basin. A number of data for the concentrations of those heavy metals were used in order to calculate the following two indices describing groundwater purity: the Heavy Metal Pollution Index (HPI), and the Metal Index (MI). Both indices describe the overall quality of groundwater in direct relationship to the sum total of heavy metal concentrations. On one hand, minimal concentrations of heavy metals are necessary for the faultless functioning of organisms and indispensable to various biochemical processes, but on the other hand, in high concentrations, they might lead to dysfunctions in the cells of healthy organisms, and problems within their enzyme system. And these effects are entirely dependent upon the nature of the heavy metals involved. The research carried out so far shows that, according to HPI, about 65% of the shallow ground waters in the Mesta River Basin can be classified as being of excellent quality. The values obtained for the HPI are in the range of 3 to 64 (id est under the critical value of 100), or the groundwater is not contaminated with heavy metals. The MI varies within the range of 0.3 to 2.6, and therefore the groundwater from the zones with active water exchange can be characterized as being of slight to medium poor quality (41%), and the groundwater within Class II (or classified as pure with values of MI between 0.3 and 1.0) comprise approximately 59% of the overall catchment area.

scholarly journals Identifying Microbial Distribution Drivers of Archaeal Community in Sediments from a Black-Odorous Urban River—A Case Study of the Zhang River Basin

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1545
Author(s):  
Chao Shen ◽  
Jiaqi Zhao ◽  
Guangwu Xie ◽  
Yulai Wang ◽  
Qiang Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollution ◽  
Archaeal Community ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Microbial Distribution ◽  
Physicochemical Factors ◽  
Archaeal Communities

Rapid urbanization has destroyed urban water systems and led to blackened and odorous rivers. The heavily polluted rivers are always facing eutrophication and heavy metal pollution, while the combined effects of these environmental factors on the microbial diversity and distribution of the river microbial communities have not been adequately reported, especially the archaeal communities. In this study, we investigated the community structure and microbial distribution of sediment archaeal communities from an urban blackened and odorous river basin of the Zhang river, in Nanling, China. Results showed that the archaeal community from the eight sediment sites have average values of Shannon and Chao1 at 3.4921 and 232.7202, respectively. The community diversity and richness were different among samples. Halobacterota and Euryarchaeota were the most abundant phylum and Crenarchaeota also took up a considerable amount of the archaeal community. To reveal the main environmental drivers of the distribution of archaeal communities in sediment, the environmental physicochemical factors (total nitrogen, total phosphorus, oxidation/reduction potential, nitrate nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, pH and total organic carbon) and heavy metals (Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Pb and Hg) in sediment were determined. A redundancy analysis (RDA) revealed that Eh was the most prominent influencing factor, and As was the most influential heavy metal on the microbial distribution of archaeal communities. Furthermore, a variance partitioning analysis (VPA) was used to identify the impacts of physicochemical factors and heavy metals on the archaeal community distribution. Results showed that heavy metals have higher effects on archaeal community distribution than physicochemical factors. The present study suggested that the heavy metal pollution should be paid more attention in the microbial distribution in heavily polluted urban rivers, and also should be taken into consideration for improving the efficacies of ecological evaluation and remediation.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Contamination and Accumulation of Heavy Metals in the Dhaleswari River Sediments, Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Abdullah Al Mamun ◽  
Protima Sarker ◽  
Md. Shiblur Rahaman ◽  
Mohammad Mahbub Kabir ◽  
Masahiro Maruo
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollution ◽  
River Sediment ◽  
River Sediments ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Contamination Factor ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Mean

The Dhaleswari river is considered as one of the most important rivers of Bangladesh due to its geographical location and ecological services. The present study attempts to evaluate the degree of heavy metal pollution, contamination, and accumulative behavior in  the sediment of the Dhaleswari river. The sediment samples were collected from fifteen different locations of the Dhaleswari river. Heavy metals were analyzed using the Flame Atomic Spectrophotometer (FAAS). The mean concentrations of Zn, Cu, Cr, Pb and Cd were 131.9, 48.89, 43.16, 33.23 and 0.37 mgkg-1, respectively. According to the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Sediment Quality Guideline, the sediment of most of the locations were not polluted for Pb and Cd. But S-11 location for Cd (0.8 mg kg-1) was highly polluted. For Cr, Cu and Zn, maximum locations were moderately polluted. Although the geo-accumulation index (Igeo) values of Dhaleswari river sediments showed almost no severe contamination for most of the sampling locations, the pollution load index (PLI) values showed that most of the sampling sites were contaminated for all heavy metals tested. Moreover, for all measured heavy metals, the mean Contamination Factor (CF) values indicated moderate pollution, except for Cr, which suggested low pollution. The Pearson’s correlation coefficient matrix among the selected heavy metals of Dhaleswari river sediment showed no significant correlation among each other. Therefore, regular monitoring of the heavy metal concentration of the Dhaleshwari river sediment from different location is necessary to identify the sources of pollution so that proper initiative could be taken to prevent heavy metal pollution.

scholarly journals Kandungan Logam (Pb) pada Strombus canarium Linnaeus,1758 (Mollusca :Gastropoda) di Perairan Malang Rapat dan Tanjung Siambang Provinsi Kepulauan Riau

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-304
Author(s):  
Andi Bakia Askara ◽  
Fadhliyah Idris ◽  
Risandi Dwirama Putra ◽  
Aditya Hikmat Nugraha
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollution ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
The Body ◽  
Marine Biota ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
The Impact

Human activities in coastal areas have the potential to cause heavy metal pollution. The impact of heavy metal pollution causes the accumulation of heavy metals in the body of marine biota, including the Gonggong Snail (S. Canarium). This study aims to analyze the concentration of heavy metals Pb in Gonggong snails in two different characteristics of aquatic ecosystems. Purposive sampling used as a sampling method of Gonggong Snail. The Analysis of heavy metal concentrations from Pb using the ICP (Inductively coupled plasma). The results showed the heavy metal concentration of Pb was 0.427 mg/kg for Malang Rapat Village and 0.71 mg/kg for Tanjung Siambang village. The difference between the two locations possibly due to differences in the aquatic characteristics at the study site. Aktivitas manusia di kawasan pesisir berpotensi menyebabkan terjadinya pencemaran logam berat. Dampak dari pencemaran logam berat dapat menyebabkan terakumulasinya logam berat pada tubuh biota laut, salah satunya yaitu Siput Gonggong (S.Canarium). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis konsentrasi logam berat Pb pada Siput Gonggong yang terdapat pada dua ekosistem perairan yang memiliki karakteristik perairan berbeda. Pengambilan sampel siput gonggong dilakukan dengan cara purposive sampling. Analisis konsentrasi logam berat menggunakan bantuan alat ICP (Inductively coupled plasma). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi logam berat Pb sebesar 0,427 mg/kg untuk Desa Malang Rapat dan 0,71 mg/kg untuk desa Tanjung Siambang. Terjadi perbedaan antara kedua lokasi kemungkinan dikarnakan adanya perbedaan karakteristik perairan pada lokasi penelitian.

scholarly journals Analysis of Heavy Metal Components in Some Urban Ponds in Rajshahi, Bangladesh

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 115-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fawzia Adib Flowra ◽  
Jibon Kumar Ghosh ◽  
Md Abu Sayed Jewel ◽  
Anannya Sen Tumpa ◽  
M Afzal Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollution ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Pollution Status ◽  
Urban Ponds ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Rajshahi City

An experiment was conducted to determine the heavy metal pollution status of selected six ponds in Rajshahi City Corporation for a period of 7 months from June, 2008 to December, 2008. Among heavy metals the mean values of Cu, Mn, Zn, Fe and Pb varied from 0.05±0.02 (Pond-5) to 1.79±0.88 mg/l (Pond-4), 21.30±2.64 (Pond-6) to 76.57±30.90 mg/l (Pond-1), 0.08±0.02 (Pond-6) to 1.25±0.79 mg/l (Pond-4), 0.75±0.10 (Pond-3) to 1.87±0.53 mg/l (Pond-5) and 0.14±0.12 (Pond-6) to 4.92±1.66 mg/l (Pond-4) respectively. This study indicated that the Pond-2 covered by garbage, polythene and other wastes, Pond-3 and Pond-4 received industrial wastes were moderately polluted whereas the Pond-1 received City corporation wastes was less polluted. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jles.v7i0.20131 J. Life Earth Sci., Vol. 7: 115-117, 2012

scholarly journals Physicochemical Properties and Metallic Constituent Load in the Water Samples of the Buriganga of Bangladesh

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-146
Author(s):  
KM Mohiuddin ◽  
MM Alam ◽  
I Ahmed ◽  
HM Zakir ◽  
AK Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollution ◽  
Pollution Prevention ◽  
Aquatic Ecology ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration ◽  
Buriganga River

The study was conducted to assess the level of Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr, Fe, Mn, Cd and Ni contamination in the water samples of the Buriganga river. Total 14 water samples were collected from different areas of upstream of the Buriganga river to determine the physicochemical properties, concentration of different metallic constituents and assess the heavy metal pollution load. Atomic Absorption Spectrometer was used for analyzing the heavy metals of the samples. The mean concentration of Ca, Mg, Na, K in water samples were 0.779, 0.889, 140.39, 26.9 ?g mL-1, respectively. The mean concentration of Cr, Pb, Fe, Cu, Zn and Mn in the water samples were 0.17, 0.05, 0.67, 0.22, 0.55 and 0.17 ?g mL-1, respectively. The amount of Cd in all samples and Pb in 10 samples was below detectable limit of the instrument (0.01 ?g mL-1). Water pH ranged from 4.09 to 7.41 and EC was 346 to 7720 µS cm-1. Magnitude of heavy metal pollution in the Buriganga river system implies that the condition is very alarming and may severely affect the aquatic ecology of the river. To minimize the severe impact on city dwellers and aquatic ecology of the Buriganga river, sustainable steps and continuous monitoring on pollution prevention and cleanup operation is suggested.J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 8(2): 141-146 2015

scholarly journals Evaluating ecological risks and tracking potential factors influencing heavy metals in sediments in an urban river

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongping Liu ◽  
Jian Wang ◽  
Huibin Yu ◽  
Hongjie Gao ◽  
Weining Xu
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollution ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Urban River ◽  
Ecological Risks ◽  
Background Values ◽  
Potential Factors

Abstract Background Heavy metal pollution of aquatic systems is a global issue that has received considerable attention. Canonical correlation analysis (CCA), principal component analysis (PCA), and potential ecological risk index (PERI) have been applied to heavy metal data to trace potential factors, identify regional differences, and evaluate ecological risks. Sediment cores of 200 cm in depth were taken using a drilling platform at 10 sampling sites along the Xihe River, an urban river located in western Shenyang City, China. Then they were divided into 10 layers (20 cm each layer). The concentrations of the As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb and Zn were measured for each layer. Eight heavy metals, namely Pb, Zn, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Hg, were measured for each layer in this study. Results The average concentrations of the As, Cd, Cu, Hg, and Zn were significantly higher than their background values in soils in the region, and mainly gathered at 0–120 cm in depth in the upstream, 0–60 cm in the midstream, and 0–20 cm downstream. This indicated that these heavy metals were derived from the upstream areas where a large quantity of effluents from the wastewater treatment plants enter the river. Ni, Pb, and Cr were close or slightly higher than their background values. The decreasing order of the average concentration of Cd was upstream > midstream > downstream, so were Cr, Cu, Ni and Zn. The highest concentration of As was midstream, followed by upstream and then downstream, which was different to Cd. The potential factors of heavy metal pollution were Cd, Cu, Hg, Zn, and As, especially Cd and Hg with the high ecological risks. The ecological risk levels of all heavy metals were much higher in the upstream than the midstream and downstream. Conclusions Industrial discharge was the dominant source for eight heavy metals in the surveyed area, and rural domestic sewage has a stronger influence on the Hg pollution than industrial pollutants. These findings indicate that effective management strategies for sewage discharge should be developed to protect the environmental quality of urban rivers.

scholarly journals Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution Levels in Sediments and of Ecological Risk by Quality Indices, Applying a Case Study: The Lower Danube River, Romania

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 1801
Author(s):  
Valentina Andreea Calmuc ◽  
Madalina Calmuc ◽  
Maxim Arseni ◽  
Catalina Maria Topa ◽  
Mihaela Timofti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollution ◽  
Surface Sediments ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Danube River ◽  
Pollution Indices

It is a well–known fact that heavy metal pollution in sediments causes serious problems not only in the Danube basin, but also in the large and small adjacent river streams. A suitable method for assessing the level of heavy metals and their toxicity in sediments is the calculation of pollution indices. The present research aims to assess heavy metal pollution in the Lower Danube surface sediments collected along the Danube course (between 180 and 60 km) up to the point where the Danube River flows into the Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve (a United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization – UNESCO, protected area). In addition, this monitored area is one of the largest European hydrographic basins. Five heavy metals (Cd, Ni, Zn, Pb, Cu) were analyzed in two different seasons, i.e., the autumn of 2018 and the spring of 2019, using the Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP– MS) technique. Our assessment of heavy metal pollution revealed two correlated aspects: 1. a determination of the potential risks of heavy metals in sediments by calculating the Potential Ecological Risk Index (RI), and 2. an evaluation of the influence of anthropogenic activities on the level of heavy metal contamination in the surface sediments, using three specific pollution indices, namely, the Geo–Accumulation Index (Igeo), the Contamination Factor (CF), and the Pollution Load Index (PLI). The results of this pioneering research activity in the region highlighted the presence of moderate metal (Ni and Cd) pollution and a low potential ecological risk for the aquatic environment.

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