scholarly journals The development of industrial infrastructure during the industrial modernization of Russia

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.13) ◽  
pp. 122
Author(s):  
Irina Yu. Gedgafova ◽  
Zalina H. Shogentsukova ◽  
Genrietta A. Efendieva ◽  
Svetlana S. Sijajeva ◽  
Janna M. Mirzoeva
Keyword(s):  
Practical Importance ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Institutional Transformation ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Theoretical Issues

The modern phase of the national economic and financial crisis clearly shows the world economy institutional transformation, increasingly reducing the competitiveness of the Russian industrial complex in particular. According to retrospective analysis carried out by specialists in techno-economic paradigms, this kind of changes occur primarily when the role of the dominant energy resource and, subsequently, the role of other production and infrastructure resources changes in all sectors, including industry. In this regard, the effectiveness of the aggregate production infrastructures of industrial enterprises, hereinafter referred to as the industrial infrastructure, is of theoretical and practical importance at the current stage of economic transformation, and therefore is an appropriate topic for a research. In this article, the authors tried to develop the theoretical issues of modern trends in the industrial infrastructure development, to define methods and mechanisms for its implementation. The article presents the structure of industrial enterprises infrastructure, identifies the problems in managing the production structure and suggests ways to solve the identified problems. 

scholarly journals STATE AS THE MAIN INSTITUTIONAL AND STRATEGIC SUBJECT OF ELABORATION AND IMPLEMENTATIONOF THE INNOVATIVE AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (4(73)) ◽  
pp. 22-36
Author(s):  
A.M. VDOVICHENKO ◽  
O.V. KALINCHAK ◽  
M.A. KUZNETSOVA
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Private Property ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
The State ◽  
Institutional Transformation ◽  
Role Of The State

Topicality. The effect of modern globalization processes leading to escalating competition make it actual and necessary to learn historical studies of implementing reforms worldwide and the role of the state in the process of institutional transformation provided by highly developed countries of the world. Therefore, the present day the key issue of Ukraine resolving which has the theoretical and practical importance is the issue of the institutional modernization with defining the role and placing of the state on course of implementing and supporting the innovative and sustainable development. Aim and tasks: to prove, on the basis of learning the historical studies of implementing reforms worldwide and the role of the state in the process of institutional transformation, that at the present stage of human development it is the state that is in a role of the main institutional strategic subject of the innovative and sustainable development strategy that has the practical importance for defining the direction of the further social and economic transformation in Ukraine. Research results. The article is focused on that the market system in its classical form is past the point of the historical development. Gradually, in view of objective reasons, the placing and functions of the state have been changing in the direction of consolidation of its role, direct dealing with resolving fateful issues. Nowadays in successful and developed countries it is the main institutional and strategic subject of mixed economic system, one of its organization components. The overview of historical experience of the reform implement in countries that have achieved substantial gains proves that these gains are connected with the institutional reformations with the state being in the heart of them. On the other hand, dogmatical proclamation of private property privileges under any circumstances and at the same time the removal of the state from resolving fateful issues, the glamorization of the market of Ukraine and as a result � system error while choosing and implementing the model of economic development, have led to the formation of oligarchic capitalism with the objective traits peculiar to it. Therefore, the present day the issue must be not the reforms modernization and intensification but the change of their rates, the economy management philosophy in general. Conclusion. The research that had been made gave an opportunity to substantiate the attitude of the authors being that without the complex system support of the real sector of economy with the focus on innovation, without consolidation of state property and its institutes including those on the backs of reprivatizing the strategically important enterprises as the fundamental principle of the future economy of Ukraine the fateful issues would be impossible to resolve.

Development and inequality in the African lions

2020 ◽  
pp. 786-800
Author(s):  
David Potts
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Rural Poverty ◽  
Careful Analysis ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
Historical Evidence ◽  
Systemic Analysis ◽  
National Economic ◽  
African Lions

Ghana’s national economic transformation has been widely celebrated; but what about the role of the country’s cities in this transformation? Typically, the contribution of cities in Ghana to the country’s transformation is seen as negative, or non-existent to negligible. This characterization is quite common for cities in Africa for which The State of Africa Cities reports mostly brand as rural poverty-driven settlements. None of these claims, however, is based on a systemic analysis of what contribution cities in Ghana have made to the country’s economic transformation. This chapter, seeks to provide a more careful analysis of the existing statistical and historical evidence. using a heterodox spatial political economy methodology. The chapter argues that most urban residents are either born in cities or are attracted to them from the countryside; but urbanization cannot be explained as ‘poverty driven’, especially when rural poverty in the country has been falling and the urban economies of many cities are booming.

The Suez Company's Concession in Egypt, 1854–1956: Modern Infrastructure and Local Economic Development

2004 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-127
Author(s):  
Caroline Piquet
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Local Economic Development ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
National Economic ◽  
European Business ◽  
Full Benefit ◽  
The One

For over a century in Egypt, the Suez Canal Company reflected the role of the concession in European economic expansion overseas. Concession was a European business practice widespread in Egypt; it was an institution inherited from a system of privileges for Europeans since the Middle Ages. It promised a way for Egypt to adopt modern infrastructures and receive needed European help for digging the canal. The results of the Suez Company are indisputable: the desert of the Suez Isthmus became a lively economic region with active ports, growing cities, and an expanding labor force. And the region was linked to the rest of the country by a new road network. At the same time, however, the concession system denied Egypt full benefit of this infrastructure. The canal served the financial and strategic interests of the company, not the interests of the local economy. This outcome embodied all the contradictions of the concession system: on the one hand, concessions were a necessity for modern infrastructure development in Egypt; on the other, they were a hindrance to further national economic development.

scholarly journals DIRECTIONS FOR ENSURING A SUSTAINABLE CITY DEVELOPMENT (ON THE EXAMPLE OF CHERNIHIV)

2019 ◽  
pp. 72-76
Author(s):  
Y. Holub
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Development ◽  
Urban Economy ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
City Development ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Sociological Study ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
The City

The article reveals the main features of the development of the urban environment. The structure of the urban economy, the environmental aspects of the development of modern cities are considered. The economic progress of any city is closely related to the territory in which it is located. Prioritization of use by individual territories depends on changes in the socio-economic sphere. The main factors of transformational changes in the urban economy are highlighted, among them – the development of human society, which stimulates the emergence of new industries and technologies, the gradual loss of the cities industrial function due to the increasing influence of the services sector, concentration in the cities large numbers of the population, which causes the renovation of the infrastructure, development of service, cultural and entertainment facilities, the environmental degradation, which encourages cities to refuse dirty production and road transport. The ecological state of Chernihiv and the dynamics of its changes are characterized. Chernihiv belongs to the type of cities with relatively high level of industrial development. Industrial complex of the city, having significant share in the real sector of economy of the city, considerably influences the level and quality of life of city inhabitants. Industrial enterprises of the city went through a deep economic crisis, and beginning since 2002, stood on the way of post-crisis development, that means stabilization and rebirth of production. One of the peculiarities of industrial infrastructure of the city is that most of industrial facilities are located outside residential areas of the city. Analyzed the results of a survey among residents of the city on the idea of sustainable (balanced) development. According to the data, the population is characterized by insufficient information about the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The results of a sociological study record the trend of the gradual spread of eco-regulatory practices among the population. First of all, it concerns energy conservation, cycling and rational use of natural resources.

Urban economic development

2020 ◽  
pp. 824-842
Author(s):  
Franklin Obeng-Odoom
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Rural Poverty ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
Urban Economic ◽  
Systemic Analysis ◽  
Urban Economic Development ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
National Economic

Ghana’s national economic transformation has been widely celebrated, but the role of its cities in this transformation is poorly understood. Typically, the contribution of cities in Ghana to the country’s transformation is seen as negative, or non-existent to negligible, at best. This characterization is quite common for cities in Africa for which The State of Africa Cities reports mostly brand as rural poverty-driven settlements. None of these claims, however, is based on a systemic analysis of urban economic development. It is this gap that the present chapter seeks to fill. By developing a particular spatial political economy approach and drawing on a wide range of data, this chapter argues that most urban residents are either born in cities or are attracted to them from the countryside, but urbanization cannot be explained as ‘poverty driven’, especially when rural poverty in the country has been falling and the urban economies of many cities are booming.

scholarly journals Local communication companies in 1941-1945: domestic historiography

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 131-136
Author(s):  
Elena Lenarovna Khramkova ◽  
Natalia Nikolaevna Mokina
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Methodology Development ◽  
Communication Industry ◽  
Local Communication ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Communication History ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
The Subject ◽  
First Time

The authors for the first time study the historical literature published in 1941-2015 and devoted to activity of local communication establishments of the front and rear districts of RSFSR during the Great Patriotic War. The special attention is paid to the researches executed on materials of Central Volga area. The historiography is analyzed within two large periods: Soviet and Post-Soviet. The main tendencies of methodology development, references and the subject perspective are defined in each of them. The authors have drawn conclusions about the degree of study of civil operators contribution to the Victory in 1941-1945. The modern period of studying of the place and role of communication industry in military economy, information infrastructure, everyday life in the extreme conditions of the war is characterized by application of new methodological approaches (system, modernization, integration, biographic) which promote interdisciplinary judgment as well as expansion of the problem field of the Great Patriotic War communication history research. Among perspective questions which were earlier insufficiently studied by historians the authors note a role of local communication establishments in industrial enterprises and population evacuation, in development of military industrial complex of rear areas, structure of post military censorship bodies, standard and legal base of post and cable departures inspection, courier communication organization, material and household provision for regional communication institutions officers and others.

scholarly journals Enhancement of process of adaptation of new employees on industrial enterprise

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 403-411
Author(s):  
E. A. Kolesnichenko ◽  
M. V. Bespalov ◽  
Ya. Yu. Radyukova ◽  
D. V. Sergeev
Keyword(s):  
Personnel Management ◽  
Management System ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Industrial Enterprise ◽  
New Employees ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Financial Investments ◽  
New Employee ◽  
Personnel Management System

The research purpose consists in identification of features of adaptation of new employees on industrial enterprise and development on this basis of recommendations about adaptation process enhancement. In the course of carrying out a research such methods of a research as were used: observation, questioning, selective observation, analysis, comparison, generalization, observation, questioning. In article types, methods and a role of adaptation of new employees in a personnel management system of industrial enterprise are researched. On materials of one of the largest industrial enterprises of the Tambov region features of the developed personnel management system are revealed, process of adaptation of new employees on industrial enterprise is analysed and recommendations about enhancement of process of adaptation of new employees are developed. The complex of recommendations about enhancement of process of adaptation of new employees on industrial enterprise became result of a research: including the instruction sheet for the new employee beginning to work in the organization; regulations on adaptation of employees in the organization which will provide a legal force of process of adaptation; the plan of adaptation of the new employees who are working directly in the sphere of production, including the actions which are directly connected with productive activity. The offered recommendations can be realized without financial investments. The practical importance of work consists in a possibility of use of developed recommendations about enhancement of process of adaptation of new employees on industrial enterprises with a similar personnel management system and difficulties in case of adaptation of new employees.

Infidelity as Manic Defence

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shelley Nathans
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Material ◽  
Theoretical Issues

Using a contemporary Kleinian psychoanalytic model, this paper explores some important theoretical issues relevant to understanding infidelity for the couple psychotherapist. The main focus of this paper is on the problems that one or both of the partners in a couple may have with mourning past or impending loss, and the consequent infidelity that may result from a manic attempt to replace depression or psychic pain with excitement. The concepts of the oedipal situation, triangulation, mourning, and manic defence are outlined in terms of the implications for understanding infidelity. The importance of viewing infidelity as possibly reflecting a range of psychological dilemmas across the developmental spectrum is emphasised. Clinical material is used to illustrate the role of unresolved pre-oedipal and oedipal issues, manic defences, and the ensuing triangulations that may develop, providing the psychic structures for infidelity.

Threats to the Economic Security of Russia in the Context of Trends in the Development of Africa

2020 ◽  
pp. 112-125
Author(s):  
Alexander I. Selivanov ◽  
Vladimir G. Starovoitov ◽  
Dmitriy V. Troshin
Keyword(s):  
National Economy ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Economic Crime ◽  
African Continent ◽  
New Developments ◽  
External Threats ◽  
National Economic ◽  
The World ◽  
National Economic Security

Situation and value of the African continent on the economic and social cardmap of the world dynamically changes and will continue to change throughout all the 21st century with strengthening of the Africa positions in the world. In Russia all the complex of threats and problems which arise owing to political and economic transformation of Africa is not adequately estimated. The scientific literature on economic security issues presents an expanded set of internal and external threats to the national economy that goes beyond the traditional areas of the shadow economy, corruption, economic crime and related segments, including the internal economic stability of the national economy and inter-country competition, the quality of state strategic management, studies of the specifics of ensuring economic security in the conditions of the sixth technological order, intercultural communication and their impact on the economic relations between countries, etc. Incomplete use of such approach to strategy for the countries of Africa creates additional threats and risks for Russia. An analysis of security problems in Africa revealed that studies of economic security in the context of African development trends in Russia are conducted in an unsatisfactory volume, not always taking into account the results of new developments in the field of ensuring economic security. Even the large shifts happening on the African continent, forecasts of this dynamics sometimes are poorly known to experts of a profile of economic security, and many experts of an economic profile including working in the African subject often do not accurately distinguish problems of “economic cooperation” and “the Russian – African relations”, on the one hand, and “economic security of Russia” – with another. In this regard the new scientific problem is proved: need for deeper analysis of trends of economic and social development in Africa as an important component of a system of ensuring national economic security of Russia in the current period and in the future into account the new developments in the sphere of economic security. The main directions of activating scientific research and concentration of practical efforts to increase national economic security, neutralize threats and reduce risk for Russia in the designated context are formulated.

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